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The effect of motivational determinants on elite Wrestlers’ ıntentions to continue in sport: The mediating role of enjoyment

This study aimed to examine the associations of motivational determinants, including goal orientation, satisfaction of basic psychological needs, and motivation, with elite wrestlers’ intention to continue in sport, and to evaluate the indirect role of enjoyment in these associations. An explanatory sequential mixed-methods design was used. The quantitative sample comprised 374 elite wrestlers competing under the Turkish Wrestling Federation, and the qualitative sample comprised 16 volunteer elite wrestlers competing in freestyle and Greco-Roman wrestling. Quantitative data were collected using validated scales measuring goal orientation, basic psychological need satisfaction, sport motivation, enjoyment, and intention to continue in sport, and were analyzed using descriptive statistics and structural equation modeling through SPSS and AMOS. Qualitative data were collected through a semi-structured interview form and analyzed using content and descriptive analysis techniques in MAXQDA 2020. The quantitative findings showed that goal orientation, satisfaction of basic psychological needs, motivation, and enjoyment had significant direct, indirect, and total associations with intention to continue in sport. Enjoyment showed an indirect role in these associations, and the proposed model explained 41% of the variance in intention to continue in sport. The qualitative findings were classified under the theme “Factors Associated with Intention to Continue in Sport” and grouped into positive and negative factors with internal and external subcategories. Internal positive factors included commitment and passion, achievement goals, and enjoyment, whereas external positive factors included reference groups, coach interaction, and social support. Negative factors included failure, negative psychological processes, injustice, sport-specific difficulties, and lack of resources. Overall, the findings indicate that elite wrestlers’ intention to continue in sport is associated with motivational, emotional, social, and contextual factors. The qualitative findings further suggest that these factors are reflected in athletes’ experiences regarding sport continuation.

An urban functional zone classification framework based on graph adaptive propagation network

Identification of the SARS-CoV-2 genome packaging signal in the nsp12-coding region

Design and validation of a key performance indicator dashboard for equity in community and retail pharmacy services in Pakistan

Background Community and retail pharmacies are essential to primary healthcare delivery in Pakistan; however, significant disparities in workforce distribution, medicine availability, and service quality persist between urban and rural settings. The absence of standardized performance monitoring systems limits the ability to identify and address these inequities. Objective To design, develop, and validate a key performance indicators (KPI) dashboard for monitoring equity in community and retail pharmacy service delivery in Pakistan. Methods A multi-phase methodological study was conducted. Phase I involved qualitative needs assessment using semi-structured interviews with pharmacists, technicians, and administrators (n = 28) to identify service gaps. Phase II employed a modified Delphi technique with expert panel consensus to refine KPIs. Phase III included dashboard development using Microsoft Power BI. Phase IV comprised validation through content validity index (CVI) assessment and usability testing using the System Usability Scale (SUS). Quantitative data were analyzed using descriptive statistics, while qualitative data were analyzed thematically. Results Eleven KPIs across workforce, efficiency, quality, safety, availability, and equity domains were finalized. Significant disparities were observed between urban and rural pharmacies, including higher stock-out duration (13.1 vs 6.2 days), lower counseling rates (55% vs 78%), and poorer workforce ratios (1:120 vs 1:65). The dashboard demonstrated high usability (SUS score: 82.5) and strong content validity (S-CVI/Ave: 0.89). Conclusion The developed KPI dashboard provides a feasible and scalable tool for real-time monitoring of pharmacy performance and equity. Its implementation can support evidence-based decision-making and improve equitable pharmaceutical service delivery in Pakistan.

A high temperature slow pyrolytic synthesis of Matteuccia struthiopteris derived activated carbon for high-performance supercapacitors

InstaNovo-P: a de novo peptide sequencing model for phosphoproteomics

Three-dimensional seismic response analysis of connected structures with damping layers

To enhance the seismic damping effect of connected structures under intense seismic activities, this study introduces a novel control system for connected structures. This system strategically places the damping layers at different locations within the main towers to mitigate the violent system response of the connected structure during rare earthquakes. The double-sided damping structure mainly involves arranging damping layers in the towers on both sides of the connected structure. The damping layers use lead-core isolation bearings (LRB), which fully combines the concepts of damping and isolation. It applies isolation technology to the damping system of high-rise structures, and can effectively solve the technical problem of overturning when isolation technology is applied to high-rise buildings in engineering experiments. The structure is modeled using ABAQUS. Models for both single-sided and double-sided damping structures are established and subsequently compared with the seismic resistance structure. This comparison is conducted to analyze the time-history response of layer shear, base reaction force, top-layer acceleration, and interstory drift of various structural models under rare earthquakes. Additionally, shear-drift hysteresis curves of the damping layer are constructed to evaluate the energy dissipation rate of the structure’ s damping layer using an energy analysis method. The results show that both damping structures exhibit superior energy dissipation and damping effects. However, the introduction of an additional damping layer in the double-sided damping structure results in a more obvious damping effect and a higher energy dissipation rate. The risk of overturning due to excessive bending deformation of the superstructure is mitigated by designing the location of the damping layer. However, the control effect of both damping structures on vertical earthquakes is not obvious, and further research is needed.

Trust in government, public health authorities, health scientists and medical care providers and COVID-19 vaccines among Canadian adults

Electrochemiluminescence microscopy for real-time, single-cell imaging of surface charge in electroactive bacteria

Vegetation-based slope protection using bermuda grass: Effects on the dynamic elastic modulus of weakly expansive soil

Weakly expansive soil is utilized in subgrades and slope engineering. vegetation is commonly adopted for ecological reinforcement, and its effects on the dynamic mechanical behaviors of weakly expansive soil remain to be further studied. Effects of vegetation, dynamic stress amplitude, confining pressure, and loading frequency on the dynamic strain and dynamic elastic modulus of weakly expansive soil were analyzed in this study. Specifically, different planting densities of Bermuda grass were investigated, including 25 g/m², 40 g/m², 50 g/m², which are denoted as P25, P40 and P50 respectively. Test Results showed that 1) Bermuda grass effectively mitigated the cumulative dynamic strain. Specifically, at f  = 1 Hz and σ d  = 20 kPa, the cumulative dynamic strain of the P25, P40, and P50 groups decreased by 9.5%, 17.0%, and 19.7% compared with bare soil. 2) Bermuda grass weakened the effect of confining pressure on the dynamic elastic modulus of soil. when σ 3 increased from 50 kPa to 100 kPa, the dynamic elastic modulus of bare soil rose by 16.4%, while the increment of the P50 group was only 1.7%. 3) Bermuda grass also enhanced dynamic stiffness of weakly expansive soil, and the reinforcing effects presented a positive correlation with planting density. Under sinusoidal cyclic loading ( f  = 1 Hz, σ d  = 40 kPa), the dynamic elastic modulus of P25, P40 and P50 were 6.4%,12.8% and 26.16% higher than that those of soil, respectively. Overall, Bermuda grass substantially improves the dynamic deformation resistance and stiffness of weakly expansive soils, which indicates its strong potential for enhancing shear strength and structural stability in expansive soil engineering under dynamic loading.

Potentially toxic elements source apportionment and risk assessment in soil around a gold mine in Northeast China

Comments on misuse of iron-57 transmission Mössbauer spectroscopy for surface characterization in Nature Communications 16, 5989 (2025)

Editorial Note: Why are they eco-friendly? Attributing eco-friendly descriptive norms to intrinsic motivation increases pro-environmental purchase intention

Assessing future water shortages at Boryeong dam, South Korea, under CMIP6 climate scenarios using the SWAT model

Signatures of nonthermal carriers in nonlinear photoluminescence

Loss of Fmr1 reorganizes the multi-elemental composition across tissues in Fragile X Syndrome mice

Fragile X Syndrome (FXS) results from a genetic mutation which silences the expression of Fragile X Messenger Ribonucleoprotein (FMRP). FMRP serves various roles regulating cellular protein synthesis including mRNAs that code for proteins regulating ion flux. However, there are few studies measuring the elemental balance between FXS genotypes and tissues. Here, we measured the multivariate balance of 10 elements in tissues of wild-type and Fmr1-knockout mice to compare elemental composition of brain and somatic tissues within and across genotypes. Using a Bayesian mixed model approach, we found that the main differences between groups were between tissues, with significant effects of genotype and interaction of tissue on genotype. Wild-type feces were significantly higher in magnesium and sodium than knockout. Fur was significantly higher in potassium in wild-type, which was supported by the interaction effect of genotype with tissue. These results align with previous work showing FXS pathologies alter electrolytic and metal ion regulation, neuronal excitability, and gastrointestinal function. Future work should additionally test how elemental differences relate to function at the cellular level, as well as patterns of individual intake, digestion, assimilation, and/or excretion.

Effect of gamma irradiation on optical, magnetic and structural properties of AgMnFe2O4 nanoparticles

Origin of crack propagation in lithium cobalt oxide positive electrode for lithium-ion batteries

Could molecular variations be predictive in right and left colon cancer in different gender and age groups?

Background Left-sided colon-cancer (LCC) and right-sided colon cancer (RCC) harbor different clinical entities and different therapy protocols. Our study aimed to demonstrate genomic expression differences and clarify the clinical differences between LCC and RCC by using in-silico methods. Methods Our study compares mRNA expression levels between clinical groups to describe variations in molecular characteristics between right-left-sided colon cancer (216 right-141 left) using the TCGA-COAD database. We identified differentially expressed genes and analyzed survival profiles for RCC and LCC. We applied a gene set enrichment analysis and merged the results by group to highlight common and different pathways. Results The results reveal that TG, INSL5, EREG and AIRE were found as age-related genes, and TG, INSL5, EREG, AIRE, HOXB8 and FLT3 were found as gender-related genes for RCC and LCC. We found that high expression of the AIRE gene was linked with poor survival in patients with RCC in males and under 65 age groups. High expression of LEP was correlated with poor survival in patients with RCC, regardless of gender. In addition, low expression of the EREG gene was linked with poor survival in women with RCC. Conclusions Three genes (AIRE, LEP, EREG), which are effective on the EGFR pathway, would have great predictive and prognostic importance in the context of anti-EGFR therapies.

Domain-specific perceptual grouping of human dyads: evidence from autistic trait profiles

Abstract A longstanding debate in social cognition centres on distinguishing between cognitive processes that are specialised for social content and those that function across multiple domains. Recent research shows that the visual processing of human figures in apparent social interactions is marked by early perceptual grouping. However, whether perceptual grouping of social scenes occurs through a social-specific or domain-general mechanism remains unclear. We examined this question by investigating the relationship between individual differences in social aptitude and perceptual grouping in geometric and social domains. Participants ( n  = 172) completed selective and integrative attention tasks featuring visual displays of geometric and human dyads. Their accuracy and reaction times were measured, and individual social traits were assessed using Autism Quotient Questionnaire subscales. Both geometric and social stimuli showed significant perceptual grouping effects, characterised by faster processing under integrative attention and slower processing under selective attention. Notably, individuals with higher social autistic traits tended to show selective difficulties in social perceptual grouping while maintaining intact geometric grouping, a pattern consistent with domain-specific processes in social scene processing. These findings suggest that even fundamental visual processes may be specifically tuned for social perception, with potential implications for understanding individual differences in social cognition.