Browse Articles

The application of local lesion postoperative continuous irrigation for the perioperative management of spinal tuberculosis with posterior-only approach surgery

ANOVA and design expert model for discoloring of azo benzene derivative dye used mesoporous aluminum silicon oxide nanoparticles

Abstract Modeling using statistical methods as ANOVA and design expert help in predicting, improving, and perfecting a system’s behavior by integration between all experimental data and different parameters, in addition to it doesn’t consume time or materials as the other techniques statistically independence. It investigates the adsorption effectiveness of mullite nanoparticles (MNPs) in removing methyl red dye (acid red 2) as azo benzene derivative dye. Many parameters as pH, dose, contact duration, and dye concentration were studied. The crystal structure, morphology, nanoscale and surface area of the adsorbent MNPs material were investigated using X-ray diffraction, Brunauer-Emmett-Teller, and transmission electron microscopy methods. The adsorbent had high crystallinity with particles size of 5 to 25 nm and an average equal 12.3 nm. In addition, it had mesoporous characteristics with high surface area (an average pore size of 7.224 nm, 93.71 m 2 /g of surface area, and 0.426 cm 3 /g of pore volume). Its contact angle is 115.3, which explains its hydrophobic character. By using a dosage of 0.05 g at pH 4, for 10 min and 800 rpm, more than 99% removal was achieved. Application of the adsorption isotherm and Kinetics, it follows pseudo-2nd order and the DKR isotherm of the removal procedure.

Energetic spectra from semi-implicit particle-in-cell simulations of magnetic reconnection

Abstract Astrophysical observations suggest that magnetic reconnection in relativistic plasmas plays an important role in the acceleration of energetic particles. Modeling this accurately requires numerical schemes capable of addressing large scales and realistic magnetic field configurations without sacrificing the kinetic description needed to model particle acceleration self-consistently. We demonstrate the computational advantage of the relativistic semi-implicit method (RelSIM), which allows for reduced resolution while avoiding the numerical instabilities typically affecting standard explicit methods, helping to bridge the gap between macroscopic and kinetic scales. Two- and three-dimensional semi-implicit particle-in-cell simulations explore the linear tearing instability and the nonlinear development of reconnection and subsequent particle acceleration starting from a relativistic Harris equilibrium with no guide field. The simulations show that particle acceleration in the context of magnetic reconnection leads to energetic power-law spectra with cutoff energies, consistent with previous work done using explicit methods, but are obtained with a considerably reduced resolution.

Associations between lifestyle, malnutrition, and health risks in a comprehensive population-based analysis

Abstract Obesity, lifestyle factors, and malnutrition increase the risk of cardiovascular events and mortality, however the interplay between lifestyle and malnutrition remains underexplored. We hypothesize that a healthier lifestyle score (lower LS)—reflecting favorable diet, higher physical activity, non-smoking, and low alcohol intake—is associated with lower cardiovascular risk (Framingham Risk Score, FRS) and reduced mortality in the LIFE-Adult-Study, and together may sharpen risk detection and prevention. We assessed the LS in 6073 participants of the LIFE-Adult-Study and analyzed associations with cardiometabolic biomarkers and FRS using multivariable linear regression (ANCOVA with post-hoc tests). All-cause mortality and malnutrition (CONUT, PNI, NRI) were analyzed across Lifestyle Score terciles using Cox models. LS categorization revealed 2038 individuals with low, 2140 with moderate, and 1895 with high lifestyle scores. Across LS terciles (higher LS = less healthy), BMI and triglycerides increased, while HDL decreased (ANCOVA; BMI adjusted for age and sex; lipids additionally for BMI; all p  < 0.001). Malnutrition decreased with an increasing lifestyle score, while the FRS increased from 6.3 (LS ≤ 21) to 9.0% (LS > 32; p  < 1 × 10⁻⁷). Participants with the unhealthiest LS had higher mortality, predominantly driven by smoking. The LS categorizes health status via metabolic parameters and identifies links to cardiovascular risk and malnutrition in the LIFE-Adult cohort, highlighting the value of integrating lifestyle factors into clinical diagnostics.

A simulation-based plasmonic terahertz nanosensor with graphene-enhanced sensitivity for diabetes monitoring

Optimization of injections with speculum-compatible devices to deliver ethyl cellulose-ethanol into the cervix to treat cervical dysplasia

Abstract Intracervical injections directly deliver therapies into the cervix. We previously explored ethyl cellulose (EC)-ethanol intracervical injections as a treatment for cervical dysplasia in low- and middle-income countries. Here we: (1) compared swine and human cervices to assess swine as a model for intracervical injections, and (2) evaluated two speculum-compatible injectors: a custom single needle injector and an extender injector, assembled from off-the-shelf components, to determine what parameters produced optimal distribution. Mechanical properties of swine and human cervices were compared. Swine cervices were injected with EC-ethanol iohexol using both injectors. Distribution and leakage volumes in tissue were visualized with microCT and quantified with 3D Slicer. Mechanical testing showed swine and human cervical tissue yielded comparable storage and loss moduli ( p  > 0.05). Ex vivo studies showed injections ≥ 10 mm deep and < 2 mL significantly reduced backflow and crack formation for both injectors. Additionally, the extender injector produced significantly less crack formation than the single needle injector. These findings indicate swine cervices are a clinically relevant model for intracervical injection studies. The extender device when inserted ≥ 10 mm and delivering < 2 mL of EC-ethanol achieved the most consistent results across intracervical delivery protocols.

Pan-cancer analysis of DTX3L as a potential prognostic and immunological biomarker

Quantum avalanches in $$\mathbb {Z}_2$$-preserving interacting Ising Majorana chain

Unlocking the fertilizer potential of low-grade coal: the role of synthesis conditions in tailoring the properties of ammoniated nitrohumic acids

Influence of coal liquefaction residues as fine aggregate substitution on asphalt mixture performance and adsorption characteristics

Enhancing sustainable concrete using waste ceramic powder and natural pozzolan through experimental and machine learning approaches

Analysis of dissolved oxygen distribution effects on nitrogen removal efficiency in oxidation ditch systems

Groundwater quality and health risk assessment in the Baddi-Barotiwala-Nalagarh industrial belt of the northwestern Himalayas

Longitudinal associations of serum Irisin and adiponectin with incident metabolic syndrome in middle-aged and older adults over three years

The association of embryo developmental rate and morphological grading with neonatal sex ratio

Evidence for dilution effect by Gobio gobio, a dead-end host in the Unio crassus–Cyprinidae coevolutionary system

Impact of novel probiotic strains isolated from Algerian fermented butter and green tea waste on broilers’ production quality

Investigation of a Lyapunov delta-type inequality with respect to a discrete fractional Green’s function

Continuous-time air pollutant forecasting using multi-timescale attention neural ordinary differential equations (MA-NODE)

Insight into the anti-corrosion performance of capparis spinoza extract as a green corrosion inhibitor for carbon steel in hydrochloric acid environment

Abstract Capparis Spinoza extract (CPS) was evaluated as a green corrosion inhibitor for carbon steel (CS) in 1 M hydrochloric acid (HCl) solution. Weight loss (WL) measurement, potentiodynamic polarization (PDP), and electrochemical impedance spectroscopy (EIS) techniques were employed to assess its efficacy. CPS demonstrated excellent inhibition efficiency (% IE) By increasing both concentration and temperature. % IE reached 90.6% at 25 °C, 300 ppm, but it reached 95.2% at 45 °C and at the same concentration. Adsorption isotherm analysis indicated Temkin-type behavior, suggesting both physical and chemical adsorption mechanisms, with the latter being predominant. Thermodynamic calculations (-ΔG° ads = -38.1 kJ mol − 1 at 25 °C) confirmed the spontaneous adsorption process, the stability of the formed adsorbed layer and shows that the CPS is mixed (physical and chemical) adsorbed on CS surface. PDP data classified CPS as a mixed-type inhibitor. EIS spectra exhibited characteristic inductive and capacitive loops at low and high frequencies, respectively. The formation of a protective CPS film on the CS surface was confirmed by atomic force microscopy (AFM) and Fourier transform infrared spectroscopy (FT-IR). The corrosion inhibition mechanism was elucidated through a combination of experimental and surface characterization techniques.