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Exploring the association between indoor air pollution (IAP) and anaemia among pregnant women in India

Background Anaemia during pregnancy in India persists despite policy attention and nutritional interventions. While its primary determinants are well-recognized, the association between indoor air pollution (IAP) and anaemia among pregnant women in India remains conspicuously under-explored. Methods This study examines the relationship between exposure to IAP and anaemia among pregnant women, using the National Family Health Survey (NFHS-5, 2019–21), with an analytical sample of 25,579 respondents. Descriptive statistics, chi-square tests, and multivariable logistic regression were used to assess the association between IAP exposure and anaemia, while accounting for socio-demographic, health, and behavioural characteristics. Results IAP was significantly associated with higher odds of anaemia (COR: 1.43, 95% CI: 1.36–1.51). Pregnant women who were younger, had lower levels of education, resided in rural areas, belonged to scheduled tribe communities, and poor wealth index household were more likely to be anaemic. Conclusion These findings suggest the need to integrate household energy transitions and indoor air quality improvements into maternal anaemia reduction strategies.

Temperature‐Responsive Near‐Infrared Emission Enabled by Reversible π‐Umpolung with an Alkenyl‐Strapped Diarylboryl Unit

Abstract Coordination of a Lewis base to a tricoordinate boryl group generates a tetracoordinate species, thereby inverting the electronic character of the boryl substituents from electron‐accepting to electron‐donating. Utilizing this π‐umpolung strategy, we report temperature‐responsive fluorophores that emit in the near‐infrared (NIR) region. To achieve reversible π‐umpolung, we designed a diarylboryl unit in which two aryl rings are tethered by an alkenyl linker. This alkenyl‐strapped scaffold engages in a weak olefin–borane interaction and undergoes frustrated Lewis pair (FLP)‐type addition even with bulky neutral Lewis bases such as tricyclohexylphosphine (PCy 3 ). When boryl groups are installed at both termini of 4,7‐di(2‐thienyl)‐2,1,3‐benzothiadiazole, coordination of PCy 3 induces pronounced red‐shifts in the emission spectra. In polar acetonitrile, the emission maximum reaches 732 nm, entering the NIR region. This red shift arises from the strong σ‐donating character of the resulting tetracoordinate boron centers, which enhance intramolecular charge transfer (ICT) character in the excited state. Unlike conventional dimesitylborane–fluoride complexes, the FLP‐type adducts exhibit reversible, temperature‐dependent shifts in the dissociation/association equilibrium. Although the solvent polarity influences the equilibrium, modulation of phosphine Lewis basicity enables reversible dissociation even in polar media, allowing this system to display large emission changes spanning the visible to NIR region.

Mountain moves: Spatial interaction modelling of Bulgaria’s internal migration (1934-1992)

Bulgaria experienced dramatic rural decline alongside rapid urban growth during the 20th century, shaped by both demographic pressures and socioeconomic change. Today, it remains one of Europe’s fastest-declining populations, underlining the importance of understanding long-term migration dynamics. Understanding these migration dynamics is essential for interpreting the country’s broader population shifts. This study provides a spatial analysis of internal migration in Bulgaria from 1934 to 1992. We construct a harmonised geocoded census settlement dataset, combining historical population records with geospatial settlement boundaries, road network data, and terrain ruggedness measures. Distances between settlements are calculated using both Euclidean and road-network measures, and terrain effects are quantified through terrain ruggedness indices. Migration flows are estimated using spatial interaction models (SIMs), parameterised by population scaling and distance decay functions. Model outputs are validated against historical benchmarks and aggregated regional flows, as well as on the settlement level, by intercensal period variability, ensuring robustness between the intercensal periods. Our analysis investigates the role of challenging topography in shaping migration flows, showing how mountainous landscapes constrained movement while facilitating concentrated urban growth. By integrating historical census records with spatial modelling and geospatial analysis, we uncover local migration dynamics that remain invisible at larger scales. Although our study does not offer direct policy advice, it provides a quantified geospatial perspective on historical context for contemporary policy debates and urban planning initiatives in a country that has experienced both significant rural decline and rapid urbanisation. The findings shed new light on Bulgaria’s population history and provide a framework for understanding the interplay between landscape features and migration dynamics.

Where Enantioselection is Set: A Mechanistic Framework for Asymmetric Hydrogen‐Atom Transfer

Abstract Hydrogen‐atom transfer (HAT) lies at the heart of radical chemistry, yet asymmetric HAT has been difficult because the high reactivity of radicals often forces H‐transfer to proceed through early, weakly organized transition states, yielding small ΔΔG ‡ and allowing rapid racemic background pathways to compete. Recent advances across small‐molecule, metalloradical, cooperative, peptide, and enzymatic catalysis show that high enantioselectivity is attainable when the catalyst is engineered to exert stereocontrol precisely at the H‐transfer step that sets configuration. In this minireview, we organize asymmetric HAT into five regimes—donation‐controlled termination, radical‐centered control, abstraction‐controlled HAT, cooperative bimetallic catalysis, and enzyme‐mediated HAT—each specified by where chiral information is introduced during H‐transfer. Through representative cases, we illustrate how catalysts achieve enantioselection by defining radical geometry, guiding H‐delivery, enforcing selective hydrogen abstraction, or confining donor–acceptor pairs within organized chiral environments. This mechanistic framework provides a unified lens spanning synthetic and biocatalytic systems, clarifies the distinct stereochemical logics in each regime, and highlights emerging opportunities for expanding asymmetric radical chemistry through precisely orchestrated H‐atom transfer.

A framework for subjective motion production: A construal approach with Mandarin evidence

This study develops and validates an experimental framework for investigating the production of subjective motion sentences (e.g., The road winds through the valley ), a phenomenon that has been examined mainly from comprehension perspectives. Using Mandarin as a case study, we first conducted corpus-based analyses to develop the framework, which incorporates: (1) an analysis of four key construal operations (selection, perspective, prominence, and imagination) together with aspectual construals, (2) a classification for subjective motion sentence types based on aspectual marking and subject traversability, and (3) three experiential motivations (perceiving, scanning, and imaging) used to characterize recurrent construal tendencies in production. Guided by the framework, we designed picture-elicitation tasks and conducted production experiments with native Mandarin speakers to test its validity. The findings demonstrate that the framework effectively elicits diverse subjective motion types, capturing language-specific regularities while pointing to cross-linguistically applicable principles of motion construal. By linking corpus evidence to experimental validation, the study provides a systematic and replicable approach that can be extended to future cross-linguistic research on motion and language.

Core‐Shell: Resolving the Dilemma of Hard Carbon Anodes by Sealing Nanoporous Particles With Semi‐Permeable Coatings

Abstract A core‐shell strategy is introduced to overcome the dilemma of common non‐graphitic hard carbon anodes, linking high reversible storage capacity to practically unacceptable irreversible losses in the first cycle(s). Just as graphite homogeneously combines effective lithium storage with an electrolyte solvent‐sieving function, we show that both of these functions could be strategically integrated into non‐graphitic carbons in a heterogeneous structure. Highly porous activated carbons are sealed by kinetically tuned gas‐phase deposition of non‐graphitic carbon to form a functional core‐shell structure. Gas sorption porosimetry on core, shell, core–shell, and cracked core‐shell particles confirms preserved core porosity and a semi‐permeable shell. Diethyl carbonate sorption analysis is introduced as a more suitable probe than N 2 or CO 2 sorption, linking first‐cycle losses to the liquid–solid interface of carbon anodes. The functional core‐shell particles with much reduced diethyl carbonate uptake allow for high storage capacity and reduced first cycle losses. Delivering 400 ± 24 mAh g − 1 with 82 ± 2% first‐cycle reversibility, it is shown that three‐stage Na storage in designed core‐shell anodes can compensate for the larger size of sodium compared to lithium stored in graphite anodes (372 mAh g −1 ). The designed core‐shell anodes show state‐of‐the‐art performance with commercial promise.

Constitutive activation of TGF-β receptor type I promotes cortical and cancellous bone formation in adult mice

Transforming growth factor β (TGF-β) is a pluripotent cytokine that plays a pivotal role in regulating bone remodeling. In this study, we investigated the skeletal phenotype of 24-week-old transgenic female mice expressing a constitutively active TGF-β receptor type I ( T β RI ) under the control of inducible Mx1-Cre promoter. Poly(I:C) injection was used to induce expression of T β RI to generate Mx1;T β RI CA mice. In Mx1;T β RI CA mice, serum calcium levels were increased, while parathyroid hormone (PTH) levels were decreased. Micro-computed tomography (μCT) analysis revealed a significant increase in cancellous and cortical bone volume in femurs and mandibles of Mx1;T β RI CA mice compared to wild type mice. Histomorphometric analysis confirmed that this enhanced bone volume was associated with an increased number of osteoblasts and a reduced number of osteoclasts. Constitutive T β RI activation resulted in increased alkaline phosphatase and mineralization in primary cultures, while osteoclast cultures from Mx1;T β RI CA mice formed decreased TRAP positive osteoclasts compared to wild-type mice. Furthermore, qPCR analysis demonstrated upregulation of osteoblast differentiation markers, including Runx2 , Sp7 , Alpl , Col1a1, and Ptch2 , while osteoclast-related genes such as Ctsk and Acp5 were downregulated in both femoral and mandibular bone in vivo . Similarly, osteoblast-related genes were increased in Mx1;T β RI CA osteoblasts, whereas osteoclast-related genes were decreased in Mx1;T β RI CA osteoclasts in vitro . Mx1;T β RI CA mice had increased microindentation. These results suggest that constitutive activation of TGF-β signaling promotes bone formation by stimulating osteoblast number while suppressing osteoclast number. This study highlights the important role of TGF-β in bone remodeling and homeostasis and may provide potential therapeutic targets for T β RI -associated bone diseases.

Visual perturbation training to reduce visual dependency in Parkinson’s disease: A randomized controlled trial

Introduction Decreased gait automaticity and increased visual dependency are important contributors to falls in people with Parkinson’s disease. The aim of this study was to assess if visual perturbation training during treadmill walking decreases visual dependency in people with Parkinson’s disease. Materials and methods For this randomized controlled trial 25 early-to-mid-stage people with Parkinson’s disease (age 50-67y) without regular freezing of gait were randomly assigned to a visual perturbation group or treadmill training-only control group. Both groups trained 2 times per week for 6 weeks. Visual perturbation training consisted of self-paced treadmill walking with perturbations applied as rotations around the sagittal axis and medio-lateral translations of the virtual reality environment. The primary outcome was visual dependency. Secondary outcomes included steady-state spatiotemporal gait parameters (gait speed, step time/length/width/frequency, and cadence), as well as self-reported (near) falls. Results Group x time interaction effects revealed that visual perturbation training significantly decreased visual dependency (p < 0.001) and improved temporal gait characteristics such as step time (p = 0.012), stride time (p = 0.021) and cadence (p = 0.018) compared to treadmill-only controls. However, no significant effects were found for step width, step length, gait speed, and (near) falls. Improvements in visual dependency were negatively correlated to disease progression (p = 0.004). Discussion: Visual perturbation training decreases visual dependency and improves temporal gait parameters in people with Parkinson’s disease. Participants in earlier disease stages appear to benefit most from visual perturbation training but additional research is needed. Clinical trial registration This study was pre-registered at ClinicalTrials.gov (NCT05690308) on 09/01/2023.

Hydrogel‐Based Airway‐on‐Tube With Perfusable Endothelial Lumen and Outward Epithelialization

ABSTRACT Chronic lung diseases are a leading cause of mortality worldwide, yet therapeutic options remain limited. A major barrier to pulmonary drug development is the lack of preclinical models that recapitulate lung complexity. While recent airway‐on‐chip models have advanced by integrating vascular and extracellular matrix (ECM) components, these are largely limited to planar configurations. Only a few tubular designs exist, yet they generally lack a perfusable vascular compartment that supports dynamic endothelial‐epithelial interactions. To address this gap, we introduce an airway‐on‐tube that integrates an engineered ECM (EnECM) hydrogel, tuned to match lung tissue stiffness, with a tubular melt electrowritten (MEW) scaffold. The MEW reinforces the EnECM hydrogel for dynamic culture without affecting cell behavior. The tubular EnECM/MEW construct incorporates patient‐derived primary human lung microvascular endothelial cells embedded within the EnECM hydrogel, forming a perfusable endothelial lumen, while primary human bronchial epithelial cells are cultured on the outer (abluminal) surface, establishing an outward‐facing epithelium at the air‐liquid interface (ALI). Pulsatile perfusion through the endothelial lumen delivers nutrients and mechanical cues (shear stress and cyclic stretch) while maintaining ALI culture. Together, this study establishes a versatile hydrogel‐based platform for next‐generation airway‐on‐chip models, opening new opportunities for preclinical lung research and precision therapeutic development.

Resistivity method-based rock core orientation experimental protocol

Restoring core orientation is critical for subsurface characterization but remains challenging as over 99% of cores are obtained through conventional drilling. We propose a novel, non-destructive method based on discrete radial resistivity measurements of full-diameter cylindrical cores. Unlike image-matching techniques, our approach directly correlates azimuthal resistivity values with downhole electrical imaging logs, eliminating the need for specialized software. This method reduces measurement time to less than 8 hours per sample and increases throughput to ~150 samples per operator annually, representing a 3–3.75-fold efficiency gain. Applied to Well ST12, it achieved an orientation accuracy of ±15° in anisotropic reservoirs. Measurement accuracy can also be improved as needed. The technique offers a cost-effective, scalable, and widely applicable solution for orienting conventionally acquired cores, enabling enhanced geological and geomechanical analysis.

Outside Front Cover: Dual Circularly Polarized Luminescence from Chiral Boron‐Embedded Polycyclic Aromatic Hydrocarbons (Angew. Chem. Int. Ed. 10/2026)

Biomass‐Derived Ion‐Selective Binder Modulates Zn ²⁺ Solvation Enabling High‐Capacity Cathodes in Aqueous Zinc Batteries

Abstract The electrochemical performance of aqueous zinc batteries (AZBs) critically relies on advanced binders to regulate the solvation structure of hydrated Zn 2+ and accelerate the redox kinetics at the cathode interface. However, conventional hydrophobic polyvinylidene fluoride (PVDF) binders fail to achieve this goal due to their weak interactions with H 2 O and Zn 2+ . Here, we present a bioinspired sulfate‐rich polysaccharide binder network derived from marine ι‐carrageenan (CAG), which mimics biological ion channels to enable selective ion coordination and dynamic hydration regulation. By establishing dual ion‐selective coordination sites, the zincophilic ─OSO 3 − and hydrophilic ─OH groups of CAG form Zn 2+ ─OSO 3 − and H 2 O─OH interactions, effectively disrupting the primary solvation shell of Zn 2+ ─H 2 O and accelerating Zn 2+ desolvation kinetics, thereby enabling adaptive ion transport across the cathode interface. Consequently, Zn||CAG@Mn 0.15 V 2 O 5 ·nH 2 O batteries deliver an ultrahigh capacity of 421 mAh g −1 at 0.6 A g −1 , which is 76% higher than PVDF‐based counterparts (239 mAh g −1 ). This water‐processable binder demonstrates universal applicability across various cathode materials (e.g., MnO 2 , V 2 O 5 , and organics), providing a green, scalable solution for high‐performance AZBs. This study establishes a biomimetic binder design paradigm, where sulfate‐hydroxyl dual coordination emulates biological ion transport, enabling precise regulation of Zn 2+ solvation and interfacial chemistry.

Enzymatic hydrolysis of starch from the anthocyanin extraction residue (AER-starch) with ultrasound pretreatment: A techno-economic assessment

Purple yam ( Dioscorea alata ) is a tropical tuber crop that is a source of anthocyanins and starch. Starch can be isolated from the large quantity of extraction residues and become a raw material for hydrolyzate production. Ultrasound pretreatment was evaluated in consecutive enzymatic hydrolysis (UCEH) and simultaneous enzymatic hydrolysis (USEH) of starch from anthocyanin extraction residue (AER-starch). A techno-economic assessment was performed. Ultrasound pretreatment showed a positive influence on CEH and SEH. The hydrolysis degree (HD) was higher in CEH (72.87 ± 3.01%) than in SEH (28.10 ± 1.32%). CEH performed better than SEH, primarily due to the thermal instability of the enzymes. Enzymatic hydrolysis solubilized almost all AER-starch. Starch conversion (SC) above 90% was achieved for all CEH experiments using AER-starch concentrations ranging from 10 to 50 g L -1 . The cost of manufacturing (COM) for glucose syrup using AER concentrations of 10 and 350 g L -1 was US$61.25 kg −1 and US$2.90 kg −1 , respectively, when the purchasing cost for AER-starch was US$1.50 kg −1 . The CRM was the major component of the COM (above 50%) when AER-starch concentrations were higher than 100 g L -1 , AER-starch being the primary raw material contributing to the COM. The production of the glucose syrup was economically feasible when the AER-starch purchasing price was under US$1.20 kg -1 and the selling price was at least US$3.50 kg -1 .

Outside Back Cover: Stability Thresholds of Atomically Dispersed Platinum Catalysts for Solar Hydrogen Production (Angew. Chem. Int. Ed. 10/2026)

Research on the management of the system construction of National parks with China characteristics: Evidence from policy texts

Quantitative evaluation of China’s national park policy texts is an important window to understand its national park governance logic, top-level design of ecological protection, and future practice. This study focuses on three key areas: the central government’s top-level design of national parks, local government responses, and the heterogeneity of these responses. By analyzing 77 national park policies in China, the following conclusions are drawn: (1) The central government’s vision for the national park system emphasizes ecological conservation and sustainable livelihoods for indigenous communities. (2) There are significant differences between local governments in the specific implementation of national park policies. (3) The first five established national parks show significant differences in terms of conservation objectives, integrated management practices, spatial planning, industrial development directions. Its findings offer valuable inspiration for developing countries to establish national parks protection systems and provide direct reference for global biodiversity governance. And it will also play a key role in achieving the action-oriented global goals of Kunming-Montreal Global Biodiversity Framework.

Factors associated with survival after pediatric in-hospital cardiac arrest: A national database analysis 2015–2022

Background Pediatric in-hospital cardiac arrest (IHCA) is frequently fatal, and evidence from middle-income settings needed to guide quality improvement is sparse. We used nationwide Thai data to quantify incidence and mortality trends, describe long-term outcomes, and identify associated factors for post-discharge death after pediatric IHCA. Methods We performed a retrospective cohort study using the Thai National Health Security Office database encompassing all hospitalizations under the universal health-coverage scheme from 1 January 2015–31 December 2022. Children <18 years with IHCA were identified by ICD-10-TM codes I46.0/I46.1/I46.9 plus at least one resuscitation procedure code (ICD-9-CM 99.60/99.62/99.63). All-cause mortality through 31 December 2023 was obtained via linkage to the national civil registry. Results Among 13.2 million pediatric admissions, 20,590 IHCAs were recorded (incidence 1.57/1,000). Incidence declined from 1.8/1,000 in 2015–2016 to 1.2/1,000 in 2022. In-hospital mortality was 62.7% (12,905/20,590). Of 7,253 survivors with follow-up (median 67 months), 2,149 (29.6%) died post-discharge. Multivariable analysis identified metabolic acidosis (adjusted hazard ratio [aHR] 1.50; 95% confidence interval [CI] 1.32–1.71) and hypoglycemia (aHR 1.54; 95% CI 1.25–1.89) as significant associated diagnoses with long-term mortality. Furthermore, diagnoses consistent with severe organ dysfunction, including disseminated intravascular coagulation (aHR 1.51; 95% CI 1.24–1.85), acute liver failure (aHR 1.42; 95% CI 1.10–1.84), and anoxic brain injury (aHR 1.23; 95% CI 1.05–1.44), were also significantly correlated with increased mortality; however, the timing of these diagnoses relative to the cardiac arrest could not be determined. Conclusions Pediatric IHCA in Thailand remains highly fatal despite recent declines in incidence and in-hospital mortality. During a median follow-up of 67 months, nearly one-third of survivors died after discharge, underscoring the substantial long-term mortality burden. Metabolic derangements and organ dysfunction were strongly associated with post-discharge mortality, highlighting the need for targeted strategies to improve both survival and long-term outcomes.

Enhanced‐mRNA Delivery Using Ultrasound‐Delivered Anchors for Bioorthogonal Ligation

Abstract Therapeutic nucleic acid delivery has many potential applications, but it remains challenging to target extrahepatic tissues in a flexible and image‐guided manner. To address this issue, we report a bioorthogonal pre‐targeting strategy that uses focused ultrasound (FUS) to promote the delivery of mRNA‐loaded lipid nanoparticles (mRNA‐LNP). We synthesized amphiphilic click reactive anchors (ACRAs) consisting of a phospholipid PEG‐conjugate functionalized with trans‐cyclooctene (TCO) or its companion reactive partner methyltetrazine (mTz), producing ACRA‐TCO and ACRA‐mTz. ACRA derivatives were screened for cellular activity, yielding functionalized DOPE‐PEG (1,2‐dioleoyl‐sn‐glycero‐3‐phosphoethanolamine‐N‐(polyethylene glycol)) derivatives outperforming those containing saturated lipid or branched PEG. Nanobubbles encapsulating ultrasound‐responsive gas delivered ACRA‐TCO to targeted cells and tissues using FUS. This pre‐targeting promoted the subsequent delivery of mRNA‐LNP functionalized with companion ACRA‐mTz. Ultrasound pre‐targeting enhanced the accumulation of mTz‐functionalized nanoparticles in cell cultures and mice by 75% and up to 3.6‐fold, respectively, and increased gene expression using mRNA‐LNP in vivo. Microbubbles loaded with ACRA roughly doubled mRNA delivery to the heart, while ultrasound alone did not. Taken together, this report presents a modular, ultrasound‐enabled strategy for enhancing nucleic acid delivery in targeted tissues.

Gestational diabetes–Risk factors and outcomes among American Samoan Women (GROW): A longitudinal cohort study protocol

Background Gestational diabetes mellitus (GDM) is linked with adverse health outcomes for both mother and infant and increases the risk of type 2 diabetes mellitus (T2DM) and long-term metabolic dysfunction postpartum. American Samoa experiences among the highest prevalence of GDM globally, with estimates suggesting 26–42% of women develop the condition. To date, no studies have attempted to understand the underlying etiology of GDM in Pacific Islanders or examine population-specific progression from GDM to T2DM. The GROW study will characterize glucose homeostasis, diabetes progression, and the impact of a Pacific-specific variant (rs373863828) in the CREBRF gene, which is known to protect against T2DM, on glucose metabolism during and after pregnancy. Methods We will establish a prospective cohort study of 350 pregnant women in American Samoa, enrolled in their first trimester and followed through 18 months postpartum. Participants will be genotyped for CREBRF rs373863828 and undergo frequently-sampled oral glucose tolerance test (fs-OGTTs), glycated hemoglobin (HbA1c), and continuous glucose monitoring (CGM) measurements to identify glycemic patterns across the perinatal period. Participants will complete questionnaires assessing reproductive health history, diet, physical activity, sleep, and psychosocial health. We will examine associations between CREBRF genotype and glucose homeostasis across pregnancy and postpartum and evaluate risk of GDM and subsequent T2DM. We will also explore associations between CREBRF genotype, changes in insulin secretion in pregnancy, and risk of adverse birth outcomes. Discussion Findings from this study are expected to inform precision medicine approaches to diabetes prevention, refine public health policies and clinical guidelines, and support community-based interventions aimed at reducing GDM and T2DM among Pacific Islander women and more broadly.

Nickel‐Catalyzed Enantioselective Reductive Heck Reaction of Olefins with Aryl Bromides and Chlorides Enabled by Chiral NHC Ligands

Abstract Despite significant advances in catalytic asymmetric reductive Heck reaction, most reported methods rely on highly reactive aryl electrophiles and exhibit a limited olefin scope. Expanding this transformation to employ more abundant and cost‐effective aryl bromides and chlorides with common olefins has remained a major challenge, owing to the inertness of C─Br and C─Cl bonds and the resulting difficulty in achieving chemo‐, regio‐, and stereocontrol. Here, we report that nickel catalysts combined with chiral dihydroimidazolium‐derived N ‐heterocyclic carbene ligands bearing remote meta ‐substitution enable highly efficient and enantioselective reductive Heck reaction of a broad range of olefins—including styrenes, 1,3‐dienes, and aliphatic alkenes—with aryl bromides and chlorides. Experimental studies and DFT calculations elucidated the origins of stereo induction and structure–reactivity relationships. This robust methodology provides streamlined access to structurally diverse, enantioenriched benzylic frameworks.

Expression of recombinant human glutamylating TTLLs in human cells leads to differential tubulin glutamylation patterns, with only TTLL6 disrupting microtubule dynamics

Polyglutamylation, a post-translational modification (PTM) catalyzed by a subset of Tubulin Tyrosine Ligase-Like (TTLL) family enzymes, regulates microtubule dynamics through its influence on interactions with microtubule-associated, motor, and severing proteins, and has recently also been implicated in genetic and neurodegenerative diseases. In this study, we characterized the glutamylation activity of various glutamylating TTLLs in human embryonic kidney 293T (HEK293T) cells, revealing distinct patterns of mono- and polyglutamylation among TTLL family members, with TTLL4 and TTLL11 exhibiting the strongest chain initiation and elongation activities, respectively. We found that TTLL6 expression uniquely decreased microtubule stability, with live-cell imaging of end-binding protein (EB3) showing a TTLL6-induced decrease in microtubule stability. To explore therapeutic modulation of TTLL activity, we tested LDC10, a novel TTLL inhibitor, which successfully blocked glutamylation across all TTLLs investigated in this study, while also reversing the microtubule-destabilizing effects of TTLL6. These findings identify a potential pathogenic role of TTLL6 in microtubule dynamics and highlight LDC10 as a promising pharmacological tool to counteract TTLL-induced microtubule destabilization.