Browse Articles
Discover research articles across all indexed journals
Persuading voters using human–artificial intelligence dialogues
Spread of ST11-O13/KL47 hypervirulent carbapenem-resistant Klebsiella pneumoniae isolates in China
Optimal sizing and rule-based management of hybrid microgrids using SSA for rural electrification
In situ structural mechanism of epothilone-B-induced CNS axon regeneration
Abstract Axons in the adult central nervous system (CNS) do not regenerate following injury, in contrast to neurons in the peripheral nervous system and neuronal growth during embryonic development. The molecular mechanisms that prevent regeneration of neurons in the CNS remain largely unknown 1,2 . Here, to address the intracellular response to injury, we developed an in situ cryo-electron tomography and cryo-electron microscopy platform to mimic axonal damage and present the structural mechanism underlying thalamic axon regeneration induced by the drug epothilone B. We observed that stabilized microtubules extend beyond the injury site, generating membrane tension and driving membrane expansion. Cryo-electron microscopy reveals the in situ structure of microtubules at 3.19 Å resolution, which engage epothilone B within the microtubule lattice at the regenerating front. During repair, tubulin clusters are delivered and incorporated into polymerizing microtubules at the regenerating site. These microtubule shoots serve as scaffolds for various types of vesicles and endoplasmic reticulum, facilitating the supply of materials necessary for axon repair until membrane tension normalizes. We demonstrate the unexpected ability of neuronal cells to adjust to strain induced by epothilone B, which creates homeostatic imbalances and activates axons to regeneration mode.
Screen-printed flexible carbon electrodes for efficient neural impulse transmission
Abstract The paper presents research on the electrical performance of carbon-based electrodes printed by screen printing technique. The electrodes are studied with respect to their potential application as conductors of neural impulses in the treatment of neural system disorders. Three types of carbon are considered, i.e. graphite, carbon black, and graphene. The electrodes of various dimensions were printed on thin Mylar-A PET foil from Micel Sp. z o.o., Poland. The electrical performance of the electrodes is verified on a single rectangular electrical impulse. The ability of each electrode to conduct the input impulse is reported. Also, the electrical properties are measured and correlated with the conductive characteristics. The results demonstrate that graphite- and carbon-black-based electrodes provide superior electrical signal transmission, whereas graphene electrodes underperform. This finding suggests directions for future research on neural printable interfaces using carbon.
Societal crises disrupt long-term increases in stress, negativity, and simplicity in US Billboard song lyrics from 1973 to 2023
Measurement properties of the Spanish version of assessment of survivor concerns in cancer patients
Structural and electrochemical insights into bismuth-based metal organic framework for capacitive applications
Abstract The growing need for efficient energy storage has revealed key limitations in conventional battery-type electrodes, particularly their low electrical conductivity and limited cycling stability. To address this issue, a Bi-1,4-benzenedicarboxylate (Bi-OF) metal organic framework was synthesized in the form of nanosheets using a simple solvothermal method. The structure of Bi-OF was examined using Fourier transform infrared spectroscopy (FTIR), X-ray diffraction (XRD), scanning electron microscopy (SEM), and transmission electron microscopy (TEM). The Bi-OF material was used to modify the glassy carbon electrode (GCE), and its electrochemical performance was systematically evaluated. Its electrochemical behavior was evaluated through cyclic voltammetry (CV), charge-discharge (CD) testing, and electrochemical impedance spectroscopy (EIS). The Bi-OF electrode achieved a high specific capacitance of 1797.88 C·g⁻¹ (1284.2 F·g⁻¹) at 2.0 A·g −1 . It also showed low internal resistance (110 Ω) and maintained 84.7% of its initial capacitance after 3000 cycles. These results suggest that Bi-OF is a promising candidate for high-performance and environmentally friendly supercapacitor applications.
A workflow integrating organ-on-chip culture and correlative 3D light and electron microscopy for microtissue analysis
Abstract Correlative microscopy approaches offer powerful means to study tissue development across spatial scales, but combining 3D light and electron imaging remains technically challenging. Here, we present a practical workflow that integrates organ-on-a-chip culture with longitudinal fluorescence imaging and volume electron microscopy. By modifying an existing chip platform designed for aligned tissue growth, we demonstrate the feasibility of extended 3D live imaging and subsequent high-pressure freezing of intact microtissues. Fluorescence-guided targeting enables focused ion beam/scanning electron microscopy (FIB/SEM) of selected regions, revealing ultrastructural features such as cellular organization, collagen alignment, and matrix mineralization. While not aimed at new biological discoveries, this study highlights the compatibility and potential of this pipeline for future high-resolution, multiscale studies of tissue morphogenesis and pathology in controlled microenvironments.
The double-edged sword effect of adverse childhood experiences forging adult stress into depression and anxiety
The correlation between table tennis players’ reaction agility and stroke effect
Integrative severity scale for diabetic macular atrophy and ischemia using structural OCT and OCT angiography
Correction: A new band selection approach integrated with physical reflectance autoencoders and albedo recovery for hyperspectral image classification
A numerical framework for an electrically-charged PCM brick to reduce winter peak heating demand
Abstract The substantial peak electrical demand for space heating in cold and freezing climates poses a significant challenge to grid stability and energy affordability. This study proposes and numerically investigates a novel active thermal energy storage system integrated directly into a building brick to address this challenge. The system features an encapsulated Phase Change Material (PCM) composite, enhanced with a high-conductivity copper oxide foam, and is coupled with a low-wattage electrical heating element. This design enables the brick to function as a ‘thermal battery,’ charging with off-peak electricity and discharging heat during peak demand periods. A comprehensive computational fluid dynamics (CFD) model was developed to analyze the system’s performance under severe winter conditions, with ambient temperatures as low as − 30 °C and varying electrical power inputs. The results demonstrate a profound improvement in the indoor thermal environment. While an unheated brick’s surface dropped to − 5 °C, the active system maintained it above a stable + 8 °C, delivering a peak heat output of over 150 W/m² to the living space. This effective load shifting reduced the wall’s net daily energy loss by nearly 70%, significantly lessening the burden on the primary HVAC system during peak hours. The findings confirm that the proposed active PCM-brick is a highly effective and viable solution for peak-shaving, enhancing occupant comfort, and improving the energy resilience of buildings in cold climates.
Extreme rainfall poses the biggest risk to Mumbai’s most vulnerable people
Stimulator of interferon genes immunohistochemical expression in the spectrum of extrarenal perivascular epithelioid cell lesions
Extracellular processing of proopiomelanocortin generates short beta endorphin that regulates rat keratinocytes via the delta opioid receptor
Discovering state-of-the-art reinforcement learning algorithms
Visual field–based reaction time as a novel indicator for early detection of mild cognitive impairment
Abstract Early detection of mild cognitive impairment (MCI) is vital for timely intervention to delay or prevent progression to dementia. Gaze behavior analysis has been shown to differentiate individuals with MCI from cognitively healthy older adults. This study aimed to examine visual processing differences between cognitively healthy older adults and those with MCI, focusing on central and Useful Field of View (UFOV) tasks. Participants completed a central visual field task and a UFOV task. Reaction times, omission and commission errors, and visual orienting frequency were measured. Group comparisons were conducted. For variables showing significant differences, receiver operating characteristic curve analysis evaluated discriminatory accuracy and optimal cutoff values. No significant group differences emerged in the central task. In the UFOV task, patients with MCI demonstrated significantly slower reaction times than controls. The optimal UFOV reaction time cutoff was 598.1 ms, with 90.3% sensitivity, 72.1% specificity, and an area under the curve of 0.841. Older adults with MCI exhibit delayed visual processing under UFOV conditions. Reaction time in the UFOV task may serve as a sensitive, practical behavioral marker for early MCI detection.