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Research on the influencing factors of user engagement in tourism short video from the perspective of configuration

Tourism short videos have become a crucial means for disseminating information and promoting tourism destinations, with user engagement directly impacting their spread and the long-term development of tourism industries. Taking Xi’an as a case study, this paper constructs a framework for influencing factors of user engagement in tourism short videos from three dimensions: content, society, and technology, based on the theory of communication ecology. By blending multiple regression analysis with fuzzy-set qualitative comparative analysis (fsQCA), we explore the factors that influence user engagement in tourism short videos and further clarify the configurational causal relationships among these factors. This study found that: Content level (video type, scene quantity, scene representation, title sentence), social level (blogger type, blogger influence, blogger activity), and technological level (narrative way, background music, advertising information) significantly impact user engagement in tourism short videos. No single factor can solely constitute a necessary condition for promoting high user engagement. User engagement is actually the result of a combination of multiple factors. Notably, social level factors play a pervasive role in fostering active user engagement in tourism short videos. Further, fsQCA analysis identifies six conditional configurations that lead to high user engagement, categorizing them into three path types: content-driven, dual-dimensional co-driven, and comprehensive linkage. This study reveals the complex logic behind user engagement in tourism short videos, providing valuable insights for content marketing and promotional strategies of tourism short videos.

Identifying topological phases through global and local symmetries of the quantum transfer matrix

Prevalence and factors associated with adverse birth outcomes among women with chronic hypertension in Rangpur: A multi-center cross-sectional study

Background Hypertension affects approximately 3–5% of pregnancies globally, with an increased risk of adverse birth outcomes (ABOs) among mothers with chronic hypertension, which poses a significant public health challenge. Despite global evidence, there is a lack of studies in Bangladesh specifically investigating the impact of chronic hypertension on birth outcomes. Therefore, the study aims to find the prevalence and factors associated with adverse birth outcomes among women with chronic hypertension who delivered in health facilities. Methods An institution-based multi-center cross-sectional study was conducted in 3 different maternity and child hospitals in Rangpur City between June 2023 and September 2023 and recruited 342 hypertensive females who gave birth in an institutional setting within the last 6 months. The outcome variable was the adverse birth outcomes. For the statistical analysis, STATA version 17.0 was used. Descriptive analysis, Pearson’s chi-square test, and both the bivariable and multivariable binary logistic regression analyses were conducted to determine the association between birth outcomes and covariates. Result The overall prevalence of adverse birth outcomes among the study participants was 36% (95% CI: 30.87, 41.30). Among the study participants, mothers belonging to a family with higher income (AOR: 3.09; 95% CI: 1.51, 6.30), participants with complicated pregnancies (AOR: 2.55; 95% CI: 1.55, 4.21), mothers who had at least one danger sign present in their last pregnancy (AOR: 2.21; 95% CI: 1.17, 4.15), exposure to secondhand smoke during their pregnancy (AOR: 3.33; 95% CI: 1.16, 9.60) were significantly associated with adverse birth outcomes among hypertensive pregnant women. Conclusion This study observed a high prevalence of adverse birth outcomes among pregnant women with chronic hypertension who had an institutional delivery. The finding warrants immediate community-based action focused on the important factors to reduce adverse birth outcomes among hypertensive mothers. Further longitudinal studies are needed to identify any causal association between important variables and adverse birth outcomes.

Synthesis, molecular docking, ADMET studies and biological evaluation of fused pyrazolopyridopyrimidine derivatives as antioxidant and antimicrobial agents

Abstract This study describes the design, synthesis, and biological evaluation of fused pyrazolopyridopyrimidine analogues as potential antimicrobial and antioxidant agents. The chemical structures of the newly synthesized compounds were confirmed by elemental analyses and spectroscopic methods. The compounds were screened for antimicrobial activity against Escherichia coli ATCC 25,915, Staphylococcus aureus ATCC 25,923, Enterococcus faecalis ATCC 29,212, Pseudomonas aeruginosa ATCC 10,145, and Streptococcus mutans ATCC 25,175. Compound 7 exhibited pronounced inhibitory effects. Evaluation of antioxidant potential using the DPPH radical scavenging assay revealed that compound 15 displayed superior activity, with inhibition values of 44.44 ± 0.80%, 16.50 ± 0.90%, and 0.0% at concentrations of 2.0, 1.0, and 0.5 mg/mL, respectively. To elucidate the molecular basis of these activities, docking studies were performed, which demonstrated favorable binding interactions with key microbial and antioxidant-related targets. Furthermore, ADMET profiling and drug-likeness assessments confirmed that compounds 7, 9, 11, and 15 adhere to Lipinski’s Rule of Five, suggesting favorable oral bioavailability and promising pharmacokinetic properties. Taken together, these findings highlight fused pyrazolopyridopyrimidines as structurally promising scaffolds for the development of novel antimicrobial and antioxidant therapeutics, warranting further structural optimization and preclinical investigation.

Prevalence and determinants of work-related ocular symptoms among dentists of Bangladesh: A cross-sectional study

Objectives The present study aims to investigate the prevalence of work-related ocular symptoms and their associated factors among Bangladeshi dentists. Methods This cross-sectional study was conducted among 747 practicing dental surgeons working in government and private facilities across Bangladesh. Participants were recruited using snowball sampling, and an online semi-structured questionnaire was used for data collection. The study collected sociodemographic information, clinical practice details, and ocular symptoms-related information. Regarding ocular symptoms, the participants were asked to report the occurrence of common ocular symptoms (e.g., eye itching, eye pain, blurring) in the last month. Results The study found a high prevalence of ocular symptoms among dentists, with the most common being eye itching (46.85%), blurring of vision (41.1%), and eye pain (40.7%). Female dentists were more likely to report ocular symptoms, with males having lower odds of eye pain (AOR: 0.53, 95% CI: 0.40–0.85) and itching (AOR: 0.58, 95% CI: 0.40–0.85). Smoking was a strong predictor of eye pain (AOR: 1.33, 95% CI: 1.19–3.11) and itching (AOR: 1.92, 95% CI: 1.19–3.11). Dentists working > 28 hours per week (AOR: 1.91, 95% CI: 1.07–3.44) and attending >5 patients/day (AOR: 1.51, 95% CI: 1.08–2.12) had higher odds of developing eye pain, while routine ocular checkups were associated with lower odds of eye pain (AOR: 0.62, 95% CI: 0.44–0.89). Conclusion Ocular symptoms are highly prevalent among Bangladeshi dentists, emphasizing the need for regular eye checkups, ergonomic practices, and workload adjustments to mitigate occupational risk factors and protect visual health.

Cirsiliol alleviates diabetic cardiomyopathy by inhibiting oxidative stress and improving energy metabolism through the PPAR-α/AMPK pathway

Abstract Diabetic cardiomyopathy (DCM) is a core cause of heart failure in diabetic patients, with major pathological features including myocardial energy metabolism disorders, mitochondrial dysfunction, oxidative stress, and inflammatory cascades. This study investigates the mechanism by which the flavonoid compound Cirsiliol improves DCM by regulating the peroxisome proliferator-Activated receptor α (PPAR-α)/AMP-activated protein kinase (AMPK) signaling pathway. Using a high-glucose-treated H9C2 myocardial cell model and a streptozotocin-induced diabetic mouse model, the results show that Cirsiliol can dose-dependently increase myocardial cell survival, inhibit high-glucose-induced apoptosis, and significantly improve cardiac function in diabetic mice. Mechanistic studies indicate that Cirsiliol activates the PPAR-α/AMPK pathway, upregulates the expression of key fatty acid oxidation enzymes carnitine palmitoyltransferase 1 (CPT1) and p-acetyl-CoA carboxylase (ACC), restores mitochondrial membrane potential, reduces lipid peroxidation product malondialdehyde (MDA) levels, enhances superoxide dismutase activity, and inhibits the release of inflammatory factors such as Interleukin 6 (IL-6) and Tumor Necrosis Factor α (TNF-α). This study elucidates that Cirsiliol intervenes in energy metabolism imbalance, oxidative stress, and inflammatory responses through multiple targets, providing a new strategy for the treatment of DCM.

Correction: Targeting NLRP3 and AIM2 signaling pathways by Viscosol alleviates metabolic dysregulations induced inflammatory responses in diabetic neuro- and nephropathy: An in silico and in vivo study

Influence of heating rate and soak time on microwave sintered hydroxyapatite and β-tricalcium phosphate ceramics for bone applications

Abstract Calcium phosphate-based bio-ceramics, particularly hydroxyapatite (HA) and β-tricalcium phosphate (β-TCP), have gained prominence in biomedical engineering due to their biocompatibility and resemblance to natural bone mineral. However, the non-degradability of HA and the rapid resorption of β-TCP pose challenges for bone scaffold applications. Biphasic calcium phosphate (BCP) composites, combining HA and β-TCP, offer a promising solution by achieving a controlled degradation profile. In this study, HA-TCP ceramics were fabricated using a novel microwave sintering technique to investigate the influence of ramp temperature rate and soak time on the microstructural and mechanical properties of sintered pellets. A ceramic composite with an 80:20 weight ratio of TCP and HA was prepared, and a polyvinyl alcohol (PVA) binder was used to optimize pellet formation. The sintering process was conducted at 1200 °C under varying heating rates (15 °C/min, 25 °C/min, and 35 °C/min) and soak times (30, 45, and 60 min). Results revealed that a ramp temperature rate of 35 °C/min with a soak time of 45 min achieved optimal outcomes, including reduced porosity (26.158%) and increased compressive strength (39.15 MPa). Higher heating for a longer time leads to phase change from β-TCP to α-TCP. Additionally, prolonged soak time during slow cooling resulted in phase transformations from α-TCP to β-TCP, which impacted the mechanical properties. Microwave sintering demonstrated significant advantages, including reduced processing time, energy efficiency, and enhanced densification. This study establishes optimized parameters for the fabrication of HA-TCP ceramics with tailored porosity and mechanical properties, providing a foundation for the development of advanced bone scaffolds in biomedical engineering.

A multiple filter-wrapper feature selection algorithm based on process optimization mechanism for high-dimensional omics data analysis

Recently, hybrid feature selection methods have demonstrated excellent performance on high-dimensional data, but many of these methods tend to yield relatively homogeneous feature subsets. To address this, we propose a novel hybrid feature selection algorithm called the Hybrid Multiple Filter-Wrapper algorithm. This algorithm employs a dual-module structure: Module 1 utilizes the random forest feature importance method to achieve significant dimensionality reduction of the original feature set, resulting in the candidate feature subset F 1 . In Module 2, we first propose a bivariate filter algorithm: the minimum Spearman-Maximum Mutual Information method. This method assesses both the correlation and redundancy of F 1 , whose results are then fed into the wrapper algorithm for further exploration. Furthermore, we integrate two swarm intelligence algorithms to develop the Hybrid Grey Wolf and Chaotic Dung Beetle Wrapper Algorithm. This algorithm incorporates chaos theory to enhance the position update mechanism of the Dung Beetle Algorithm, then embeds Dung Beetle Algorithm into the Grey Wolf Algorithm, thereby balancing exploration and exploitation capabilities. Finally, a process optimization mechanism based on the theory of random laser intensity fluctuations dynamically monitors the optimization process. Upon convergence of the wrapper algorithm to a local optimum, the filter algorithm is restarted, and chaos theory is used to reset the population. This process enhances the diversity of both the candidate feature subset and the population, effectively avoiding local optima. We extensively compare our method with ten hybrid algorithms from the past three years across ten public benchmark datasets from MGE. Experimental results show that our algorithm outperforms the most other algorithms: on all datasets, it achieves an average classification accuracy that is at 1.3% least higher, an average feature subset length that is at least 8 units shorter, and a dimensionality reduced to less than 0.45% of the original. The results are statistically significant.

Home-field advantage: how local research leads to new discoveries

Effects of forward shoulder elevation on spinal excursion at three different speeds

Single-cell nuclear RNA-sequencing reveals dynamic changes in breast muscle cells during the embryonic development of Ding’an goose

Breast muscle is a crucial trait in poultry meat production. Previous studies have identified embryonic day 15 (E15), E21, and E31 as key time points in the breast muscle development of Ding’an goose, yet the specific molecular mechanisms remain unclear. In this study, we analyzed cellular heterogeneity and molecular dynamics at 15th day of embryonic breast muscle of Dingan goose (E15), E21, and E31 by using single-nucleus RNA-sequencing (snRNA-seq) technology. Nine types of cells were discovered, including fibroblast adipogenic progenitor cells (FAPs), myocytes and muscle stem cells (MuSCs), with notable differences among the three developmental stages in terms of cell type and abundance: FAPs and MuSCs gradually decreased from 42.3% and 35.6% (E15) to 15.7% and 12.2% (E31), respectively, while myocytes increased from 18.5% (E15) to 70.1% (E31). Additionally, the distinct heterogeneity of myocytes, MuSCs and FAPs was determined based on the analysis of gene regulatory networks for each cluster. Developmental trajectory analysis identified genes related to the function and development of MuSCs. The identified differentially expressed genes elucidate the molecular mechanisms of cellular dynamic changes during breast muscle development. This study generated a nuclear profile for single muscle cells that played a key role in the development of breast muscle in Ding’an goose embryos. We investigated metabolic changes at the cellular level during three key developmental stages, thereby refining our understanding of the molecular mechanisms underlying pectoral muscle development specifically in embryonic Ding’an goose.

How the Royal Institution made science a seasonal spectacle

Investigating psychosocial stress arising from marker-based optical motion capture and subsequent effects on gait

Abstract Optical motion capture (OMC) requires participants to wear minimal clothing for precise marker placement and involves physical contact with the examiner. We investigate whether the standard OMC procedure induces psychosocial stress in participants and whether it leads to alterations in their gait patterns. Thirty-nine participants took part in a between-groups gait experiment. The OMC group wore short, tight clothing and 39 markers, while the control group wore everyday clothing without markers. Gait was recorded via sagittal-plane video, and gait features (stride times, variability, ranges of motion) were computed from 2-dimensional pose estimation trajectories. Physiological and psychological state changes were assessed using salivary cortisol and self-report questionnaires at multiple time points. Marker placement led to significantly increased negative affect and decreased positive affect among OMC participants, as well as a noticeable but non-significant cortisol response that varied in intensity across individuals. The negative psychological state did not result in significant gait differences on group level, except for late stance knee flexion during slow walking, which may be attributed to reduced pose estimation accuracy due to differences in clothing between groups. Our study suggests that OMC can be used without unwanted gait alterations due to stress at group level. However, contactless measurements that allow participants to wear clothing could alleviate their perceived discomfort.

Psychometric properties of the social isolation and social network scale in community-dwelling older adults: Construct validity, reliability, and sensitivity

Background Social isolation is associated with numerous negative health outcomes in older adults. Despite growing concerns about social disconnection, there remains a need for psychometrically sound instruments that comprehensively assess both social isolation and social networks, particularly in culturally diverse contexts. Objective This study aimed to evaluate the psychometric properties of the newly developed Social Isolation and Social Network (SISN) Scale among community-dwelling older adults in South Korea. Methods A total of 350 community-dwelling older adults aged >65 years completed the SISN and Korean version of the Lubben Social Network Scale (LSNS-K). Psychometric properties were assessed using reliability analysis (internal consistency and test-retest), construct validity (confirmatory factor analysis), and diagnostic accuracy (receiver operating characteristic [ROC] curve analysis). Results The SISN demonstrated excellent internal consistency (Cronbach’s α = 0.94) and test-retest reliability (intraclass correlation coefficient = 0.929, 95% confidence interval [CI]: 0.902–0.948). Confirmatory factor analysis supported the two-dimensional structure of social isolation (χ² (14) = 38.151, root mean square error of approximation [RMSEA] = 0.070, comparative fit index [CFI] = 0.983, Tucker–Lewis index [TLI] = 0.974) and social network (χ² (44) = 106.295, RMSEA = 0.064, CFI = 0.976, TLI = 0.964). The SISN showed a strong correlation with the LSNS-K (r = 0.785, p < .001). ROC curve analysis revealed gooddiscriminative ability (area under the curve = 0.900, 95% CI: 0.866–0.933), with an optimal cutoff score of 3.24 (sensitivity 81.8%, specificity 88.2%) for identifying social isolation risk. Conclusions The SISN provided strong preliminary evidence of reliability and validity as a measure of social isolation and networks among older Korean adults. While these findings support its potential for research and clinical applications, the limited representativeness of the sample warrants cautious interpretation. Future studies with more diverse populations are recommended to strengthen generalizability.

Dynamic decision-making and differential game analysis of ESG-constrained closed-loop supply chains under cap-and-trade regulation

Bridging the cultural divide: Simulated patient encounters to enhance medical students’ cross-cultural competences – A pilot study

There is an increasing awareness of the need to include culture sensitive actions and knowledge in the medical curriculum to ensure quality care for the growing number of culturally and linguistically diverse patients in Polish healthcare system. However, the research on the availability and effectiveness of cultural training for Polish medical students still seems insufficient. This study was designed to evaluate the impact of a simulation-based learning intervention with simulated patients on medical students’ cross-cultural sensitivity, awareness and self-efficacy of their cross-cultural knowledge and skills as well as to collect participants’ opinions about the simulation-based learning experience. The pre-intervention and post-intervention questionnaires consisting of the validated Polish version of a 24-item Intercultural Sensitivity Scale and the self-developed questionnaires evaluating students’ self-efficacy of their abilities were used. Additionally, the post-intervention questionnaire was also used to collect general impressions from the training course. The questionnaires were answered by 70 students participating in a 15-hour cultural content module, including workshops and simulation sessions with simulated patients. Students’ intercultural sensitivity and self-efficacy regarding their cultural knowledge and skills improved significantly post-intervention. Students experienced the simulated encounters as authentic and useful in advancing their cultural understanding and cross-cultural communication skills. Coupled with appreciative students’ feedback, our analysis indicated that classes with simulated patients can serve as a reliable and effective learning method for enhancing cross-cultural competence of future doctors.

Direct deaminative functionalization with N-nitroamines

Large language model-driven knowledge graph reasoning for enhanced semantic segmentation

Exploring the genetic frontier: Unraveling ANRIL, PAI-1, and HNF1α in stroke progression

Background Ischemic stroke poses a notable global public health challenge, with the Kingdom of Saudi Arabia (KSA) being no exception. This multifaceted condition is affected by a combination of factors, including hypertension, diabetes, and genetic influences. The purpose of the present study was to examine the linkage of long noncoding RNAs (such as ANRIL), plasminogen activator inhibitor-1 (PAI-1), and hepatocyte nuclear factor 1 alpha (HNF1α) gene variations with stroke. Leveraging a substantial cohort comprising both stroke patients and healthy individuals from KSA, our research revealed numerous uncommon genetic variations linked to an increased predisposition to stroke. This insight enhances our comprehension of stroke’s genetic underpinnings and can be invaluable in formulating preventive measures, not only in KSA but also on a global scale. Methods In this study we included 100 stroke patients and 100–120 healthy controls from Saudi population. We utilized the amplification refractory mutation system-PCR to genotype the chromosome 9p21 locus, the long noncoding RNA-ANRIL (lncRNA-ANRIL), Hepatocyte Nuclear Factor 1 alpha (HNF1α-A > C [p.I27L]) gene, and the plasminogen activator inhibitor-1 (PAI-1) gene to investigate the association of these gene variations with a stroke. Additionally, WES was performed for 10 stroke patients using the Illumina NovaSeq 6000 platform. Results Our investigation revealed significant associations between stroke patients and healthy controls concerning polymorphic variants of lncRNA-ANRIL (A > C), ANRIL (G > A), HNF1α-A > C, and PAI-1-4G > 5G genes (p < 0.05). Notably, the ANRIL rs1333048-GA genotype exhibited a strong connection with stroke susceptibility in both codominant (OR 2.29, RR 1.54, P < 0.007) and dominant (OR 1.83, RR 1.35, P < 0.034) models, while an overdominant inheritance model demonstrated a protective correlation (OR 0.42, RR 0.64, p < 0.004). Similarly, the ANRIL rs10757278-GG genotype was significantly associated with stroke susceptibility in the codominant (OR 2.80, RR 1.66, P < 0.004) and recessive (OR 3.14, RR 1.62, P < 0.0003) models, with the G allele also displaying a significant association. The HNF1α-TT genotype strongly correlated with stroke risk in the codominant (OR 18.36, RR 9.96, P < 0.048) and recessive (OR 22.14, RR 10.18, P < 0.034) models, with the HNF1α-T allele following a similar trend. The PAI-1-4G-5G genotype was also linked to stroke predisposition (OR 2.09, RR 1.34, P < 0.034) and an increased risk in the dominant model (OR 2.27, RR 1.43, P < 0.006). Furthermore, our study identified several novel and common gene variants in stroke patients through WES, including COL4A2, PSEN2, NOTCH3, and RNF2. Conclusion Our findings underscore the significant role of genetic determinants in chromosome 9p21, the lncRNA-ANRIL, HNF1α-A > C (p.I27L), and PAI-1-4G > 5G genes in elevating the risk of stroke. Additionally, we report low, novel, and intermediate-genetic-risk variants in COL4A2, PSEN2, NOTCH3, and RNF2 through WES, emphasizing the need for further investigation in larger cohort studies.