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Author Correction: TRIM28-mediated nucleocapsid protein SUMOylation enhances SARS-CoV-2 virulence
The Ocean Equity Index
Author Correction: Role of thalamus in human conscious perception revealed by low-intensity focused ultrasound neuromodulation
Deep-sea robots will search for source of mysterious ‘dark oxygen’
Author Correction: Sensitive detection of tumor mutations from blood and its application to immunotherapy prognosis
Multi-omics analysis of a pig-to-human decedent kidney xenotransplant
Large reasoning models are autonomous jailbreak agents
Abstract Jailbreaking – bypassing built-in safety mechanisms in AI models – has traditionally required complex technical procedures or specialized human expertise. In this study, we show that the persuasive capabilities of large reasoning models (LRMs) simplify and scale jailbreaking, converting it into an inexpensive activity accessible to non-experts. We evaluated the capabilities of four LRMs (DeepSeek-R1, Gemini 2.5 Flash, Grok 3 Mini, Qwen3 235B) to act as autonomous adversaries conducting multi-turn conversations with nine widely used target models. LRMs received instructions via a system prompt, before proceeding to planning and executing jailbreaks with no further supervision. We performed extensive experiments with a benchmark of harmful prompts covering several sensitive domains. This setup yielded an overall jailbreak success rate across all model combinations of 97.14%. Our study reveals an alignment regression, in which LRMs can systematically erode the safety guardrails of other models, highlighting the urgent need to further align frontier models not only to resist jailbreak attempts, but also to prevent them from being co-opted into acting as jailbreak agents.
Atomic resolution ensembles of intrinsically disordered proteins with Alphafold
Paper-based fluorescent assay for blood typing and antibody titer determination using long-term ambient-stored bioengineered RBCs
Physiology and immunology of a pig-to-human decedent kidney xenotransplant
Local cloud enhancement associated with urban morphology: evidence from observations and idealized large-eddy simulations
Continuously tunable multistability in DNA replication networks
The focal adhesion kinases regulate leptin action and the weight reducing effect of HDAC6 inhibition
Room-temperature plasticity in Ag2Te induced by Ag ions hopping
FGF 13 functions as a regulator of the ERK/aerobic glycolysis axis in the inflammatory state during septic lung injury
Lasing of a cavity-based X-ray source
Abstract The invention of the laser transformed optics by providing intense, coherent light in the visible region, but extending this concept to X-rays has been hindered by a lack of suitable gain media and mirrors. Current hard X-ray free-electron laser (XFEL) facilities 1–5 overcome this by amplifying shot noise from a high-peak-current electron bunch via self-amplified spontaneous emission 6 in a single pass through long undulators, delivering very high brightness but with a noisy, multi-spiked temporal and spectral profile. Cavity-based XFELs (CBXFELs) 7–9 were proposed to close this gap by recirculating spectrally filtered X-ray pulses in a Bragg-reflecting cavity synchronized to a high-repetition-rate electron beam. Here we show lasing with multi-pass gain at 6.952 keV in a 132.8-m round-trip diamond-based Bragg cavity 10 at the European XFEL, matched to the 2.23-MHz bunch spacing of the superconducting accelerator 5 . Under stringent length and angular stability requirements, a ring-up in the cavity across successive bunches was observed, producing spectrally pure, microjoule-level pulses. This establishes the feasibility of CBXFELs in an accelerator environment and validates diamond Bragg optics for X-ray resonators. The demonstrated spectral purity opens a path to next-generation X-ray science, which demands highly coherent, stable sources.
Precision estimates of longitudinal brain aging capture unexpected individual differences in one year
Environmental and societal costs of maize production decrease by addressing the uncertainty in nitrogen rate recommendations
Abstract Excessive crop nitrogen (N) fertilization has negative environmental and social consequences. Using maize grain yield response to nitrogen field trials, we consider the uncertainty surrounding N rate recommendations to demonstrate that fertilizer N rates can be reduced by 12─16% in the US Corn Belt, with negligible risk of maize yield losses. This reduction in N fertilizer applications decrease N 2 O–N emissions by 10% and N leaching by 13%, leading to a social benefit of 230─$530 M, due to enhanced air and water quality. Additional N reductions could benefit ecosystems and human health. However, the high risk of yield loss associated with additional N reductions makes this practice unacceptable for farmers. This emphasizes the need for incentive programs that consider the responsibilities and limitations of all actors along the food supply chain.
MiRNAs shape mouse age-independent tissue adaptation to spaceflight via ECM and developmental pathways
Abstract As human space exploration accelerates, understanding the organism-wide molecular effects of longer spaceflight in mammals becomes increasingly critical. Non-coding RNAs like miRNAs are key to regulating this landscape. We thus analyze 686 small RNA samples of female mice from 13 solid organs at 3 and 8 months of age, after at least 3 weeks on the International Space Station and compare them to earth-bound controls. We observe significant spaceflight effects in systemic tissue remodeling pathways along the Fat-Liver-Pancreas axis and in heart, brain, spleen and thymus. The MIR-17/92 and MIR-1/133 families drive distinct molecular changes through specific gene targeting. Age-dependent changes, smaller in magnitude compared to age-independent changes, primarily involve tissue remodeling through MIR-8 , MIR-154 and MIR-15 families in mesenteric adipose tissue, pancreas, and diaphragm. Our findings provide evidence on how spaceflight regulates mammalian gene expression in preparation for interplanetary spaceflight.