Browse Articles

The role of AI in combating misinformation: leveraging text mining and social networking analysis

A longitudinal analysis of published clinical practice guidelines and their effect on disease burden

Structure-aware learnable multi-scale attention for retinal vessel analysis

B-type host stars revealed by exoplanets around massive secondary-clump giant stars

A five-year epidemiological analysis of diphtheria incidence and mortality in the Abyan Governorate, Yemen (2020–2024)

Genetic diversity and genetic structure of different geographical populations of Perca fluviatilis based on microsatellite markers

Transition-induced phase modification for scanning rate enhancement in a fast-wave V-band SIW leaky-wave antenna

Biomass carbon stocks and sequestration potential of remnant forests in the subtropical highlands of Ethiopia

Plant growth-promoting rhizobacteria enhance metal tolerance in rice (Oryza sativa L.) under chromium and lead stress

Abstract In the current industrial scenario, chromium (Cr) and lead (Pb) contamination poses a serious threat to agricultural ecosystems due to their toxic effects on plant growth and productivity. However, limited studies have explored the role of plant growth-promoting rhizobacteria (PGPR) in alleviating combined Cr and Pb stress in rice. Therefore, the present study investigated the potential of Pseudomonas putida , Bacillus amyloliquefaciens , and Pseudomonas fluorescens in mitigating metal-induced toxicity in rice ( Oryza sativa L.) under different Cr and Pb levels [0 (without Cr and Pb stress), 100 and 200 mg kg⁻ 1 )]. The research outcomes indicated that elevated levels of Cr and Pb stress in the soil significantly ( P  ≤ 0.05) decreased plant growth, biomass, photosynthetic pigments, and gas exchange characteristics, while increasing oxidative stress biomarkers including malondialdehyde (MDA) and hydrogen peroxide (H₂O₂). Metal toxicity also altered antioxidant defense systems, sugar accumulation, proline metabolism, and the ascorbate–glutathione (AsA–GSH) cycle. However, the application of P. putida , B. amyloliquefaciens , and P. fluorescens significantly improved morphophysiological and biochemical attributes, enhanced antioxidant defense and related gene expression, reduced oxidative damage, and decreased Cr and Pb accumulation in plant tissues. Furthermore, PGPR application improved cellular fractionation and regulated stress-responsive metabolic pathways in O. sativa under metal-stressed conditions. Overall, the findings highlight the significant potential of these PGPR strains as sustainable biological agents for improving metal stress tolerance and physiological performance in O. sativa plants grown under Cr and Pb toxicity.

An automated long-term bridge deflection monitoring system based on subpixel laser spot localization

A probabilistic state assessment framework for damaged heavy-haul railway bridges using vehicle–bridge collaborative monitoring

Computational heat transfer analysis of solar based energy systems via employment of numerical calculations and finite volume scheme

Graph-augmented transformer networks and explainable AI for economic impact forecasting in disrupted supply chains

Model evaluation for automated scoring of electropenetrography waveform data from mosquitoes

Evaluation and comparison of the sustainability of autumn and spring sugar beet production systems using emergy indicators

Dual-stream feature fusion network for landslide detection

Synergistic optimization and allocation of water-energy-carbon-pollution nexus in Zhengzhou’s water supply system under uncertainty

Abstract Urban water supply systems are increasingly challenged by water scarcity, rising energy consumption, carbon emissions, and water pollution under rapid urbanization and climate change. Existing studies have mainly focused on optimizing individual objectives such as water allocation or energy efficiency, while limited attention has been paid to the coordinated optimization of the Water-Energy-Carbon-Pollution (WECP) nexus under uncertainty. This study develops an integrated multi-objective optimization framework for the WECP nexus using Zhengzhou, China, as a representative case. First, a coupling coordination degree model is established to evaluate the interactions among water conservation, energy saving, carbon reduction, and pollution control. Subsequently, an improved Non-dominated Sorting Genetic Algorithm II (NSGA-II), integrated with interval parameters and dynamic constraints, is employed to optimize multi-source water allocation while balancing economic, social, and environmental objectives. Furthermore, an elastic storage mechanism is introduced to improve system adaptability under uncertain water demand and climate variability.The results indicated that the optimized allocation significantly enhanced system coordination, with the coupling coordination degree increasing from 0.67 to 0.87. Groundwater extraction decreased by 18.5%, reclaimed water utilization increased to 14.7%, and annual carbon emissions were reduced by approximately 57,000 t CO2, while maintaining economic benefits and reducing water shortages. Compared with conventional optimization methods, the proposed framework provided a more balanced trade-off among competing objectives and improved decision-making flexibility through Pareto-optimal solutions. This study demonstrated the potential of integrated WECP optimization for promoting sustainable urban water management and provided practical guidance for low-carbon transformation of water supply systems in Zhengzhou and other water-scarce cities.

A gradient-enhanced physics-informed neural network with adaptive loss weighting for high-dimensional non-linear sine-Gordon problems

Accelerometer-in-the-loop safe learning control of mesh-order vibrations in cycloidal drives

Structure-activity relationship of pyrazole-based corrosion inhibitors for carbon steel in HCl: combined experimental and theoretical study

Abstract The corrosion inhibition performance of two newly synthesized pyrazole-based derivatives, P6 (bis-pyrazole) and P8 (pyrazolyl-thiadiazine), toward carbon steel in 1.0 M HCl was systematically investigated using combined experimental and theoretical approaches. Electrochemical and gravimetric results revealed high inhibition efficiencies exceeding 95% at 5 × 10⁻⁴ M, with P6 exhibiting superior performance. This enhanced performance is attributed to its stronger adsorption affinity and more stable interaction with the steel surface. Polarization measurements revealed predominantly anodic inhibition behavior, although both anodic and cathodic reactions were affected, while impedance analysis confirmed the formation of a protective adsorbed film. Surface characterization (SEM, EDX, and AFM) further supported the development of a compact and homogeneous protective layer. Thermodynamic analysis suggested a mixed adsorption mechanism involving electrostatic and chemical interactions. Computational studies (DFT and Monte Carlo simulations) corroborated the experimental findings, demonstrating strong adsorption on the Fe (110) surface.