Browse Articles

Knowledge, attitude, practice and training of inhalation therapy among respiratory nurses: a cross-sectional study on the current status and influencing factors

Outside Front Cover: Oxidation State Determines Solvent Structure Around a Manganese–Vanadium Polyoxometalate Water‐Oxidation Catalyst (Angew. Chem. Int. Ed. 24/2026)

Seated gait training with arm swing synchronized to a walking virtual avatar

Enhanced prediction of electric field distribution in lightning protection systems with heterogeneous ground

Progesterone receptor, prokineticin 1, LncRNA-H19, and miR-210 in molecular regulation of recurrent implantation failure

Abstract Recurrent implantation failure (RIF) is a major challenge in reproductive medicine. This study explores the expression profiles and interactions of progesterone receptor B (PGR-B), prokineticin 1 (PROK1), prokineticin receptor 1 (PROKR1), and their regulatory associations with microRNA-210-5p (miR-210-5p) and long non-coding RNA H19 (lncRNA-H19) within endometrial tissue. This case-control study was conducted from June 2021 to July 2023, involving 50 patients with recurrent implantation failure (RIF) and a control group of 50 women with successful term pregnancies. Participants were recruited from Arash Hospital in Tehran, Iran. Hysteroscopic assessments were done for the RIF group, while the control group had sampling via Pipelle catheter. We measured the expression levels of key molecular markers, including PGR-B, PROK1, PROKR1, lncRNA-H19, and miR-210-5p, using quantitative real-time PCR (qRT-PCR). Our findings demonstrate significantly low expression and protein levels of PGR-B and PROK1, suggesting a potential dysregulation of these biomolecules in the studied context. Notably, we observed a strong positive correlation between PGR-B and PROKR1, suggesting a synergistic regulatory relationship, potentially influencing endometrial signaling pathways. Conversely, in fertile women, PGR-B and PROK1 exhibited a positive correlation with miR-210-5p, implicating miR-210-5p as a potential activator of PGR-B downstream pathways. Additionally, a positive correlation between PGR-B and PROK1 with lncRNA-H19 was identified, hinting at a complex regulatory network involving these non-coding RNAs. Our findings indicated that a regulatory network involving PGR‑B, PROK1, PROKR1, lncRNA‑H19, and miR‑210‑5p in women with RIF. The significant correlation between these molecules underscores the importance of angiogenesis, a novel mechanistic link to impaired decidualization and endometrial receptivity. It provides new insight into the molecular basis of implantation failure.

Genotype-specific responses of common bean to water deficit: mitigation by foliar-applied Fe, Zn, and Mn

Abstract Common bean productivity in arid and semi-arid regions is frequently constrained by water deficit and micronutrient limitations. This study aimed to (i) quantify the effects of deficit irrigation and foliar micronutrient application on growth, yield, and water productivity, and (ii) elucidate the physiological and biochemical mechanisms underlying genotype-specific drought tolerance. Field experiments were conducted over two growing seasons on sandy soil using three common bean varieties (Nebraska, Giza 3, and Giza 6). Treatments were arranged in a split–split-plot randomized complete block design, with varieties as main plots, irrigation regimes [full irrigation (F100%), moderate deficit (D80%), and severe deficit (D70%)] as subplots, and foliar-applied micronutrients (Fe, Zn, and Mn at three rates) as sub-subplots. Measurements at mid- and late-growth stages included chlorophyll content, antioxidant enzyme activity, leaf micronutrient concentrations, growth traits, grain quality, yield, and water productivity. Giza 6 exhibited superior early physiological responses, with significantly higher chlorophyll content and antioxidant enzyme activity under the highest micronutrient rate (T 3 : 15 Fe : 30 Zn : 20 Mn). Under prolonged deficit irrigation, the combination of moderate stress (D80%) and T 2 –T 3 applications sustained higher leaf Fe, Zn, and Mn concentrations, supporting continued growth and nutrient translocation. Clear genotypic differences were observed, with Giza 6 maintaining higher grain quality, yield, and water productivity under water-limited conditions, whereas Nebraska showed greater sensitivity despite micronutrient supplementation. These findings demonstrate that integrated water–nutrient management enhances drought resilience through improved physiological stability and nutrient homeostasis. Combining moderate deficit irrigation with targeted micronutrient application is an effective strategy to optimize productivity and water use efficiency in drought-prone environments.

A data-driven analysis and forecasting of Leishmaniasis-COVID-19 co-infection model using ensemble Kalman filter

LAM-CATNet: lambda-aware multi-scale cross-attention swin transformer network for mammogram classification

Abstract The fundamental requirement for the initial recognition of a mammogram is the accurate segmentation and classification of breast lesions in mammograms, especially when small or hard-to-identify lesions are involved. We present here a methodology that uses statistical analysis of variability to upgrade the execution of automated detection of breast lesions through a new model, called LAM-CATNet (Lambda-Aware Multi-scale Cross-Attention Swin Transformer Network). LAM-CATNet is designed with the intent of creating a transformer fusion model that applies statistical intensity modelling with a distribution function for deriving the data from the mammogram as well as deriving features with deep learning to produce segmented mammograms and classify lesions based on that segmentation. It is crucial to identify accurately and consistently segment breast cancer lesions that are detected in mammograms so that they can be detected early, particularly in small or difficult-to-identify cancers. This work examines statistical variability and improves diagnostic performance in automated breast lesion analysis with LAM-CATNet, a Lambda Distribution-Guided Transformer-Fused Hybrid Segmentation Network. As shown, the proposed LAM-CATNet outperformed both the baseline hybrid model and the conventional models by achieving Dice coefficients for the segmentation of 0.786 (CBIS-DDSM) and 0.869 (MIAS). For classification, the network achieved an accuracy of 94.7% and an area under the ROC curve of 98.2%. The attention map visualizations provided increased interpretability of the model regarding clinical decision confidence, as attention was focused on relevant areas of the lesion. In overall, LAM-CATNet improves automated breast lesion segmentation and classification by integrating transformer-based global context modelling along with conventional U-Net local feature extraction and lambda statistical principle. Its high interpretability for clinical use, consistent statistical reasoning, and high performance demonstrates potential as a supportive tool for computer-aided diagnosis, subject to further clinical validation in breast cancer screening using mammography.

Paper-based laser-written CoO–graphene biosensor for wireless sweat uric acid detection

Cortical representation of motion sequence processing in younger and older adults: an fMRI study

A unified framework for efficient test case generation and prioritization driven by multiple coverage criteria

Optimization of cotton two-ply yarn parameters to enhance tensile strength using the grey wolf optimization algorithm

Single Crystals of Double‐Stranded, Entwined, Helical Metallopolymers With Hexanuclear Zirconium Knots Achieved by Linker Conformation Engineering

ABSTRACT Synthetic one‐dimensional (1D) helical polymers are an intriguing class of functional materials that have been pursued for decades. Despite numerous reports of single‐stranded helical polymers, the synthesis of double‐stranded, entwined helical polymers with deterministic atomic coordinates remains a significant challenge. Herein, through judicious linker conformation engineering, we target two double‐stranded helical metallopolymer single crystals that consist of robust hexanuclear Zr 6 O 4 (OH) 4 clusters and inherently helical methano‐ or ethano‐Tröger base (TB) scaffolds. The racemic TB linkers undergo spontaneous resolution and narcissistic self‐sorting to from large single crystals of helical metallopolymer conglomerate, which can be rendered homochiral by employing enantiopure TB linkers. Characterization by single‐crystal X‐ray diffraction showed that, the two homochiral strands are bound together through Zr 6 ‐carboxylate knots, which further arrange with respect to 6 1 screw axis to engender 1D hexagonal channels. The resulting chemically stable metallopolymer conglomerates were demonstrated to be capable of catalyzing the normally acidic hydrolysis of orthoformates in basic solution with exceptional reactivity and selectivity, while the homochiral version was shown to be a remarkable chiral fluorescent sensor for amino alcohols. Our work, therefore provides an unparalleled example where linker conformation engineering serves as powerful tool for architecting sophisticated helical polymeric structures and achieving enzyme‐mimic catalysis and recognition.

Inside Back Cover: <i>o</i> ‐Terphenyl‐Based Family of Conjugated Macrocycles: Selective Recognition of Phenylalanine in Water and Interaction With Insulin (Angew. Chem. Int. Ed. 24/2026)

Coordinated voltage control in renewable energy integrated power systems using ant colony optimization

Abstract Navigating the complexities of modern power systems with a high share of renewable energy sources (RES) requires effective control strategies. This research presents a new Coordinated Voltage Control (CVC) framework for RES-integrated grids by combining Ant Colony Optimization (ACO) with a Deep Q-Network (DQN) controller. In this hybrid approach, ACO optimizes voltage profiles while DQN adjusts reactive power support in real-time, allowing for quick responses to grid conditions. The proposed method significantly improves voltage stability and reduces system losses, showing strong performance under different renewable generation and load scenarios. The ACO and DQN framework also shows good computational efficiency, achieving convergence in about 45 to 50 iterations. By using historical and simulated data for DQN training, the controller predicts the best reactive power actions, ensuring scalable and reliable voltage regulation. This work provides a practical and flexible solution for modern power systems rich in renewables, supporting better grid stability and operational efficiency.

Association between headache and hearing impairment in middle-aged and older adults in China health and retirement longitudinal study

Publisher Correction: Evaluating a pathogen-specific IgG binding assay for rapid detection of healthcare-associated infections

Clinicopathological characteristics and follow-up outcomes of patients with oral potentially malignant disorders: A 7-year observational cohort study

Daily briefing: Human embryo genomes precisely altered

GPR15-guided CD8+ T regulatory cells control intestinal inflammation

Abstract Inflammatory bowel disease (IBD) causes chronic suffering from gastrointestinal inflammation and dysfunction that can progress to colon cancer 1,2 . The prevalence of the disease is increasing, and there is an urgent need to better understand its pathogenic mechanisms to improve treatment. We show that GPR15—a G-protein-coupled receptor expressed in immune cells and described previously as an entry co-factor for human and simian immunodeficiency viruses 3 —is a marker and homing receptor for a subset of intramucosal GPR15-guided regulatory CD8 + T lymphocytes (CD8 + T IGR  cells). Deleterious GPR15 gene variants in humans cause defective homing of CD8 + T IGR cells and are associated with severe early-onset IBD. Moreover, CD8 + T IGR cells are reduced in the intestinal mucosa of individuals with sporadic IBD. In mice, GPR15 deficiency impairs colonic homing of CD8 + T IGR cells, leading to accumulation of inflammatory macrophages and increased susceptibility to colitis. CD8 + T IGR cells potently kill macrophages activated by intestinal damage or disease using Fas ligand and TNF-related weak inducer of apoptosis (TWEAK). The identification of CD8 + T IGR cells yields new insights into organ-specific immune regulation and potential therapeutics for IBD.