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p38α and p38β regulate osmostress-induced apoptosis

Revumenib Revises the Treatment Landscape for <i>KMT2A</i> -r Leukemia

The Role of Artificial Intelligence in Dentistry: A Narrative Review

Integration of artificial intelligence in dentistry has transformed the way dental professionals diagnose, plan treatment, and manage patient care. AI technologies, such as machine learning and deep learning, enhance precision, efficiency, and effectiveness in dental practices to produce better outcomes. This review discusses the broad applications of AI in various fields of dentistry, which range from diagnostic imaging, prediction of treatment, restoration care, orthodontic practice, endodontics, and preventive care. In diagnostic imaging, for example, AI-based techniques such as CNNs significantly enhanced the ability to diagnose dental pathologies, for instance, caries, periodontal disease, and oral cancers, most of which are diagnosed at much earlier stages than with traditional approaches. These methods allow for fewer mistakes, better outcomes, and overall, a greater value for predictive modeling, and especially, treatment planning. Predictive modeling and treatment planning, along with outcome-driven analytics, are changing the formulation of prognosis and modeling of treatment, along with algorithms such as ANN. AI is an imperative core for restorative and prosthetic dentistry. Crown and denture design has significantly benefited from generative design algorithms and other automated design tools. Individualized prosthetic dentures and crowns that fit and are comfortable as well as aesthetic have advanced design. These AI tools in orthodontics and endodontics are also augmenting treatment precision by simulating tooth movements and success predictive modeling for techniques like root canals. The improvements that AI can and will offer dentistry as a whole are numerous. The challenge of implementing AI is widespread. Data privacy and the high cost of adopting advanced technologies are the core issues. The full potential of AI can and surely will augment the care of practice in augmenting AI in Dentistry.

An oncoprotein CREPT functions as a co-factor in MYC-driven transformation and tumor growth

Reply to H.O. Al-Shamsi et al

Assessing Knowledge, Attitudes, and Practices of Augmented Reality Technology in Dentistry: A Cross-Sectional Survey

Introduction: Augmented Reality (AR) technology is increasingly recognized for its potential to enhance various aspects of dental practice, including treatment planning, patient education, and training. Despite this potential, the understanding of dental professionals' knowledge, attitudes, and practices regarding AR technology remains underexplored. The objective of this research is to examine the experience, perceived advantages, and real application of augmented reality (AR) Technologies of dental faculty and students. Methodology: A sample of 132 dental students, some integrated into the workforce as part-time private dentists, and faculty members of a single dental school, completed a self-administered online survey. Knowledge and application of AR technology in dentistry, and Experience with AR practice, were the constructs of the study. An administered questionnaire, partially digital and partially paper and pencil, was divided into two parts: Knowledge Assessment and Practice Assessment. The survey results were analyzed using reference statistics. Results: Knowledge Assessment respondents confirmed understanding Augmented Reality (AR) technology (69.7), and AR technology in dental training/education was recognized (65.9). 57.6% of the participants in the Practice Assessment declared absence of AR in their educational and/or professional practice, but an AR technology practice was wanted (67.4). The self-rated proficiencies that 44.47% of the respondents professed were in the range of self-score 3 in the application of AR (moderate). A small fraction (16.7) declared their AR application self-score was above the higher order. Conclusion: It can be concluded from this work that AR technology in academic and practical dentistry is vastly underutilized, notwithstanding the high realization and appreciation for its application.

Epitope mapping via in vitro deep mutational scanning methods and its applications

Impact of an Epstein-Barr Virus Serology-Based Screening Program on Nasopharyngeal Carcinoma Mortality: A Cluster-Randomized Controlled Trial

PURPOSE Screening for nasopharyngeal carcinoma (NPC) has shown an improvement in early detection and survival rates of NPC in endemic regions. It is critical to evaluate whether NPC screening can reduce NPC-specific mortality in the population. METHODS Sixteen towns in Sihui and Zhongshan cities, China, were selected; eight were randomly allocated to the screening group and eight to the control group. Residents age 30-69 years with no history of NPC were included from January 1, 2008, to December 31, 2015. Residents in the screening towns were invited to undergo serum Epstein-Barr virus (EBV) viral capsid antigen/nuclear antigen 1-immunoglobulin A antibody tests; others received no intervention. The population was followed until December 31, 2019. Nonparametric tests and Poisson regression models were used to estimate the screening effect on NPC mortality, accounting for the cluster-randomized design. The trial is registered with ClinicalTrials.gov (identifier: NCT00941538 ). RESULTS A total of 174,943 residents in the screening group and 186,263 residents in the control group were included. NPC incidence and overall mortality were similar between the two groups. A total of 52,498 (30.0% of 174,943) residents participated in the serum EBV antibody test. The overall compliance rate for endoscopic examination and/or biopsies among baseline and ever-classified high-risk participants was 65.9% (1,110 of 1,685) and 67.6% (1,703 of 2,518), respectively. A significant 30% reduction in NPC mortality was observed in the screening group compared with the control group (standardized NPC-specific mortality rate of 8.2 NPC deaths per 1,000 person-years versus 12.5; adjusted rate ratio [RR], 0.70 [95% CI, 0.49 to 0.997]; P = .048). This benefit was most evident among individuals age 50 years and older (RR, 0.56 [95% CI, 0.37 to 0.85]; P = .007) compared with those younger than 50 years (RR, 0.96 [95% CI, 0.64 to 1.46]; P = .856). CONCLUSION In this 12-year trial, EBV antibody testing resulted in a significant reduction in NPC mortality.

Targeting cytoskeletal biomechanics to modulate airway smooth muscle contraction in asthma

How Racialized Approaches to Opioid Use Disorder and Opioid Misuse Management Hamper Pharmacoequity for Cancer Pain

@JCO_ASCO paper focuses on racialized approaches to OUD and opioid misuse as underappreciated drivers of disparities in cancer and recs a path forward.

Epigenetic activation of JAG1 by AID contributes to metastasis of hepatocellular carcinoma

Erratum: Onvansertib in Combination With Chemotherapy and Bevacizumab in Second-Line Treatment of KRAS-Mutant Metastatic Colorectal Cancer: A Single-Arm, Phase II Trial

Mutations in the essential outer membrane protein BamA contribute to Escherichia coli resistance to the antimicrobial peptide TAT-RasGAP317-326

Erratum: Imlunestrant, an Oral Selective Estrogen Receptor Degrader, as Monotherapy and in Combination With Targeted Therapy in Estrogen Receptor–Positive, Human Epidermal Growth Factor Receptor 2–Negative Advanced Breast Cancer: Phase Ia/Ib EMBER Study

Withdrawal: Neutralization of RANTES and eotaxin prevents the loss of dopaminergic neurons in a mouse model of Parkinson disease

Effect on Travel Distance of a Statewide Regionalization Policy for Initial Breast Cancer Surgery

PURPOSE Reimbursement strategies to regionalize care can be effective for improving patient outcomes but may adversely affect access to care. We sought to determine the effect on travel distance for surgical treatment of a 2009 New York State (NYS) policy restricting Medicaid reimbursement for breast cancer surgery at low-volume hospitals. PATIENTS AND METHODS From a linked data set merging the NYS tumor registry with hospital discharge data, we identified women younger than 65 years with stage I-III first breast tumors from pre- and post-policy periods. We classified patients by urbanicity of their residence into four geographic areas (New York City, other large urban core, suburban/large town, and small town/rural). A multivariable difference-in-difference-in-differences model was used to estimate the policy effect on the distance traveled by Medicaid and non-Medicaid insured patients before and after the policy, by area of residence. RESULTS Among the 46,029 study sample, 13.5% were covered by Medicaid. Regardless of insurance, women treated more recently traveled longer distances to their surgical facility than those in the prepolicy period. Regardless of time period, Medicaid beneficiaries drove fewer miles to treatment than women with other insurance. Although all women traveled greater distances postpolicy, the increase was not significantly different by insurance status (Medicaid or not), except for those living in suburban areas in which Medicaid patients traveled further postpolicy (+7.7 miles compared with +3.4 miles for non-Medicaid; P = .007). CONCLUSION After a policy regionalizing surgical care, only suburban Medicaid patients experienced a statistically significant (albeit small) increase in travel distance compared with non-Medicaid patients. In the state of NY, regionalization of breast cancer care yielded improved outcomes with minimal decrease in access.

Chelerythrine triggers the prolongation of QT interval and induces cardiotoxicity by promoting the degradation of hERG channels

Erratum: Adjuvant Abemaciclib Plus Endocrine Therapy for Hormone Receptor–Positive, Human Epidermal Growth Factor Receptor 2–Negative, High-Risk Early Breast Cancer: Results From a Preplanned monarchE Overall Survival Interim Analysis, Including 5-Year Efficacy Outcomes

Multiple gating processes associated with the distal end of the S6 segment of domain II in the Nav channels

Effectiveness of a Cardiovascular Health Electronic Health Record Application for Cancer Survivors in Community Oncology Practice: Results From WF-1804CD

PURPOSE Guidelines recommend cardiovascular (CV) risk assessment and counseling for cancer survivors. This study evaluated the automated heart-health assessment (AH-HA) clinical decision support tool to promote provider-patient CV health (CVH) discussions in outpatient oncology. METHODS The AH-HA trial (WF-1804CD), coordinated by the Wake Forest National Cancer Institute Community Oncology Research Program Research Base, randomized practices to the AH-HA tool or usual care (UC) and enrolled survivors receiving routine care ≥6 months after curative cancer treatment. The tool displayed American Heart Association Life's Simple 7 CVH factors (BMI, physical activity, diet, smoking status, blood pressure, cholesterol, and glucose), populated from the electronic health record (EHR), alongside cancer treatments received with cardiotoxic potential. The primary end point was survivor-reported discussion of nonideal or missing CVH factors. A mixed-effects logistic regression model assessed the effect of AH-HA on CVH discussions, adjusting for practice. RESULTS Five UC and four AH-HA practices enrolled 645 survivors (82% breast, 8% endometrial, 5% colorectal, and 5% lymphoma, prostate, or multiple types) from October 1, 2020, to February 28, 2023. Most survivors were female (96%; 84% White/non-Hispanic, 8% Black; 3% Hispanic). Nearly all survivors (98%) in AH-HA practices reported a discussion for ≥1 nonideal or missing CVH factor compared with 55% in UC ( P &lt; .001). The average number of survivor-reported factors discussed was higher in AH-HA compared with UC (mean, 4.06 v 1.27; P &lt; .001), as were EHR-documented discussions (3.83 v 0.77; P = .03). Survivors in AH-HA practices were also significantly more likely to report a recommendation to see a primary care provider (39%) compared with UC practices (25%, P = .02). Reported recommendations to see a cardiologist were low (approximately 6%) and did not differ between groups. CONCLUSION The AH-HA tool was effective at promoting CVH discussions during routine follow-up care for survivors and recommendations to consult primary care.