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Evaluation and comparison of reading man flap based on different designs of angles and central axial lengths using finite element method
Atomically resolved imaging of radiation-sensitive metal-organic frameworks via electron ptychography
Field switching of microfabricated metamagnetic FeRh MRI contrast agents
Abstract In a step towards generating switchable MRI cellular labels, we demonstrate in-situ field switching of micron scale metamagnetic Iron-Rhodium (FeRh) thin film particles. A thin-film (200 nm) FeRh sample was fabricated and patterned into an array of progressively smaller squares with sizes ranging from 500 μm down to 1 μm. The large first order phase change from antiferromagnetic to ferromagnetic state was characterized using vibrating sample magnetometry, magnetic force microscopy, and MRI. Room temperature MRI experiments sensitive to the local magnetic field surrounding the particles demonstrated the low moment state (OFF MRI contrast) at 4.7T and high moment state (ON MRI contrast) at 11.7T for the array where sizes down to 2–3 μm were observed in MRI at 50 μm resolution. The expected temperature dependent MRI contrast change was seen at 4.7T, where 10 μm particles could be observed at 150 μm resolution in the ON state. A shielded MRI insert, used to temporarily increase or decrease the magnetic field up to 0.77T amplitude, was used to reversibly switch the particle array at constant temperature and blink the particles ON and OFF at 4.7T. This work demonstrates the MRI contrast switching potential for FeRh particles with biological cell dimensions, and the use of magnetic field pulses for reversible MRI label contrast control.
Microglia modulate the cerebrovascular reactivity through ectonucleotidase CD39
Green magnetically separable molluscicide Ba–Ce–Cu ferrite/TiO2 nanocomposite for controlling terrestrial gastropods Monacha Cartusiana
Highly bright perovskite light-emitting diodes enabled by retarded Auger recombination
Abstract One of the key advantages of perovskite light-emitting diodes (PeLEDs) is their potential to achieve high performance at much higher current densities compared to conventional solution-processed emitters. However, state-of-the-art PeLEDs have not yet reached this potential, often suffering from severe current-efficiency roll-off under intensive electrical excitations. Here, we demonstrate bright PeLEDs, with a peak radiance of 2409 W sr−1 m−2 and negligible current-efficiency roll-off, maintaining high external quantum efficiency over 20% even at current densities as high as 2270 mA cm−2. This significant improvement is achieved through the incorporation of electron-withdrawing trifluoroacetate anions into three-dimensional perovskite emitters, resulting in retarded Auger recombination due to a decoupled electron-hole wavefunction. Trifluoroacetate anions can additionally alter the crystallization dynamics and inhibit halide migration, facilitating charge injection balance and improving the tolerance of perovskites under high voltages. Our findings shed light on a promising future for perovskite emitters in high-power light-emitting applications, including laser diodes.
“The impact of the Little Orange Book on how parents/carers manage symptoms of illness in children: A mixed methods study”
Background Previous literature has highlighted the complexity of supporting an acutely unwell child and the unnecessary use of services by parents/carers. The Little Orange Book (LOB) was developed as an information resource for parents/carers of young children to assist in managing symptoms of childhood illness and to encourage the appropriate use of healthcare services. Objectives This study aimed to understand parent/carer views and experiences using the Little Orange Book. Specifically, this study focused on barriers and facilitators to use, the impact on parents’ behaviour and the views on improving the LOB. Methods An explanatory sequential mixed-methods approach, including qualitative and quantitative components, was used to collect data regarding parent’s experiences using the LOB. Parents and carers in the North-East of England were invited to participate in an online survey and a subset of these respondents took part in qualitative interviews. One-hundred-and-twenty-eight parents completed the online survey and 16 took part in interviews. Qualitative data were analysed using thematic analysis and quantitative data analysed using descriptive statistical analytical methods. Results Three themes were identified within the data: Increasing parental empowerment in managing their child’s health , Equality of Access to Health-based Literature and Barriers and Facilitators to using the Little Orange Book . Conclusions The Little Orange Book was seen as a valuable form of information to support parents and carers in healthcare decisions. Further development should ensure inclusivity, widen access and view provision of the information as an opportunity for healthcare professionals to engage with parents.
Effects of dam fear and stress on metrics of puppy welfare in commercial breeding kennels
Separating nanobubble nucleation for transfer-resistance-free electrocatalysis
Experimental study on the effect of CO2 injection on the permeability characteristics of reservoir sandstone
Using the Ordos Basin dry sandstone and sandstone saturated with different saline concentrations as research subjects, a self-developed constant temperature and pressure CO2 injection simulation device was employed to conduct permeability tests on sandstone under varying effective stresses and CO2 injection pressures. The test results indicated that during the CO2 injection process, the permeability of dry sandstone was two orders of magnitude higher than that of sandstones saturated with different saline concentrations. When the effective stress increases from 10 MPa to 28 MPa, the fissure compressibility of reservoir sandstone is influenced by the saturation of different saline concentrations, with the compressibility coefficients for 0%, 15%, and 30% saline-saturated sandstone being 0.00495 MPa⁻1, 0.00614 MPa⁻1, and 0.01879 MPa⁻1, respectively. The primary reasons for the reduced permeability of sandstone are as follows: supercritical CO2 lowers the mechanical properties of sandstone; high-concentration saline induces crystallization within the sandstone, resulting in a blockage effect. High-concentration saline increases the fissure compressibility of sandstone, decreases the permeability of the sandstone reservoir, and ultimately affects the injectability of the CO2 in the reservoir.
Mechanism of engineered macrophage membrane bionic gene-carrying nanospheres for targeted drug delivery to promote wound repair in deep second-degree burns
Nonapoptotic caspase-3 guides C1q-dependent synaptic phagocytosis by microglia
Risk factors of gallbladder cancer in Nepal: A case control study
Background Gallbladder cancer (GBC) is a rare, highly fatal disease with diagnosis in advanced stage and low survival rate. Nepal ranked 4th position with highest rates of GBC for 10 countries in 2020. Objective To find the association between socio-demographic, behavioral and environmental factors associated with the development of GBC. Method A case-control study was conducted in 2021/22 with newly diagnosed gallbladder cancer cases from three cancer-specialized hospitals and one tertiary (superspeciality) hospital. Controls were selected from the same tertiary hospital and one additional hospital providing services to gallbladder pathologies for a huge population, making a total of five hospitals involved in the study. The ratio of cases to control was 1:1. The data collection was done through telephonic interviews using structured questionnaires. The risk factors for GBC were assessed by using unconditional logistic regression to find odds ratios and 95% confidence level for bivariate and multivariate analysis. The statistical analysis was carried out in STATA 18. Result A total of 240 respondents were enrolled in the study, among them half were GBC patients (cases) and half were gallbladder patients (controls). The average age of the respondents was 54.82±12.3 years, with female preponderance among both groups. On multivariate analysis, the risk factors studied were; parity ≥3 (AOR = 2.80, 95% CI: 1.17–6.66, P value 0.020), being ethnic group of Terai/Madhesi (AOR = 7.88, 95% CI: 3.16–19.66, P value <0.001), being Janajati (AOR = 3.36, 95% CI: 1.17–6.61, P value <0.001), having gallbladder related disease (AOR = 2.00, 95% CI:1.00–4.02, P value 0.049), consuming alcohol ≥100ml/day (AOR = 3.44, 95% CI:1.11–10.63, P value 0.032), exposed with pesticides ≥2 times in a year (AOR = 4.04, 95% CI: 1.27–12.89, P value 0.018) and consuming less vegetables and fruits (<1 times per day in a week) (AOR = 2.69, 95% CI:1.34–5.40, P value 0.005). Conclusion The study reveals key GBC risk factors, offering vital insights for targeted screening, resource allocation, and public health measures to mitigate risks in Nepal.
Experimental and modeled analysis of contaminant mobility in coal fly ash landfills under continuous rainfall regimes
Dynamics of the mammalian pyruvate dehydrogenase complex revealed by in-situ structural analysis
Influences of pulsed electric field parameters on cell electroporation and electrofusion events: Comprehensive understanding by experiments and molecular dynamics simulations
Electroporation and electrofusion are efficient methods, which have been widely used in different areas of biotechnology and medicine. Pulse strength and width, as an external condition, play an important role in the process of these methods. However, comparatively little work has been done to explore the effects of pulsed electric field parameters on electroporation and electrofusion. Herein, influences of pulse strength and width on the electroporation and electrofusion of phospholipid bilayers were systematically investigated by using experiments combined with molecular dynamics simulations. Experimental results and machine learning-based regression analysis showed that the number of pores is mainly determined by pulse strength, while the sizes of pores were enlarged by increasing the pulse widths. In addition, the formation of large-size pores is the most crucial factor that affects the fusion rate of myeloma cells. The same trend has taken place on coarse-grained and all-atom MD simulations. The result suggested that electroporation events occur only in an electric field exceeding the strength of threshold, and the unbalanced degree of electric potential between two membranes leads to pores formation during the process of electroporation. Generally, this work provides a comprehensive understanding of how pulse strength and width govern the poration event of bilayer lipid membranes, as well as guidance on the experimental design of electrofusion.
Corrosion behavior of Fe amorphous/Al-12Si piston composites with core-shell structure
Microenvironment-confined kinetic elucidation and implementation of a DNA nano-phage with a shielded internal computing layer
How telepresence and perceived enjoyment mediate the relationship between interaction quality and continuance intention: Evidence from China Zisha-ware Digital Museum
The rapid development of digital technologies and the diversification of user needs have made digital museums significant platforms for cultural dissemination and education, attracting unprecedented attention. This study aims to investigate how interaction quality influences users’ psychological responses and their continuance intention to use digital museums. By integrating the Stimulus-Organism-Response (S-O-R) model and telepresence theory, this study proposes a novel model to examine users’ continuance intention. A questionnaire survey of visitors to the China Zisha-ware Digital Museum (CZDM) yielded 414 valid responses, which were analyzed using Partial Least Squares Structural Equation Modeling (PLS-SEM). The results indicate that: 1) The interaction quality of digital museums (i.e., interactivity, vividness, and authenticity) and users’ psychological responses (i.e., telepresence, perceived enjoyment) significantly affect users’ continuance intention to varying degrees. 2) Telepresence significantly mediates the relationship between interaction quality and continuance intention. 3) Perceived enjoyment serves as an important mediator between interactivity, vividness, and continuance intention, while its mediating role between authenticity and continuance intention is not significant. This study offers theoretical and practical insights for optimizing digital museum user experience design to enhance continuance intention, while also promoting the dissemination of digital culture and supporting educational efforts.