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Advanced predictive machine and deep learning models for round-ended CFST column
Modeling the non-integer dynamics of a vector-borne infection with nonlocal and nonsingular kernel
Abstract Vector-borne infections impose a significant burden on global health systems and economies due to their widespread impact and the substantial resources required for prevention, control, and treatment efforts. In this work, we formulate a mathematical model for the transmission dynamics of a vector-borne infection with the effect of vaccination through the Atangana-Baleanu derivative. The solutions of the model are positive and bounded for positive initial values of the state variable. We presented the basic concept and theory of fractional calculus for the analysis of the model. We determine the threshold parameter, denoted by $$\mathcal {R}_0$$ , using the next-generation matrix method. The local asymptotic stability of the system at the disease-free equilibrium is analyzed. To establish the existence of solutions for the proposed model, we employ fixed-point theory. A numerical scheme is developed to visualize the system’s dynamical behavior under varying input parameters. Numerical simulations are conducted to illustrate how these parameters influence the dynamics of the system. The results highlight key factors affecting the transmission and control of vector-borne diseases, offering insights into strategies for prevention and mitigation.
Detection and molecular characterization of Blastocystis sp., Enterocytozoon bieneusi and Giardia duodenalis in asymptomatic animals in southeastern Iran
Abstract Domestic animals can harbor a variety of enteric unicellular eukaryotic parasites (EUEP) with zoonotic potential that pose risks to human health. The aim of this study was to evaluate the occurrence and genetic diversity of EUEP of zoonotic relevance in domestic animals in Iran. Faecal samples were collected from cattle, sheep, camels, goats, donkeys, horse, and dogs. A real-time PCR was performed to detect the parasites, followed by sequence-based genotyping analyses on isolates that tested positive for Enterocytozoon bieneusi, Giardia duodenalis, and Blastocystis sp.. Overall, 53 out of 200 faecal samples (26.5%, 95% CI 20.5–33.2) were positive for one or more EUEP. Enterocytozoon bieneusi was found in 23.8%, 12.0%, 26.1%, and 13.3% of cattle, sheep, goats, and camels, respectively. Giardia duodenalis was identified in 19.3% of cattle and 6.7% of camels. Blastocystis sp. was detected in 5.7% of cattle and 16.7% of camels. Enterocytozoon bieneusi genotypes macaque1, J, BEB6, and CHG3 were identified in 3.7% (1/27), 3.7% (1/27), 44.4% (12/27), and 48.2% (13/27) of the isolates, respectively. Giardia duodenalis assemblage B and Blastocystis subtype 10 were identified in one cattle and one camel isolate, respectively. These findings suggest that domestic animals could serve as potential reservoirs for EUEP of zoonotic relevance and might play a significant role in transmitting these parasites to humans and other animals.
Obesity and overweight and associated factors among women with infertility undergoing assisted reproductive technology treatment in a low income setting
Experimental study of spontaneous imbibition from coal based on nuclear magnetic resonance relaxation spectroscopy
A new plentiful solutions for nanosolitons of ionic (NSIW) waves spread the length of microtubules in (MLC) living cells
Episodic and associative memory from spatial scaffolds in the hippocampus
Knowledge attitude and practice of patients with allergic conjunctivitis towards their disease
The German adaptation of the Amputee Body Image Scale and the importance of psychosocial adjustment to prosthesis use
Abstract Negative cognitions related to one’s own body, here referred to as body image disturbances (BID), are common after lower limb amputation and correlate with weak psychological functioning. The Amputee Body Image Scale (ABIS) is internationally used to assess BID in persons with lower limb amputation. However, there is no psychometrically evaluated German adaptation available. Including a sample of 191 individuals with lower limb amputation, the present study developed and psychometrically evaluated the German ABIS. Results suggest high reliability in terms of internal consistency and stability of the measure over two years. Meaningful and significant relationships to sex, amputation level, post-amputation pain, mobility, and psychopathology indicate validity of the instrument. Multivariate analyses emphasize a specific and inverse relationship between BID and psychosocial adaptation to the prosthesis including its embodiment. Focussing on ABIS items that are independent of the type of amputation or rehabilitation experiences resulted in an ABIS short form with psychometric properties comparable to the long form. This instrument could be prospectively used in diverse limb loss populations, such as individuals with upper limb amputation or persons not using a prosthesis. The present results thus crucially contribute to the repertoire of patient-reported outcome measures in the context of post-amputation rehabilitation.
Effects of acute pro-inflammatory stimulation and 25-hydroxycholesterol on hippocampal plasticity and learning involve NLRP3 inflammasome and cellular stress responses
In vivo and in silico studies on the potential role of garden cress oil in attenuating methotrexate-induced inflammation and apoptosis in liver
Abstract Methotrexate (MTX) has been used in high doses for cancer therapy and low doses for autoimmune diseases. It is proven that methotrexate-induced hepatotoxicity occurs even at relatively low doses. It is known that garden cress has anti-inflammatory, antioxidant, and hepatoprotective properties. This study investigates the potential alleviating effect of garden cress oil (GCO) against MTX-induced hepatotoxicity in rats. The chemical composition of GCO was assessed using GC/MS analysis. Liver damage was studied using hepatotoxicity biomarkers, molecular, and histological analysis. Also, the effects of GCO on TNF-α and caspase-3 proteins were evaluated through molecular docking studies. The results demonstrated that MTX caused liver damage, as seen by elevated levels of the liver enzymes ALT, AST, and ALP. Likewise, MTX showed clear signs of apoptosis, such as increased mRNA expression levels of BAX, Caspase-3, and P53, and increased liver inflammation indicated by higher levels of TNF-α expression. MTX exhibited significant liver damage, as demonstrated by histological examination. Treatment with GCO effectively alleviated the apoptotic effects of MTX, provided protection against inflammation, and restored histological alterations. GC/MS metabolite profiling of garden cress oil revealed the presence of several phytoconstituents, including tocopherols, erucic acid, sesamolin, linoleic acid, vaccenic acid, oleic acid, stearic acid, and palmitic acid, that showed strong binding affinities toward TNF-α and caspase-3 proteins in molecular docking studies, which could explain the anti-apoptotic and anti-inflammatory potential of GCO.
Efficacy of contrast versus non-contrast CT surveillance among patients surviving two years without recurrence after surgery for stage I lung cancer
Author Correction: Augmenting cybersecurity through attention based stacked autoencoder with optimization algorithm for detection and mitigation of attacks on IoT assisted networks
Autoactive CNGC15 enhances root endosymbiosis in legume and wheat
Abstract Nutrient acquisition is crucial for sustaining life. Plants develop beneficial intracellular partnerships with arbuscular mycorrhiza (AM) and nitrogen-fixing bacteria to surmount the scarcity of soil nutrients and tap into atmospheric dinitrogen, respectively1,2. Initiation of these root endosymbioses requires symbiont-induced oscillations in nuclear calcium (Ca2+) concentrations in root cells3. How the nuclear-localized ion channels, cyclic nucleotide-gated channel (CNGC) 15 and DOESN’T MAKE INFECTIONS1 (DMI1)4 are coordinated to specify symbiotic-induced nuclear Ca2+ oscillations remains unknown. Here we discovered an autoactive CNGC15 mutant that generates spontaneous low-frequency Ca2+ oscillations. While CNGC15 produces nuclear Ca2+ oscillations via a gating mechanism involving its helix 1, DMI1 acts as a pacemaker to specify the frequency of the oscillations. We demonstrate that the specificity of symbiotic-induced nuclear Ca2+ oscillations is encoded in its frequency. A high frequency activates endosymbiosis programmes, whereas a low frequency modulates phenylpropanoid pathways. Consequently, the autoactive cngc15 mutant, which is capable of generating both frequencies, has increased flavonoids that enhance AM, root nodule symbiosis and nutrient acquisition. We transferred this trait to wheat, resulting in field-grown wheat with increased AM colonization and nutrient acquisition. Our findings reveal a new strategy to boost endosymbiosis in the field and reduce inorganic fertilizer use while sustaining plant growth.
Response coupling with an auxiliary neural signal for enhancing brain signal detection
Abstract Brain-computer interfaces (BCIs) offer an implicit, non-linguistic communication channel between users and machines. Despite their potential, BCIs are far from becoming a mainstream communication modality like text and speech. While non-invasive BCIs, such as Electroencephalography, are favored for their ease of use, their broader adoption is limited by challenges related to signal noise, artifacts, and variability across users. In this paper, we propose a novel method called response coupling, aimed at enhancing brain signal detection and reliability by pairing a brain signal with an artificially induced auxiliary signal and leveraging their interaction. Specifically, we use error-related potentials (ErrPs) as the primary signal and steady-state visual evoked potentials (SSVEPs) as the auxiliary signal. SSVEPs, known for their phase-locked responses to rhythmic stimuli, are selected because rhythmic neural activity plays a critical role in sensory and cognitive processes, with evidence suggesting that reinforcing these oscillations can improve neural performance. By exploring the interaction between these two signals, we demonstrate that response coupling significantly improves the detection accuracy of ErrPs, especially in the parietal and occipital regions. This method introduces a new paradigm for enhancing BCI performance, where the interaction between a primary and an auxiliary signal is harnessed to enhance the detection performance. Additionally, the phase-locking properties of SSVEPs allow for unsupervised rejection of suboptimal data, further increasing BCI reliability.