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Dual-branch image projection network for geographic atrophy segmentation in retinal OCT images
Plasmodium falciparum Pfs47 haplotype compatibility to Anopheles gambiae in Kisumu, a malaria-endemic region of Kenya
Abstract Insecticide resistance and outdoor transmission have reduced the effectiveness of existing malaria transmission prevention strategies. As a result, targeted approaches to support continuing malaria control, such as transmission-blocking vaccines, are required. Cross-sectional mass blood screening in children between 5 and 15 years was conducted in Chulaimbo, Kisumu, during the dry and wet seasons in 2018 and 2019. Plasmodium falciparum gametocyte carriers were identified by Microscopy. Subsequently, carriers were used to feed colony bred Anopheles gambiae females in serum replacement and whole blood membrane feeding experiments. The infection prevalence was 19.7% (95% Cl 0.003–0.007) with 95% of the infections being caused by P. falciparum . Of all confirmed P. falciparum infections, 16.9% were gametocytes. Thirty-seven paired experiments showed infection rates of 0.9% and 0.5% in the serum replacement and whole blood experiments, respectively, with no significant difference (P = 0.738). Six Pfs47 haplotypes were identified from 24 sequenced infectious blood samples: Hap_1 (E27D and L240I), Hap_2 (S98T); Hap_3 (E27D); Hap_4 (L240I); Hap_5 (E188D); and Hap_6 without mutations. Haplotype 4 had the highest frequency of 29.2% followed by Hap_3 and Hap_6 at 20.8% each then Hap_1 with a frequency of 16.7%, whereas Hap_5 and Hap_2 had frequencies of 8.3% and 4.2% respectively. Varying frequencies of Pfs47 haplotypes observed from genetically heterogeneous parasite populations in endemic regions illuminates vector compatibility to refracting P. falciparum using the hypothesized lock and key analogy. This acts as a bottleneck that increases the frequency of P. falciparum haplotypes that escape elimination by vector immune responses. The interaction can be used as a potential target for transmission blocking through a refractory host.
Risk factors for pterygium recurrence based on a retrospective study of 196 patients
Association of cholecystectomy with short-term and long-term risks of depression and suicide
Pathophysiological link between carotid atherosclerosis and cerebral white matter lesions
Mitigating doxorubicin-induced hepatotoxicity in male rats: The role of aerobic interval training and curcumin supplementation in reducing oxidative stress, endoplasmic reticulum stress and apoptosis
Characterization of the electronic structure and fate of doubly ionized carbon diselenide
Abstract Single photon double ionization of carbon diselenide ( $${\hbox {CSe}}_{2}$$ ) has been investigated by means of multi-particle coincidence techniques. The interpretation of the experimental spectra is helped by post-Hartree-Fock computations at the Coupled Clusters and Multi-Reference Configuration-Interaction levels to determine the energetics and electronic state potentials of $$\hbox {CSe}_2^{2+}$$ and its fragments. The lowest experimental double ionization energy of $${\hbox {CSe}}_{2}$$ has been found to be 24.68 ± 0.20 eV, reflecting the $$\hbox { X} ^3\Sigma ^-_g$$ ground state, and is in agreement with the theoretical vertical double ionization energy of 24.41 eV. Several fragmentation channels are reported including experimental appearance energies and kinetic energy releases in comparison to theoretical results on their characteristics. In particular, we identify several purely repulsive, Coulomb explosion fragmentation channels.