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Surface Chemical Disorder Engineering Enabled Superior Anion Redox for Li‐Rich Mn‐Based Cathode
ABSTRACT The Li‐rich Mn‐based oxides have attracted extensive attention due to the specific anion redox reaction to provide high capacity. However, the poor reversibility of anion redox leads to serious lattice oxygen loss and surface structure evolution. Here, we report an approach by integrating chemical disorder‐based crystallographic texture into the cathode surface to solve these questions, which involves the spatial rearrangement of lattice oxygen by supersaturated occupation of cations in the lattice. This makes the oxygen electronic structure delocalized and diversified, strengthens the metal‐oxygen orbital hybridization, and effectively improves the reversibility and kinetics of anion redox reactions. Meanwhile, the robust surface architecture effectively inhibits superficial detrimental phase evolution and electrode/electrolyte interface side reactions, maintaining the structural integrity of the electrochemical process. Accordingly, the as‐designed modified cathode delivered a promising capacity (291.8 mAh g −1 ), excellent long cycling stability, and voltage retention (90.5% capacity retention and 0.68 mV/cycle voltage fade with 300 cycles). This work highlights the role of surface chemical disorder and the strongly correlated chemical environment of transition metals with oxygen, which is expected to provide a new paradigm for the structural design of cathode materials.
Computer-aided diagnosis of metabolic dysfunction-associated steatotic liver disease using paired liver–kidney texture features
Battery state-of-health as a functional safety variable: an ISO 26262-aligned AI framework for electric vehicle ADAS power integrity
Performance Optimization of Novel Laser Hybrid Ultrasonic Vibration Assisted Micro Milling for Inconel 718
Effects of cooling rate on the biocorrosion, microstructure and mechanical properties of biomedical Mg-2Zn-0.5Sr-0.3Ca alloy
Abstract Effects of cooling rate on microstructure, biocorrosion behavior and mechanical properties of Mg-2Zn-0.5Sr-0.3Ca alloy prepared by water-cooling copper mold casting (material I) and steel mold casting (material II) were investigated by microstructure analysis, tensile studies, microhardness testing, electrochemical measurements and immersion test in SBF solution (simulated body fluid). Microstructural studies show that both materials are composed of α-Mg, Mg 17 Sr 2 and Ca 2 Mg 6 Zn 3 phases. The higher cooling rate in material I results in the finer grain size and well-distributed second phases. Material I shows the enhanced UTS (159 ± 4 MPa) and YS (70 ± 3 MPa). Moreover, fracture elongation of material I improves from about 8.9% to 16.3%. However, material II shows less corrosion current density (1.95 ± 0.12 µA·cm − 2 ) and better corrosion resistance. The higher fraction of secondary phases, together with the discontinuity of grain boundaries leading to more galvanic cells in material I, may help the propagation of galvanic corrosion. Larger impedance is obtained for material I which changing trend is well in accordance with the polarization curves and bode phase angles.
Promoting CO <sub>2</sub> Conversion With Terminal Alkynes Over ZSM‐5 Zeolite‐Confined Uniform Ag Nanoparticles
ABSTRACT Heterogeneous catalysis‐mediated terminal alkyne carboxylation enabled the construction of stable C─C bonds via direct C─H bond activation, achieving efficient conversion of CO 2 into unsaturated carboxylic multi‐carbon derivatives, and providing a new route for artificial carbon fixation and the synthesis of multifunctional chemicals. However, designing heterogenous catalysts with highly efficient, uniformed, stable active sites for this solid‐liquid‐gas three‐phase systems remained a significant challenge. Herein, we proposed a solvent‐assist hydrothermal method to synthesis 6–7 nm uniformed Ag nanoparticles in ZSM‐5 (Ag NP ‐ZSM5). Ag NP ‐ZSM5 exhibited a yield of 90% and a TOF of 306 h −1 in 4 h alkynes carboxylation reaction. The excellent CO 2 adsorption capacity of ZSM‐5, together with the metal‐support interaction (MSI) between Ag nanoparticles and the ZSM‐5 support, jointly enhanced the intrinsic activity of the alkyne carboxylation reaction. This work not only proposed an innovative strategy for synthesizing uniform nanoparticles within zeolites, but also provided a new approach to facilitate the industrial application of terminal alkyne carboxylation.
Delineating future ecological protection patterns: optimizing management zoning in the Yellow River Basin based on projected ecosystem services supply-demand relationships
Structural, morphological, and optical properties of fe-doped SrCo2O4 thin films prepared by sol-gel dip-coating
Conformationally Adaptive Crown Ether Embedded in a Metal Sulfide for Exceptional Strontium Capture
ABSTRACT Precise conformational control of flexible supramolecular moieties (e.g., crown ethers) in crystalline‐state adsorbents is essential for efficient host–guest recognition. Traditional strategies relying on covalent chemistry are often limited by either tedious synthesis or a sacrifice of conformational flexibility. Here, we introduce a simple non‐covalent anchoring strategy where 18‐crown‐6 (18Cr6) molecules are in‐situ embedded between the interlayer galleries of a perforated thiostannate framework (18Cr6‐SnS) in one‐pot synthesis. This architecture not only ensures ordered alignment of crown ethers but also preserves the intrinsic coordination freedom, thereby enabling exceptional Sr 2+ binding affinity. 18Cr6‐SnS exhibits a record‐high distribution coefficient ( K d = 4.9 × 10 6 mL/g) under neutral conditions and excellent selectivity in simulated acidic high‐level liquid waste, displaying high separation factors ( K d Sr / K d M ) for Cs + (96), Eu 3+ (245), and Ni 2+ (621) in 1 M HNO 3 . Experimental and theoretical analyses reveal that the superior Sr 2+ recognition arises from the conformational adaptability of intercalated crown ethers, coupled with adjustable interlayer spacing. This work establishes a cost‐effective and scalable route to develop advanced adsorbents by synergizing host materials with flexible supramolecular receptors for critical energy and environmental applications.
Effects of different temperature treatments on physiological and biochemical parameters and bolting in Lactuca sativa
Mitogenomic phylogeny reconstruction and revised evolutionary framework for the subfamily Eriosomatinae (Hemiptera: Aphididae)
Knowledge, attitudes, and practices related to the association between periodontitis and hypertension: a cross-sectional structural equation modeling study
Abstract This study aimed to assess the knowledge, attitudes, and practices regarding the association between periodontal disease and hypertension among patients with periodontitis. This study included patients treated at Jinan Stomatological Hospital between July and December 2025. A researcher-developed questionnaire collected demographic data and KAP dimensions. Internal consistency was assessed using Cronbach’s alpha for each domain.Confirmatory factor analysis (CFA) was conducted to evaluate the measurement model prior to structural equation modeling (SEM), which was used to examine the associations among the KAP dimensions. The study was approved by the Ethics Committee of Jinan Stomatological Hospital (JNSKQYY-2025-013). Among the 2,937 participants (mean age 43.24 years; 54.85% female), the scores for knowledge, attitude, and practice were 7.20 plus or minus 4.56 (range 0 to 20), 25.79 plus or minus 2.91 (range 6 to 30), and 27.88 plus or minus 6.50 (range 8 to 40), respectively. Knowledge was negatively correlated with attitude( r = − 0.705) and practice ( r = − 0.765), whereas attitude was positively correlated with practice ( r = 0.818; all P < 0.001). SEM indicated that knowledge showed direct negative associations with attitude (beta = − 0.794) and practice (beta = − 0.295), alongside a negative indirect effect on practice via attitude (beta = − 0.555). Conversely, attitude showed a strong positive direct effect on practice (beta = 0.699; all P < 0.05). Patients with periodontal disease exhibited insufficient knowledge and suboptimal practices despite maintaining positive attitudes, highlighting a significant gap between awareness and behavior.
ZCCHC10 as a novel prognostic biomarker associated with immune infiltration in breast cancer
Abstract CCHC zinc finger protein 10 (ZCCHC10) has been implicated in the progression of multiple malignancies, but its prognostic value and role in immune infiltration in breast cancer remain unclear. In this study, we systematically analyzed ZCCHC10 expression using public databases and validated the findings by immunohistochemistry. Associations with clinicopathological features and patient prognosis were assessed, and a prognostic nomogram was constructed. Co-expression networks and gene set enrichment analysis were used to explore functional pathways, while immune infiltration was evaluated and potential therapeutic agents were predicted. Functional assays, including proliferation and colony formation experiments, were performed to examine the biological role of ZCCHC10 in vitro. Our results demonstrated that ZCCHC10 was significantly upregulated in breast cancer and associated with poor prognosis and adverse clinicopathological characteristics. Enrichment analysis indicated involvement in immune-related pathways, and its expression correlated with immune cell infiltration and immunomodulators. Drug sensitivity prediction suggested Ipatasertib as a candidate targeted therapy requiring experimental verification. Knockdown of ZCCHC10 markedly inhibited breast cancer cell proliferation. Collectively, these findings suggest that ZCCHC10 serves as a prognostic biomarker and a key regulator of immune infiltration in breast cancer.
Spatial-temporal analysis and influencing factors of pulmonary tuberculosis in Fuzhou, China from 2014 to 2022
Recyclable Green Synthesis of Cu <sub>2</sub> O Octahedra via Coordination‐Induced Surface Reconstruction With Exceptional Glucose Electrooxidation
ABSTRACT Coordination‐chemistry‐driven reconstruction offers a powerful yet largely unexplored route for transforming bulk metals into functional nanomaterials with programmed surface states. Herein, we report a green, recyclable wet‐chemical protocol that integrates top‐down oxidative dissolution of copper with bottom‐up crystallization to produce octahedral Cu 2 O submicron crystals. In a strongly alkaline medium, transient Cu–NH 3 coordination promotes coordination‐driven oxidative dissolution of scrap copper to generate a metastable [Cu(OH) 4 ] 2– aqueous precursor, while aldehyde‐functionalized dextran (ODex) serves as a mild reductant and a surface‐coordinating ligand. A self‐catalytic acceleration pathway enables rapid room‐temperature crystallization within minutes, ODex‐regulated octahedral Cu 2 O (ODex‐Octa‐Cu 2 O) exposing {111} facets, decorated with ODex–Cu 2+ complexes and stabilized Cu‐vacancy‐rich relaxed atomic layers. This coordination‐induced surface reconstruction tailors the surface electronic and defect structure; density functional theory further reveals the Frontier orbital theory evolution upon ODex–Cu 2+ modification of Cu 2 O(111) and the concomitant work function regulation, which together stabilize the lattice and optimize interfacial adsorption‐desorption kinetics. Meanwhile, ODex‐Octa‐Cu 2 O exhibits ultrahigh mass‐normalized activity for 4‐nitrophenol hydrogenation ( k nor = 32.36 s −1 mg −1 mL), benefiting from the in situ generated surface‐active hydrogen, and efficient glucose electrooxidation enabling a bifunctional glucose fuel cell. The fully recyclable alkaline medium further realizes a sustainable “metal‐to‐nanomaterial” conversion route.
Towards routine genetic testing of repeat expansions in neurogenetic diseases using multiplex CRISPR-Cas9-targeted long read sequencing
Abstract Abnormal expansion of nucleotide repeats was first identified 34 years ago as a unique mutational mechanism. It is now linked to numerous neurogenetic disorders, several of which discovered only recently. The identification of these expansions has led to various classifications based on clinical presentation, repeat nature and genomic location (coding or non-coding regions). Precise diagnosis of these conditions relies on molecular testing, currently performed on a gene-by-gene basis. Their analysis remains challenging, especially for long expansions. We evaluated CRISPR-Cas9-mediated target enrichment coupled to Oxford Nanopore Technologies (ONT) long read sequencing, to accelerate and improve the time-consuming molecular diagnosis of repeat expansion disorders. We simultaneously targeted nine loci involved in 10 repeat expansion disorders in a single capture panel, including FMR1 , HTT , DMPK , CNBP/ZNF9 , ATXN2 , JPH3 , FXN , C9ORF72 and RFC1 , covering a broad range of repeat types, sizes and diagnostic needs. Results were compared with standard routine testing methods. ONT sequencing using Flongle flow cells yielded results consistent with standard techniques for most loci, particularly for non-complex repeats. However, limitations were observed for structurally complex regions such as RFC1 , and inter-run variability required the aggregation of multiple Flongle runs per sample to achieve robust genotyping. These findings highlight both the potential and current limitations of CRISPR-Cas9-enriched ONT sequencing for multiplex diagnosis of repeat expansion disorders in a clinical setting. The approach deserves further development, particularly optimisation of protocols, inclusion of larger sample sizes, and comparison with alternative technologies.
High‐Spin Pt Sites of Intermetallic Compound via Pinning Effect Boost Oxygen Reduction Performance
ABSTRACT The commercialization of proton exchange membrane fuel cells (PEMFCs) is hindered by sluggish oxygen reduction reaction (ORR) kinetics at the cathode, demanding high‐performance Pt‐based catalysts. The ORR efficiency is critically governed by the spin configuration of Pt sites, yet regulating Pt spin states remains challenging due to their inherently paramagnetic nature. Here, we report core–shell L1 0 ‐Pt 2 CoFe/Pt 2 FeNi intermetallic compounds that achieve stable high‐spin Pt sites via a spin‐pinning effect. The remanent magnetization of the ferromagnetic core induces a persistent high‐spin configuration in the Pt shell after external magnetic field removal. This spin‐engineering strategy optimizes Pt 5d orbital splitting, lowering the activation barrier for electron transfer to O 2 and facilitating its activation. Magnetized L1 0 ‐Pt 2 CoFe exhibits 8‐fold higher mass activity and 31‐fold higher specific activity than its nonmagnetized counterpart, outperforming commercial Pt/C. The catalyst also retains 90% of its initial activity after 50 000 cycles and maintains performance after 6 months of storage, demonstrating excellent stability. This field‐free spin‐pinning strategy offers a practical, generalizable route to designing advanced Pt‐based ORR catalysts.
Integrated genomic and metabolomic insights into sesame rhizosphere-derived multi-trait Pseudomonas aeruginosa SIRJ8 with salinity stress alleviation and biocontrol potential
Abstract Plant growth-promoting rhizobacteria (PGPR) offer microbe-based models for understanding crop resilience under environmental stress; however, environmental bacteria exhibiting both plant-beneficial functions and opportunistic pathogenic traits remain poorly understood, complicating their safe translation into agricultural applications. To address this gap, the present study undertakes an integrated genomic-metabolomic analysis of Pseudomonas aeruginosa SIRJ8, a strain isolated from the sesame ( Sesamum indicum L.) rhizosphere. Functionally, P. aeruginosa SIRJ8 displayed robust plant growth promoting attributes and tolerance to salinity levels up to 7.5% NaCl under in vitro conditions. It also showed pronounced antagonistic activity, achieving up to 82.7% inhibition of Fusarium spp. mycelial growth and 54.9% reduction of post-harvest tomato rot specifically against F. fujikuroi . Furthermore, in planta experiments showed that SIRJ8 significantly improved rice (BRRI Dhan 28) growth relative to the corresponding uninoculated plants exposed to the same salinity level, increasing shoot length by 49.6% and dry biomass by 50.3% under 150 mM NaCl. Genomic analysis revealed a 6.59 Mb genome with an open pan-genome architecture (α = 0.11). Among 169 strain-specific genes, we identified determinates for nutrient acquisition ( pqqF , tonB2 ), salinity resilience ( kshB , cfa ), and biocontrol ( hcp , chitinase class I). Genome mining via antiSMASH identified 21 biosynthetic gene clusters, including 100% homologous pathways for hydrogen cyanide and pseudopaline alongside several uncharacterized NRPS-like and RiPP-like clusters, suggesting a diverse specialized metabolome for competition and iron acquisition. GC-MS profiling and molecular docking identified key metabolites, including diketopiperazines and phenolic compounds, as potent candidates for fungal growth inhibition. While SIRJ8 harbors several canonical virulence-associated determinants (type III and type VI secretion systems, toxA , exoS , exoT , exoY genes), phenotypic biosafety assays demonstrated non-hemolytic behaviour and antibiotic susceptibility profile characteristic of non-clinical, environmental isolates. Collectively, this work delivers high-resolution mechanistic insights into the genomic and metabolomic features of P. aeruginosa SIRJ8, highlighting the functional and ecological intricacy of rhizosphere-associated bacteria. Although SIRJ8 exhibited multiple plant-beneficial traits, its virulence-associated genomic repertoire precludes its consideration as an agricultural bioinoculant at present and underscores the necessity of comprehensive biosafety evaluation before any practical application.
Ru/RuO <sub>2</sub> Heterostructures for Stable and Active Acidic Water Oxidation via Interfacial Charge Redistribution and Lattice‐Oxygen Participation
ABSTRACT The rational design and synthesis of Ir‐free acidic oxygen evolution catalysts combining high activity with long‐term durability remains a formidable challenge. This work demonstrates an addressable and dopant‐free strategy through the construction of Ru/RuO 2 heterostructures in a solely Ru‐based system, wherein interfacial charge redistribution and lattice‐oxygen participation jointly promote catalytic enhancement. The catalyst delivers an overpotential of 182 mV at 10 mA·cm −2 and retains operational durability for over 270 h at 100 mA·cm −2 in 0.5 M H 2 SO 4 . Spectroscopic characterizations, including X‐ray absorption spectroscopy (XAS), Raman spectroscopy, and X‐ray photoelectron spectroscopy (XPS), coupled with theoretical calculations, elucidate that interfacial electron transfer from metallic‐Ru phase to RuO 2 phase, assisted by the formation of a built‐in electric field, results in increased work functions across the heterointerface and lowered interfacial Ru oxidation states, suppressing Ru‐site overoxidation into soluble RuO 4 and accounting for the exceptional durability. Lattice‐oxygen participation, which corresponds to excellent activity, was verified by operando investigations, including differential electrochemical mass spectrometry (DEMS), attenuated total reflection surface‐enhanced infrared absorption spectroscopy (ATR‐SEIRAS), and tetramethylammonium (TMA + ) chemical probing. The overall findings establish heterointerface engineering as a powerful tool for the simultaneous enhancement of the coupled activity‐stability in Ru‐based acidic OER catalysts.