Browse Articles

Abstract P2115: Spatiotemporal Transcriptomics Analysis Of Central Venous Stenosis Suggests TNF-alpha As A Potential Therapeutic Target In Chronic Kidney Disease Rats

Introduction: In the United States, 50-80% of chronic kidney disease (CKD) patients use a central venous catheter (CVC) for hemodialysis. Protracted exposure of CVCs against fragile venous walls results in central venous stenosis (CVS), which has devastating complications. Despite its higher prevalence of up to 40% in CKD patients, little is known about its pathogenesis and the means to target it. Hypothesis: We posit that a venous guide-wire injury will induce specific perturbation in the target cells (endothelial and vascular smooth muscle cells) in the CKD milieu. Methods: Twenty-two 8-12-week-old Sprague Dawley rats on 0.75 % Adenine diet (CKD rats) for two weeks and N=18 normal chaw (control ) were subjected to guide wire injury on their right internal jugular veins. After the injury, animals were harvested on days 0, 5, and 14. GeoMax Whole transcriptome analysis, validation, and molecular studies were performed after validation studies. Results: Compared to non-CKD rats, injured veins of CKD rats showed higher thrombus, deposition of extracellular matrix, and perivascular fibrosis, all consistent with CVS. Spatial transcriptomics analysis revealed significant (P < 0.05) and at least more than 50% upregulation of genes of matrix modifying enzymes (MMP 10 and 19), collagen, and others. OF these changes, a consistent 1.6 to 2-fold upregulation was noted in the Tumor Necrosis Factor (TNF) family members (Tnfrsf1b, Traf3, ifnb1, Tradd) in endothelial and vascular smooth muscle cells. This finding was validated using IHC, which demonstrated TNF-alpha upregulation in the endothelial cells of the injured veins of CKD rats (P= 0.002, P <0.0001 at days 5 and 14) compared to controls. Mechanistic probing revealed that endothelial cells exposed to the serum from CKD patients suppressed survival and migration (P <0.05), both of which were reversed by anti-TNF neutralizing antibodies (P =0.05) through the JNK and Phospho p-38 pathway. At the same time, no effect was noted in primary human vascular smooth muscle cells. Conclusion: Leveraging a rodent model of CVS, this study generates and validates the first central venous stenosis model in rats, demonstrating higher perivascular fibrosis in the CKD milieu. The spatiotemporal genetic perturbation in the injured vein of CKD rats, showing the multitude of pathways perturbed by the injury in the CKD milieu of TNF, can be therapeutically targeted with FDA-approved TNF agents.

Abstract P3126: A Community-Based Intervention to Improve Cardiovascular Health Understanding in the Dallas-Fort Worth South Asian Community

Introduction: The Dallas-Fort Worth (DFW) South Asian (SA) community has grown to over 235,000 and represents a demographic with disproportionately high incidences of cardiovascular disease (CVD) and diabetes. Hypothesis: A community-initiated educational program will significantly improve cardiovascular health knowledge, motivation, and preventive practices among the SA population in DFW. Methods: Using a community-based participatory research approach, we designed, implemented, and assessed an educational program delivered by a cardiologist and nutritionist through seminars and digital media. The 1.5-hour program provided information on CVD risk factors, dietary and lifestyle modifications, regular health screenings, and a question-and-answer session. Effectiveness was assessed with the South Asian Needs and Gaps Assessment Tool (SANGAT) survey before and after, measuring knowledge and motivation on a 5-point Likert scale (1=very low to 5=very high) and preventive actions. Descriptive statistics characterized the data. Results: A total of 92 community members attended the program with 126 assessments collected (74 before; 52 after). Participants included 58.1% females (age 49.1±15.9 years). Knowledge Improvements: All areas showed significant improvements (p<0.001). Overall heart health understanding had an increase in "above average" and "very high" ratings from 36.1% to 73.1%. Knowledge of heart disease risk factors improved from 34.3% to 69.2%. Importance of diet saw the most significant gains, with "above average" and "very high" ratings more than doubling (35.7% to 76.9%). Awareness of physical activity benefits rose from 46.5% to 78.8%. Motivational Shifts: Significant increases were observed in all motivation categories, including overall heart health priority, diet improvement, and regular physical activity (p<0.001). The percentage of participants rating their motivation as "very high" doubled, with "above average" and "very high" ratings totaling 84.6% across all areas. Behavioral Changes: Top planned actions included increased physical activity (50.0%), better nutrition (30.8%), weight loss (15.4%), and proactive heart health measures (7.7%). Conclusions: This culturally informed, community-driven approach enhanced health literacy, fostering sustainable lifestyle changes to help reduce health disparities. Future studies should address genetic and metabolic predispositions and evaluate the success of these interventions on health outcomes.

Abstract P1026: Metabolic Syndrome Reduction Through Lifestyle Modification in West Chicago

Background: Cardiovascular disease (CVD) is the leading cause of death around the world. Metabolic syndrome is a set of health conditions that increase the risk of CVD, Diabetes Mellitus, and fatty liver, which includes hypertension, dyslipidemia, insulin resistance, and abdominal obesity. Direct improvement of these metrics have been shown to decrease risk of CVD, with studies showing that 70% of CVD cases can be prevented through proper management of these risk factors. Notwithstanding, many Americans, notably food insecure populations, are unaware of their CVD risk factors and how to manage them. Moreover, food insecurity has been correlated with a greater risk of developing CVD. This study aims to examine the prevalence of metabolic syndrome in a food insecure population in West Chicago and illuminate a possible mechanism to combat this issue through lifestyle modification health coaching. Methods: The Cardiometabolic Health Initiative (CHI) is a student-run organization seeking to address cardiometabolic disease in food insecure communities. Between August 2023 and August 2024, CHI screened 154 food-insecure patients in Southwest Chicago. During this screening a full cardiometabolic history, blood pressure, lipid levels, A1C, and BMI were collected and an atherosclerotic cardiovascular disease (ASCVD) risk score was calculated. Based on their results, patients then received targeted health counseling on evidence-based lifestyle modifications such as diet changes, exercise prescriptions, sleep improvement, and stress reduction in an effort to reduce their cardiometabolic risk factors. Results: 154 patients underwent cardiometabolic screening. Of these patients, 69.5% were hypertensive, 65.9% were overweight, 65.8% had dyslipidemia, and 13.8% had hyperglycemia. Of the patients with a full metabolic screening, 82.5% had 1 or more CVD risk factors. Overall this resulted in 41.4% of patients possessing an intermediate or high risk ASCVD Risk Score. Conclusion: Our results suggest a high prevalence of risk factors for metabolic syndrome within food insecure populations of West Chicago. Community-based preventative screening and health literacy education offers a potential solution to combat this disparity.

Abstract P1049: Screen Time and Social-Emotional Skills in Michigan Middle School Students Participating in Project Healthy Schools

Introduction: Time spent on electronic devices, specifically mobile devices and computers, amongst adolescents has increased in the past decade. While there is agreement that too much recreational screen time (ST) can have negative effects on physiological and behavioral health, studies examining the impact on social-emotional (SE) skills are sparse. This study aims to assess the relationship between ST and SE skills among adolescents. We hypothesized that students with higher daily recreational ST will experience more difficulty across SE skills. Methods: We examined baseline self-reported survey responses (N = 362) from 6 th grade students attending a Project Healthy Schools-participating middle school from 2022-2024. SE skills (self-awareness, self-management, responsible decision making, relationship skills, social awareness) were compared among tertiles of total daily ST (low [0-5 hours], medium [>5-10], and high [>10]) based on chi-squared tests. Students’ total daily ST was calculated by summing the 4 ST modalities (TV/movie, computer, video games, mobile device). SE skills were also examined separately for computer and mobile device ST (low [0-2 hours], medium [3-4], and high [5+]). Results: Total ST was positively associated with students reporting greater difficulty with responsible decision making (p=0.001). High mobile device ST was positively associated with increased indicated difficulty with self-awareness (p=0.001) and responsible decision making (p=0.004). High computer ST was positively associated with more difficulty for self-awareness (p=0.002), responsible decision making (p=0.003), relationship skills (p=0.028), and social awareness (p=0.02). Conclusions Higher ST, including total, computer, and mobile device ST were associated with increased difficulty with several SE skills, in particular responsible decision making. These results suggest that limiting ST may assist middle-school students in SE competencies.

Abstract P3095: Disparities can be exacerbated by new technology for tracking physical activity

Introduction: Health disparities persist and may be exacerbated by new technology, such as wearable devices tracking health behaviors. In particular, this digital division continues to bring poor health outcomes in racial/ethnic underrepresented groups. Hypotheses: We assessed the hypotheses that (1) the use of wearable devices would be associated with the level of physical activity, and (2) there would be differences in the use of wearable devices by demographic and sociocultural factors. Methods: A cross-sectional, community-based survey study was conducted in 525 Korean American adults residing in New Jersey, Ohio State, Georgia, and Texas. Data were analyzed using descriptive statistics, chi-square tests, and multiple regressions with statistical significance set at p <.05. Results: Most of the study sample (75%) did not use wearable devices to track their physical activity although 54% were diagnosed with more than one chronic condition. Almost half of them (49%) did not meet the current guidelines by engaging in moderate physical activity less than 150 min per week. Individuals who were younger than 60 years, college educated, income of $50,000 and more, full-time workers, proficient in English tended to use wearable devices than their counterparts, which in turn, were more likely to engage in physical activity. Conclusion: In conclusion, it is critical to address the significant disparities in the use of wearable device for tracking physical activity among Korean Americans. This indicates an opportunity to reduce health disparities by promoting physical activity using wearable devices. More specifically, provision of affordable wearable devices equipped with user-friendly features in conjunction of community education and support would be one way to promote physical activity. Also, particular attention should be given to the individuals who are older than 60 years, less educated, having low income, part-time workers or unemployed, or limited English proficiency. Further research using qualitative or mixed method design need to explore the underlying factors of low uses of wearable devices in Korean American adults.

Molecular mechanism of Arp2/3 complex activation by nucleation-promoting factors and an actin monomer

Arp (actin-related protein) 2/3 complex nucleates actin filament branches on the sides of preexisting actin filaments during cell and organelle movements. We used computer simulations of mammalian Arp2/3 complex to address fundamental questions about the mechanism. Metadynamics and umbrella free energy sampling simulations of the pathway revealed that a clash between the D-loop of Arp2 and Arp3 produces an energy barrier of 20 ± 6 kcal/mol between the inactive splayed and active short-pitch conformations of Arp2/3 complex. Atomistic molecular dynamics simulations showed that binding the CA motif of the nucleation-promoting factor Neuronal Wiskott-Aldrich Syndrome Protein (N-WASp) to inactive, splayed Arp2/3 complex shifts it toward the short-pitch active conformation and opens a binding site for an actin monomer on Arp3. Other simulations showed that this actin monomer stabilizes a transition state of Arp2/3 complex. These observations together with prior experimental work provide insights required to propose a physically grounded pathway for actin filament branch formation.

Abstract P1147: Psychological well-being: an asset for healthy lifestyles in young adults and primordial prevention later in life

Objective: Growing evidence suggests that higher levels of psychological well-being indicators (e.g., emotional vitality, positive mental health) are related to lower cardiometabolic risk. Healthy lifestyle habits (e.g., physical activity) may underpin this association. However, most studies evaluating the association between psychological well-being indicators and lifestyle habits are cross-sectional, precluding temporal sequence of events. Moreover, although such habits are typically established in early adulthood, prior research has been undertaken mainly in midlife or older adults. Finally, past studies usually consider habits separately despite their tendency to cluster and have interactive effects on long-term health. The current study assessed the longitudinal association of emotional vitality and positive mental health with the likelihood of adopting an overall healthy lifestyle among young adults in Canada. Methods: Participants (N=799) from the Nicotine Dependence in Teens Study completed items to derive the emotional vitality score in 2011-12 (mean age: 24.1 years) and a validated positive mental health scale in 2017-20 (mean age: 30.6 years). Data on smoking, sleep, physical activity, alcohol intake, and diet quality were collected in 2011-12, 2017-20, and 2020-21 (mean age: 33.6 years) and used to create a composite lifestyle score. The associations of interest were modeled using logistic regressions adjusting first for baseline sociodemographic factors, health status (e.g., BMI), and depression (Model 1), and then including baseline lifestyle (Model 2). Effect modification by sex was examined. Results: In Model 1, a 1-standard deviation increase in emotional vitality (OR=1.28, 95%CI=1.06-1.54) and positive mental health (OR=1.31, 95%CI: 1.02-1.68) was related to a greater likelihood of a healthy lifestyle 4-10 years later. In Model 2, the findings were robust for positive mental health but the confidence intervals for emotional vitality included the null. Sex did not modify these associations. When considering habits separately, emotional vitality and positive mental health were both related to healthy diets and sleep, but not with the other habits. Conclusions: Both emotional vitality and positive mental health may have beneficial effects on lifestyle. They should be considered when developing primordial prevention strategies that aim to promote healthy lifestyles in young adults, to contribute to cardiometabolic health over the life course.

Abstract MP65: Trends from Cumulative Social Risks and Hypertensive Disorders of Pregnancy among Pregnant Women from 2016 to 2021

Introduction: Previous research has shown associations between individual social risks and hypertensive disorders of pregnancy (HDP), but less is known about the cumulative effect of multiple social risks. This study examines the association between cumulative social risks (CSR) and the risk of HDP among pregnant women using data from the National Inpatient Sample (NIS) Methods: A retrospective cross-sectional analysis of pregnant women hospitalized between 2016 and 2021 was conducted using the NIS. HDP were modeled as a binary variable, identified using ICD-10 codes. The main exposure, CSR, was derived by summing social risk factors: median zip code income (≤50th percentile vs. >50th percentile), rurality (urban vs. rural), region of hospital (South, Midwest vs. Northeast, West), insurance type (government insurance vs. commercial/private insurance), patient residence location (urban vs. rural), and race (minority race vs. White). Univariate analyses were performed to examine the association between each social risk factor and HDP. Survey weighted multivariable logistic regression models were used to assess associations between HDP across different levels of CSR, adjusting for age and patient location. An interaction term and predicted margins were used to assess if the association of CSR and HDP changed over the study period. Results: Among 4,482,956 pregnant women (mean age: 29 5 ± 9), those in the 0-25th income percentile had 29% higher odds of HDP (OR=1.29, 95% CI: 1.27-1.32) compared to those in the ≥76th percentile. Rural women had 20% lower odds (OR=0.80, 95% CI: 0.78-0.81) compared to urban women. Black women had 56% higher odds of HDP (OR=1.56, 95% CI: 1.54-1.58) compared to White women, while Hispanic women had lower odds (OR=0.83, 95% CI: 0.81-0.84). In multivariable logistic regression models adjusted for age and calendar year, women with 4 or more cumulative social risks had significantly higher odds of HDP (OR=1.39, 95% CI: 1.31-1.48) compared to those with no risks. Predicted probabilities increased across social risk levels over the study period, with women at the highest risk showing a 20.05% probability of HDP in 2021 (95% CI: 19.51%-21.44%). Conclusion: Cumulative social risks have a progressively stronger impact on HDP over time, suggesting that worsening social inequities are exacerbating maternal health disparities. Targeted interventions addressing social risks are critical to mitigating HDP risk, especially among underserved populations.

Abstract P3168: Association Between Rurality and Socioeconomic Status on Acute Myocardial Infarction Hospitalization Among Medicare Beneficiaries

Background: Higher cardiovascular mortality rates have been observed in rural compared to urban counties. The influence of socioeconomic status (SES) on this disparity remains poorly understood. Therefore, we aimed to characterize the association between rurality and hospitalization for acute myocardial infarction (AMI) across categories of SES. Methods: We included Medicare fee-for-service beneficiaries (aged 65 years or older) with prevalent hypertension (HTN) or diabetes (DM), followed from 2017 to 2021. Residential zip codes were categorized as metropolitan, micropolitan, small town, and rural using Rural Urban Commuting Area (RUCA) Codes. SES was determined at the participant level, with dual-eligible individuals (Medicare + Medicaid) classified as low SES. First hospitalization for AMI was determined from Medicare claims. The association between rurality and AMI hospitalization was assessed through Cox proportional hazards regression models adjusted for age, race, and sex, with additional models stratified by SES. Results: We included 25,915,862 participants (mean age 73; 45% male; 97.6% HTN; 41.6% DM; 75.5% metropolitan; 15.4% low SES). HTN prevalence and low SES prevalence were numerically similar across RUCA codes, but DM was slightly lower in rural areas (42% vs. 39%, metropolitan vs. rural). After 3.9 years follow-up, we observed 1,395,853 first AMI hospitalizations, with an overall event rate of 14.3 per 1,000 person-years. AMI rates were higher in rural vs. metropolitan zip codes (15.6 vs. 13.8 per 1,000 p-years) and low vs. not-low SES (21.6 vs. 13.1 per 1,000 p-years). In adjusted models, rurality was associated with an increased AMI risk. However, this association varied by SES status with the relative impact of rurality on AMI risk attenuated among low SES beneficiaries (see Table). Conclusions: Both rurality and low SES are associated with higher AMI hospitalization rates. However, the impact of rurality on AMI risk appears attenuated among low SES beneficiaries. Further research is needed to understand the mechanisms underlying the influence of rurality on AMI risk across varying SES strata.

Abstract P1123: Longitudinal Associations of 24-hour Movement Behaviors with Heart Failure: The Jackson Heart Study

Introduction: Heart failure (HF) morbidity and mortality are disparately greater among Black individuals compared with their peers from other racial and ethnic backgrounds. Sleep, physical activity (PA), and sedentary behavior (SB) are each associated with incident HF, but these are interdependent behaviors, and integration of these exposures is needed to best understand the holistic risk for HF. Therefore, we examined the association between 24-hour compositional distribution of these behaviors and incident HF, including HF subtypes (i.e., HF with preserved ejection fraction [HFpEF] and HF with reduced ejection fraction [HFrEF]). Methods: Black adults ( N =5,306) aged 21-84 years old residing in the Jackson, MS metropolitan area were recruited to join the Jackson Heart Study (JHS) between 2000-2004 (baseline), with additional examinations 2005-2008 and 2009-2013. At baseline, usual nightly hours of sleep were self-reported using the JHS Sleep History Form, PA was collected via the JHS Physical Activity Cohort survey, and SB was calculated as the remainder of the 24 hours. Individuals with HF or a history of HF before 2005, the start of HF surveillance, were excluded. Events of incident HF, and HF subtypes, were assessed annually through 2016. Cox proportional hazard regression was used to estimate the association between the composition of 24-hour movement behavior and the risk of each outcome. Models were adjusted for baseline age, sex, education, body mass index, smoking status, diabetes, hypertension, chronic obstructive pulmonary disease, coronary heart disease, and chronic kidney disease. Results: Participants ( n =4,102) included 64% females and had a mean (SD) age of 54.5 (12.5) years. The cumulative incidence of HF was 8.1% (311 events) over a mean follow-up of 10.5 years. Most of the 24-hour day was SB (71.7%), followed by sleep (26.6%) and PA (1.7%). The proportion of time spent in PA, relative to the remaining movement behaviors, was associated with a lower risk of incident HF (0.88 [0.81, 0.95]) and HFpEF (0.86 [0.77, 0.96]). There was no association between PA and the risk of incident HFrEF. Neither the proportion of sleep nor SB, relative to the remaining movement behaviors, was associated with the risk of HF or HF subtypes. Conclusions: Among Black adults in the JHS, higher PA, relative to SB and sleep, was associated with a lower risk of incident HF and HFpEF. Promotion of habitual PA over the 24-hour cycle may reduce the risk of HF.

Abstract P3087: Comparison of Self-Reported and Adjudicated Cardiovascular, Stroke and Pulmonary Events in the Hispanic Community Health Study/Study of Latinos (HCHS/SOL)

Introduction: Observational studies often use participants’ self-reported health data to identify clinical endpoints. Information on the accuracy of self-reported cardiovascular and pulmonary events among Hispanic/Latino populations is lacking. Research Question: Are self-reported hospitalizations for cardiovascular and pulmonary events in an observational study of Hispanic/Latino participants consistent with physician adjudication of medical records? Methods: We assessed 526 participants (mean age: 54 years; 64% female) who self-reported hospitalizations during 2008-2016 annual follow-up interviews in the Hispanic Community Health Study/Study of Latinos (HCHS/SOL). Participants reported all hospitalizations within the past year and the reason for each hospitalization. Medical records for reported hospitalizations were abstracted and reviewed by two physicians to determine event classification. Disagreements between reviewers were adjudicated by a third physician. Reviewers classified each event as myocardial infarction (MI), heart failure (HF), stroke, or chronic lower respiratory disease (CLRD; defined as asthma, chronic obstructive pulmonary disease, chronic bronchitis, or emphysema). We calculated the positive predictive value (PPV) of these self-reported events as the proportion verified by physician review. We examined the PPV by gender and acculturation (measured by language preference: Spanish or English). Results: There were 90 MI, 96 HF, 112 stroke, and 538 CLRD events self-reported during follow-up. Using physician adjudication as the standard criterion, the PPV of self-reported events was 42% for MI, 25% for HF, 54% for stroke, and 18% for CLRD. The PPV of stroke among females was 43% (95% CI: 32%, 56%); the PPV among males was 65% (95% CI: 53%, 76%). The PPV of CLRD among females was 20% (95% CI: 17%, 24%); the PPV among males was 11% (95% CI: 7%, 18%). For CLRD, the PPV among those whose preferred language was Spanish was 16% (95% CI: 12%, 20%); the PPV among those whose preferred language was English was 23% (95% CI: 18%, 29%). Among self-reported MI events not confirmed by physician adjudication, the most common diagnosis was unspecified chest pain. Conclusions: In an observational study of Hispanic/Latino participants, the PPV of self-reported cardiovascular and pulmonary events is low and varies by demographics. Relying solely on self-report to ascertain cause-specific clinical events may contribute substantial bias in observational studies.

Abstract P2102: Enhancing Ischemic Stroke Risk Prediction: Functional Genomic Insights in Black and White Participants from the Reasons for Geographic and Racial Differences in Stroke (REGARDS) Study

Genome-wide association studies (GWAS) have advanced our understanding of the polygenic basis of complex human diseases. Although translating GWAS findings into clinical application remains difficult, polygenic risk scores (PRS) offer a potential approach. PRS methods aim to improve prediction, with Bayesian approaches like PRS-CS and functional-based methods such as SBayesRC. This study compares these two methods for incident ischemic stroke (IS) in Black and White participants from the Reasons for Geographic and Racial Differences in Stroke (REGARDS) study. We hypothesize that including functional annotations using SBayesRC will (1) improve IS polygenic prediction compared to PRS-CS and (2) outperform previous scores. Using summary statistics from the GIGASTROKE consortium (African ancestry n=20,924 [894 cases]; European ancestry n=1,296,908 [62,100 cases]), we developed IS PRS using SBayesRC and PRS-CS (four parameterizations, phi) for 6,569 Black (436 cases) and 1,544 White (368 cases) REGARDS participants. We applied the effect weights of two published IS PRS (Abraham and Mishra) in REGARDS. Performance was evaluated by the (1) proportion of variation in IS explained by the PRS on the liability scale (Nagelkerke’s R 2 ), (2) odds ratio (OR) per standard deviation (SD), and (3) the area under the curve (AUC), adjusting for age, sex, and genetic similarity. In REGARDS Black participants, the PRS constructed by SBayesRC explained 2.47% of the IS variation, with OR of 1.32 (1.18-1.48). While this score had stronger prediction compared to the Abraham (R 2 =0.13%, OR=1.08 [0.94, 1.23]) and Mishra (R 2 =0.59%, OR=1.16 [1.03, 1.32]) scores, PRS-CS (phi=0.01) explained 14.77% of the variation in IS, with OR of 1.69 (1.55-1.85). Among White participants, the best performing PRS was also from PRS-CS (phi=0.01) (R 2 =3.93%, OR=1.78 [1.54-2.07]). SBayesRC (R 2 =1.66%, OR=1.41 [1.24-1.61]) had stronger prediction compared to the Mishra score (R 2 =0.52%, OR=1.22 [1.07-1.39]) but was similar to the Abraham score (R 2 =2.19%, OR=1.48 [1.30-1.69]) ( Table 1) . In Black and White participants from REGARDS, adding functional annotation improved PRS prediction for IS compared to prior scores, although not as effectively as PRS-CS using large, single ancestry summary statistics. Additional validation is ongoing using data available in All of Us. In conclusion, this study underscores the need for large ancestry-specific summary statistics for PRS development.

Abstract P1127: Socioeconomic Influences on Physical Activity in Middle-Aged Adults from Rural US: The Bogalusa Heart Study

Introduction: Middle age is a pivotal period for implementing cardiovascular (CV) preventive measures, with physical activity (PA) being a key factor in preventing CV disease. However, the determinants of PA in this life stage, especially among minoritized populations in rural US areas, are not fully understood. This study investigates the relationship between socioeconomic, cardiometabolic conditions, and PA in midlife. Hypothesis: Middle-aged adults with worse socioeconomic and more CV risk factors are more likely to engage in lower levels of PA compared to moderate or high PA levels. Methods: We examined 1,289 participants (mean age 48 ± 5.24 years, 34.7% Black, 65.3% White) from the Bogalusa Heart Study, a long-term longitudinal rural study. Multinomial regression models assessed associations between education (>college), employment status, self-reported diabetes and hypertension medication use with PA scores low (minimal or no PA), moderate (>=600 MET-Minutes/week), high (>=3,000 MET-Minutes/week) measured by the International Physical Activity Questionnaire (IPAQ) long form. Models were adjusted for age, race, and sex. Results: Employed individuals were more likely to meet moderate PA score (OR=2.23, 95% CI=1.66-2.99, p<0.001 ) and high PA score (OR=2.56, 95% CI=1.83-3.59, p<0.001 ) compared to low PA, after adjusting for covariates. Similarly, higher educated (>college) individuals were more likely to engage in moderate PA in adjusted models (O =1.29, 95% CI=1.12-1.49, p<0.001 ). Diabetes medication use was associated with lower odds of moderate PA (OR=0.65, 95% CI=0.44-0.96, p =0.033) on unadjusted models, and lower odds of reporting high PA compared to low PA in adjusted models (OR=0.57, 95% CI=0.35-0.93, p =0.024). Hypertension medication use was associated with lower odds of reporting moderate PA (OR = 0.67, 95% CI=0.51-0.89, p =0.006) and high PA (OR=0.66, 95% CI=0.48-0.92, p =0.001) in unadjusted models. (Table 2) Conclusions: Education, employment, and diabetes medication use significantly influence PA levels in midlife. Participants with higher education and employment were more likely to engage in moderate to high PA, while diabetes medication users were less likely to achieve high PA. These findings highlight the need for further research into how socioeconomic factors shape PA and influence long-term CV health in vulnerable rural mixed middle-aged populations.

Abstract P3044: Co-occurring immigrant-related sanctuary policies in U.S. and receipt of antidiabetic prescriptions

The sociopolitical environment can affect healthcare seeking patterns for immigrants. Local-level sanctuary policies, which limit local law enforcement’s involvement with federal immigration law, may facilitate care by reducing exposure to policing, but their effects on immigrants’ healthcare seeking are understudied. For people with diabetes, receiving glucose-lowering medications is a necessary part of care. In prior work, we have not observed associations between antidiabetic prescription rates and a continuous index or high/low classification of county-level sanctuary policy environments. Questions about individual policy effects remain, but sanctuary policies rarely occur in isolation. Thus, we identified plausible groupings of sanctuary policies based on their typology or co-occurrence. We advance this work by examining associations between three policy groupings and receipt of antidiabetic prescriptions. We used the Immigrant Legal Resource Center’s data on seven county-level sanctuary policies in existence in 2017 and linked this with electronic health record data (using patient addresses) for non-pregnant immigrant and non-immigrant adults (18+ years old), diagnosed with diabetes and seen at OCHIN community health centers across the U.S. Exposures were three groups of sanctuary policies: Group (G)1) declines 287(g) and detention contracts and holds other sanctuary policies vs. only declines 287(g)/contracts; G2) 2-policy group of highly correlated policies vs. neither policy; and G3) 4-policy group of moderately correlated co-occuring policies vs. none of those policies. Using multilevel logistic regression, adjusted for individual- and county-level confounders, we quantified associations between policy groups and patients’ receipt of at least one antidiabetic prescription during the study period (2017-2019). Interaction with nativity status was examined. In a sample of 21,151 patients, we observed a moderate effect of the 4-policy group on receiving antidiabetic prescriptions (OR G3 : 1.32 (95%CI: 1.00-1.74)), but did not observe effects of the other groups (OR G1 : 1.02 (95%CI: 0.80-1.31); OR G2 : 1.13 (0.90-1.42)). No interaction between policies and nativity status was observed. Our findings suggest that some combinations of sanctuary policies are more impactful on receipt of antidiabetic prescriptions than others. Future work will examine the effect of these policies on other CVD-related outcomes.

Abstract P1059: Afterschool Rx: A Feasibility Study of a Community-Based Prescription for Reducing Cardiovascular Risk

Background: Engagement in afterschool programing (ASP) is associated with improved health behaviors and cardiorespiratory fitness, therefore increasing access to existing ASP may hold promise as an intervention for reducing CV risk in children. Research Question: Is existing community-based ASP a feasible intervention for reducing childhood CV risk? Goals/Aims: Our aim was to assess the feasibility of recruiting children with elevated CV risk, providing free ASP as an intervention, and collecting measures related to CV risk onsite during the programs. Methods: In a metropolitan area of the Southeastern US, potentially eligible children were invited by mailed flyer to participate in Afterschool Rx, a single-group feasibility study. Children were eligible if CV risk factors were identified via EMR (January-June 2023;overweight/obesity [OWOB], and/or elevated systolic and diastolic BP). Children had to attend an elementary school providing transportation to a participating ASP. Participants were provided with 17-weeks of free ASP in Spring 2024. Height, weight, body composition (BIA), and carotid femoral PWV were measured onsite at the beginning and end of the program. Descriptive feasibility data is presented. Results: From EMR records, 7,265 children were eligible. Of those, 2,239 lived in a zip code with a participating ASP and 1,787 were randomly selected to receive mailed recruitment flyers. Flyer QR codes were scanned 222 times (10% engagement), 74 families consented to participate (33% conversion), of which 32 children attended schools with participating ASP. Across 5 ASPs, 22 spots were initially available, though 5 families dropped out of the study prior to registration and 5 were unable to register due to capacity limitations at ASPs. At baseline, the 12 enrolled children had a mean age of 10 (SD 1.24; range 8-13), 58% (n=7) were female, and 42% (n=5) were non-Hispanic Black. Six children had OWOB with normal BP, one had normal weight and elevated BP, 5 had OWOB and elevated BP. Height, weight, body composition, and BP measures were taken for 92% (n=11) at pre and post, while PWV was captured for 10 (83%). Conclusion: Afterschool Rx was successful in recruiting children with elevated CV risk, providing free ASP, and collecting measures onsite at ASP. Difficulties with ASP enrollment was identified an intervention transition point that could be improved. Overall community-based prescription for ASPs is feasible and well-suited for additional development and testing.

Evidence for a possible quantum effect on the formation of lithium-doped amorphous calcium phosphate from solution

Differential isotope effects are an emerging tool for discovering possible nontrivial quantum mechanical effects within biological systems. However, it is often nearly impossible to elucidate the exact mechanisms by which a biological isotope effect manifests due to the complexity of these systems. As such, one proposed in vitro system of study for a quantum isotope effect is calcium phosphate aggregation, where symmetric calcium phosphate molecular species, known as Posner molecules, have been theorized to have phosphorus nuclear spin–dependent self-binding rates, which could be differently modulated by doping with stable lithium isotopes. Here, we present in vitro evidence for such a differential lithium isotope effect on the formation and aggregation of amorphous calcium phosphate from solution under certain conditions. Experiments confirm that lithium incorporates into amorphous calcium phosphate, with 7 Li found to promote a greater abundance of observable calcium phosphate particles than 6 Li under identical solution preparations. These in vitro results offer a potential explanation for in vivo biological studies that have shown differential lithium isotope effects. Given the importance of calcium phosphate in biological systems—ranging from mitochondrial signaling pathways to key biomineralization processes, as well as the proposed role of Posner molecules as a “neural qutrit”—these results present an important step in understanding calcium phosphate nucleation as well as the potential role of calcium phosphate for quantum biology and processing.

Abstract P1064: Central Vascular Implication in Neurocognitive Functioning among Men Living with and without HIV

Background: Neurocognitive impairment is linked to aging, vascular stiffness, and HIV infection. The role of vascular stiffness in neurocognitive functioning among men with HIV (MWH) remains unclear. This study examined the relationship between carotid artery distensibility and neurocognitive decline in MWH and men without HIV (MWoH), while exploring whether HIV serostatus and age influenced the association. Methods: Baseline vascular and cognitive assessments (2004-2013) were measured in the Multicenter AIDS Cohort Study. Carotid distensibility was measured using B-mode ultrasound. Neurocognitive function was assessed via executive function (Trail Making B) and psychomotor/information processing speed (Trail Making A, Symbol Digit Modalities Test) over a 6.5-year follow-up. Mixed effects linear regression was used to evaluate the association between baseline stiffness and the progression of neurocognitive function, with time operationalized as participant age. Models were adjusted for demographic, behavioral, and cardiometabolic risk factors. Results: Among 717 men, (mean age 49.9 years, 62.9% non-Hispanic White), 459 (64%) were MWH. In MWH, lower distensibility (higher stiffness) at baseline was associated with greater neurocognitive decline with increasing age in Trail Making A (β=-0.03, p <0.001) and Trail Making B (β=-0.02, p =0.02), but not in Symbol Digit Modalities Test. Among MWoH, lower distensibility at baseline was associated with greater neurocognitive decline with increasing age in Trail Making B (β=-0.03, p=0.002) only. The longitudinal association of distensibility with neurocognition only differed by HIV serostatus for Trail Making A ( p <0.05), when assessing the three-way interaction of serostatus, age, and distensibility. Conclusions: Increased vascular stiffness was linked to significant neurocognitive decline in both MWH and MWoH after adjusting for confounding factors. Addressing cardiovascular risk factors may help prevent neurocognitive decline in this population.

Abstract P3123: Assessing The Cardiovascular Health Status Using “Life’s Essential 8” Among Undergraduate Students

Introduction: Cardiovascular diseases (CVDs) are a major concern worldwide. Unhealthy lifestyle and habits can greatly increase the risk of developing CVD. Additionally, compelling evidence suggests an increase in modifiable risk factors among young people globally. This highlights the importance of early intervention and lifestyle changes to prevent the development of CVD later in life, as those recommended by the American Heart Association’s (AHA) Life’s Essential 8 (LE8). Purpose: We assessed cardiovascular health (CVH) status among male and female undergraduate students using the AHA LE8 score. Methods: Overall 106 undergraduate students aged 18 to 24 years without pre-existing history of cardiovascular disease were included. Participants’ overall CVH was analyzed using the LE8 score (0-100)which is categorized as ideal (80-100), intermediate (50-79), and poor (0-50). We had a sample size of 60 males and 46 females, with 52 students being Pakistani nationals and 54 students being of different ethnic groups (Kyrgyz, Uzbek, Turkish etc.), thus the data analysis was stratified by sex and ethnicity. Results: In the overall study sample of 106 students, the mean LE8 score was 76.67 (0.17). The highest and lowest factors were blood sugar 96.98 (0.067) and diet 36.368 (0.545), respectively. The gender-based analysis showed that in male the CVH score was 75.973 (0.463) while in female it was 77.407 (0.463). Conclusions: In conclusion our study indicate that the university students had intermediate CVH health status. No significant difference in the LE8 Score between male and female was observed. Of all the participants, only 39,6% of students had ideal CVH. Hence, we concluded that it is important to raise awareness about the risk factors associated with cardiovascular disease among young people, especially students. Implementing educational strategies to inform students about these risk factors could be a valuable approach to promoting lifestyle changes and preventing cardiac problems in this population.

Randomized Study Comparing a Novel Intranasal Formulation of Bumetanide With Oral and Intravenous Formulations

Characterizing sliding and rolling contacts between single particles

Contacts between particles in dense, sheared suspensions are believed to underpin much of their rheology. Roughness and adhesion are known to constrain the relative motion of particles, and thus globally affect the shear response, but an experimental description of how they microscopically influence the transmission of forces and relative displacements within contacts is lacking. Here, we show that an innovative colloidal-probe atomic force microscopy technique allows the simultaneous measurement of normal and tangential forces exchanged between tailored surfaces and microparticles while tracking their relative sliding and rolling, unlocking the direct measurement of coefficients of rolling friction, as well as of sliding friction. We demonstrate that, in the presence of sufficient traction, particles spontaneously roll, reducing dissipation and promoting longer-lasting contacts. Conversely, when rolling is prevented, friction is greatly enhanced for rough and adhesive surfaces, while smooth particles coated by polymer brushes maintain well-lubricated contacts. We find that surface roughness induces rolling due to load-dependent asperity interlocking, leading to large off-axis particle rotations. In contrast, smooth, adhesive surfaces promote rolling along the principal axis of motion. Our results offer direct values of friction coefficients for numerical studies and an interpretation of the onset of discontinuous shear thickening based on them, opening up ways to tailor rheology via contact engineering.