Browse Articles
Discover research articles across all indexed journals
Side‐Chain Symmetry Breaking in Naphthalene Diimides Decouples High Concentration From Cycling Stability in Neutral Aqueous Organic Redox Flow Batteries
ABSTRACT Neutral aqueous organic redox flow batteries (AORFBs) offer a promising pathway for transitioning renewables from supplementary to primary energy sources. However, their advancement is constrained by the limited long‐term cycling stability and sluggish redox kinetics of materials under high‐concentration conditions. Although introducing hydrophilic groups can mitigate these issues, highly symmetric molecular architectures often impose performance penalties. In this study, a series of asymmetrically modified naphthalene diimide derivatives were synthesized via a one‐pot symmetry‐breaking strategy, which diol‐dex‐NDI achieves a high solubility of 1.82 M. Density functional theory and Molecular dynamics simulations reveal that diol‐dex‐NDI preferentially adopts a dynamic antiparallel π–π stacking mode, enhancing thermodynamic stability while effectively suppressing molecular aggregation. In situ Raman spectroscopy uncovers hydration shell dynamics during electron transfer, showing a 35% reduction in desolvation energy barrier compared to dex‐NDI. Furthermore, π–π and dipole interactions with the electrode enhance adsorption energy and accelerate electron transfer. This molecular design also strengthens the key C─N bond, as evidenced by increased bond dissociation energy, thereby intrinsically improving resistance to electrochemical degradation. Leveraging these advantages, 1.0 M (2 M e − ) diol‐dex‐NDI/MiAcNH‐TEMPO ‐based AORFB delivers stable performance over 620 cycles without notable capacity decay. This work highlights the potential of symmetry‐breaking molecular engineering for practical AORFB applications.
Comparative analysis of phase-specific plasma Epstein–Barr virus DNA signatures in Malaysian nasopharyngeal carcinoma
Upcycling Water Pollutants Into Long‐Chain Polymers via Synergistic Interfacial Dechlorination and Organic Radical Stabilization
ABSTRACT High‐entropy oxides (HEOs) offer unusual electronic structures arising from lattice distortion, multimetal synergy, and high chemical stability. Here we report nitrogen‐doped carbon‐encapsulated HEOs catalysts (HEO@NC) synthesized by in situ carbothermal reduction for efficient pollutant removal and upcycling through selective oxidative polymerization. HEO@NC activates periodate via an electron‐transfer pathway coupled with surface‐adsorbed hydroxyl radicals, enabling the selective conversion of phenolic contaminants into polymeric products under extreme pH and strong ionic interference. Relative to metal‐free nitrogen‐doped carbon, HEO@NC markedly enhances periodate activation through interfacial electronic coupling and achieves a periodate utilization efficiency of 449.2%, far exceeding that of conventional mineralization. Density functional theory and experimental analyses reveal complementary roles of the HEOs components: Co/Ni provide periodate‐binding sites, Pt lowers the barrier for electron transport, Bi/Pb promote charge delocalization to stabilize polymeric intermediates, and oxygen orbitals strengthen periodate coordination and surface charge transfer via p – d hybridization. This synergy drives dechlorination‐coupled polymerization with sustained 4‐chlorophenol removal at ultralow oxidant consumption. HEO@NC further maintained > 95% efficiency with negligible metal leaching during 20‐day treatment of real coal chemical wastewater, demonstrating the potential for sustainable and low‐chemical‐consumption remediation of industrial‐relevant wastewater.
Stress recovery effects of visual exposure to bamboo landscapes in urban parks: Evidence from physiological and psychological responses
CD163 expression in M2 macrophages of primary and metastatic head and neck squamous cell carcinoma
Association of drinking water fluoride with dental fluorosis and caries among schoolchildren in Al-Ahsa, Saudi Arabia
Knowledge, attitudes, and practices regarding avian influenza among poultry-related occupational groups in three provinces of China
Abstract The global risk of avian influenza outbreaks has increased significantly in recent years, posing substantial threats to both the poultry industry and public health due to frequent human infection cases. Occupational groups within the poultry industry face particularly high infection risks because of prolonged close contact with poultry. This study aimed to identify differences in knowledge, attitudes, and practices (KAP) regarding avian influenza among various occupational categories, pinpoint weaknesses in prevention and control, and provide scientific evidence to support targeted intervention strategies. We conducted a cross-sectional survey using stratified random sampling among 1,362 individuals engaged in poultry-related occupations in Anhui, Sichuan, and Guangxi provinces, China, from May to July 2025. Data on avian influenza-related knowledge, attitudes, and practices (KAP) were collected through electronic questionnaires. Statistical analyses were performed using SPSS 27.0, employing descriptive statistics, chi-square tests for group comparisons, and multivariate logistic regression to identify factors associated with KAP levels. A total of 1,194 valid questionnaires were collected. The overall KAP qualification rate among survey participants was 48.16%, with knowledge awareness being the lowest (33.84%), the positive attitude rate was 83.42%, and the positive practice rate was 41.46%. Multivariate analysis identified distinct factors influencing knowledge, attitude, and practice. Regarding knowledge, commercial farm workers (aOR = 1.87,95%CI:1.24–2.81) and backyard farmers(aOR = 2.40,95%CI:1.37–4.21) had higher levels than live poultry market workers, with urban residents(aOR = 1.49,95%CI:1.06–2.09), higher education, and absence of chronic disease (aOR = 1.94,95%CI:1.30–2.91) also predicting better knowledge. For attitude, commercial farm workers (aOR = 3.02,95%CI:1.67–5.46) and urban residents (aOR = 2.84,95%CI:1.79–4.51) were more positive. For practice, workers in Guangxi outperformed those in Anhui (aOR = 1.72,95%CI:1.06–2.79); commercial farm workers (aOR = 7.01,95%CI:4.55–10.80) and slaughterhouse workers (aOR = 6.33,95%CI:3.63–11.05) outperformed live poultry market workers, while backyard farmers showed poorer practices (aOR = 0.40,95%CI:0.22–0.74); females exhibited better practices than males (aOR = 1.33,95% CI:1.01–1.77). Furthermore, mobile internet (59.55%) and television/radio (50.42%) were the primary sources of information across all occupational groups. The findings reveal a pattern of superficial knowledge, and positive attitudes that do not translate into effective protective practices. Live poultry market workers, backyard farmers, individuals with lower education levels, and those residing in rural areas demonstrated poorer knowledge of avian influenza, while males exhibited lower adoption rates of protective practices. These populations should be prioritized as key targets for intervention. It is recommended to implement targeted health communication through new media platforms to enhance the coverage and effectiveness of intervention measures.
RSP-net: an effective framework for automated root cause location in wireless network optimization scene
Inside Front Cover: Side‐Chain Symmetry Breaking in Naphthalene Diimides Decouples High Concentration From Cycling Stability in Neutral Aqueous Organic Redox Flow Batteries (Angew. Chem. Int. Ed. 32/2026)
A progressive augmented reality framework for learning Arduino through physical and digital interaction
Assessing a reduced-channel algorithm for end-to-end seizure detection on multiday EEG using inter-rater agreement with epileptologists
The effect of Zataria multiflora mouthwash on the severity of chemotherapy-induced oral mucositis: a randomized controlled clinical trial
Retrieval processes, phenomenology, and importance for self-identity of unique vs. repeated events in autobiographical memory
Abstract Studies on autobiographical memory (AM) have primarily focused on unique or specific events that had happened at a particular time and place and did not last longer than 24 h. Very little is known about AMs of repeated or general events despite their prevalence and potential importance for self-identity. To address this gap in the literature, 60 participants completed a within-subjects experiment where they recalled 1880 AMs of unique and repeated events from the recent and distant past, and rated AMs on retrieval and phenomenological characteristics, and importance for self-identity and lifetime periods. Results revealed shorter retrieval latencies, lower retrieval effort ratings, and higher prevalence of direct retrieval for AMs of repeated events compared to unique events. Moreover, repeated events were rated as more important for self-identity and for defining lifetime periods. Although the phenomenological memory characteristics of unique and repeated events were similar, unique events were rated as more emotionally positive while repeated events had been more frequently rehearsed. Theoretical and practical implications of the findings are discussed primarily with respect to AM accessibility and retrieval accounts as well as how different types of events contribute to the conceptual self.
Fatigue damage behavior and structural optimisation of asphalt concrete-reinforced subgrade in ballastless tracks under extreme climates
Abstract In cold regions, extreme cold and freeze–thaw cycles cause frost heave, layer separation, and fatigue cracks in high-speed railway ballastless tracks, posing a risk to the structure and safety. This study examines CRTS III tracks with full-scale fatigue tests at − 48 °C and freeze–thaw cycles (− 50 °C to 45.8 °C), comparing three subgrade structures (with and without asphalt layers of varying thickness). A track-subgrade finite element model evaluates the impacts of asphalt thicknesses (7, 8, 10, 12 cm) on fatigue damage. The asphalt layer greatly boosts cold elastic stability, resists plastic deformation, and curbs frost heave; benefits rise with thickness. Fatigue damage mainly comes from tensile stress caused by train traction. Increasing asphalt thickness boosts fatigue resistance, but gains shrink beyond 10 cm: raising thickness from 10 to 12 cm lowers damage by just 0.83%. Balancing deformation, fatigue, and cost, 10 cm is the best asphalt layer thickness. This study offers a quantitative basis for safe ballastless track design in cold regions.
Prednisone, not vamorolone, suppresses novel serum bone and cartilage biomarkers associated with growth failure in children with Duchenne muscular dystrophy
Rearing history, larval density, and larval developmental stage affect volatile- and light-mediated diel hiding behavior in Mythimna unipuncta
Effects of bone-anchored maxillary protraction in cleft lip and palate - a single-arm prospective observational study
Abstract To describe changes in maxillofacial morphology observed during bone-anchored maxillary protraction (BAMP) treatment in children with cleft lip and palate (CLP). This prospective, single-arm observational study included 20 consecutively treated patients with CLP (60% male; mean age at baseline (T1), 11.7 ± 1.0 years) who underwent BAMP therapy as part of a treatment protocol. Lateral cephalograms were obtained at baseline (T1) and at the end of maxillary protraction (T2; mean age, 15.3 ± 1.6 years). Protraction was considered complete when a positive overjet with adequate incisor overlap had been achieved and judged stable by the treating orthodontist, or when no further sagittal improvement was observed over two consecutive annual reviews, after which the miniplates were removed. Skeletal and dental changes were assessed using cephalometric measurements. Method error was evaluated using intraclass correlation coefficients. Statistical analyses included paired comparisons and exploratory univariable regression analyses. Significant increases were observed in the SNPg angle, midfacial length, mandibular length, and maxillomandibular difference, accompanied by a significant reduction in the SN/GoMe angle. The SNA angle increased by 1.3° from T1 to T2; however, this change did not reach statistical significance (95% CI: -0.17 to 2.66). Exploratory univariable analyses suggested that baseline age and observation time were associated with selected skeletal changes; these analyses were hypothesis-generating only. BAMP therapy was not associated with a statistically significant change in maxillary sagittal position (SNA), and overall skeletal changes were modest; clinicians should therefore maintain realistic expectations regarding the extent of skeletal correction achievable. Because the primary outcome (SNA) was not statistically significant, these findings are hypothesis-generating; whether BAMP can stabilise maxillary position during growth in milder discrepancies, and thereby reduce the likelihood of later orthognathic surgery, requires confirmation in controlled studies. Because the study had no control group, the observed T1-T2 changes cannot be separated from normal growth, and no causal effect of BAMP can be inferred.
Active-passive RRT based multi-arm frame disassembly robot planning for belt conveyors in coal mine
Abstract Belt conveyors are vital in coal mine production and need disassembly per mining progress. To improve production safety, a kinematic-based disassembly planning method for multi-arm frame disassembly robots is proposed. Firstly, D-H parameters are applied to the robot’s kinematic models and disassembly process. Secondly, an active-passive extended rapidly-exploring random trees (APRRT) algorithm is proposed, using Sobol sequences, node weight strategies and an active-passive dual tree extension strategy for dual-arm collaborative planning. Additionally, a collision warning method based on multi-geometry envelope is introduced to enhance safety. Simulation and physical experiments verify the method’s feasibility that APRRT reduces path length by over 23% and exploration time by over 14% compared with traditional algorithms, with stable performance meeting expected requirements.