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Feshbach hypothesis of high-Tc superconductivity in cuprates
AbstractResonant interactions associated with the emergence of a bound state constitute one of the cornerstones of modern many-body physics. Here we present a Feshbach perspective on the origin of strong pairing in Fermi-Hubbard type models. We perform a theoretical analysis of interactions between spin-polaron charge carriers in doped Mott insulators, modeled by a near-resonant two-channel scattering problem, and report evidence for Feshbach-type interactions in the $${d}_{{x}^{2}-{y}^{2}}$$ d x 2 − y 2 channel, consistent with the established phenomenology of cuprates. Existing experimental and numerical results on hole-doped cuprates lead us to conjecture the existence of a light, long-lived, low-energy excited state of two holes, which enables near-resonant interactions. To put our theory to a test we suggest to use coincidence angle-resolved photoemission spectroscopy (cARPES), pair-tunneling measurements or pump-probe experiments. The emergent Feshbach resonance among spin-polarons could also underlie superconductivity in other doped antiferromagnetic Mott insulators highlighting its potential as a unifying strong-coupling pairing mechanism rooted in quantum magnetism.
How I treat Philadelphia chromosome–like acute lymphoblastic leukemia in children, adolescents, and young adults
Abstract Philadelphia chromosome–like acute lymphoblastic leukemia (Ph-like ALL) represents a high-risk B-lineage ALL subtype characterized by adverse clinical features and poor relapse-free survival despite risk–adapted multiagent chemotherapy regimens. The advent of next-generation sequencing has unraveled the diversity of kinase-activating genetic drivers in Ph-like ALL that are potentially amenable to personalized molecularly-targeted therapies. Based upon robust preclinical data and promising case series of clinical activity of tyrosine kinase inhibitor (TKI)–based treatment in adults and children with relevant genetic Ph-like ALL subtypes, several clinical trials have investigated the efficacy of JAK- or ABL-directed TKIs in cytokine receptor-like factor 2 (CRLF2)/JAK pathway-mutant or ABL-class Ph-like ALL, respectively. The final results of these trials are pending, and standard-of-care therapeutic approaches for patients with Ph-like ALL have yet to be defined. In this How I Treat perspective, we review recent literature to guide current evidence-based treatment recommendations via illustrative clinical vignettes of children, adolescents, and young adults with newly diagnosed or relapsed/refractory Ph-like ALL, and we further highlight open and soon-to-open trials investigating immunotherapy and TKIs specifically for this high-risk patient population.
Immunologic investigations into transgene directed immune-mediated myositis following delandistrogene moxeparvovec gene therapy
Asymmetric distribution of G-quadruplex forming sequences in genomes of retroviruses
Sulfonated polystyrene foam waste as an efficient catalyst for Friedel-Crafts type reactions
Moiré band structure engineering using a twisted boron nitride substrate
How I treat ETP-ALL in children
Abstract Early T-cell precursor acute lymphoblastic leukemia (ETP-ALL) is a unique subtype of immature T-cell ALL that was initially associated with a dramatically inferior prognosis compared with non-ETP T-cell ALL (Not-ETP) when it was first described in 2009. Analyses of larger patient cohorts treated with more contemporary regimens, however, have shown minimal survival differences between ETP and Not-ETP. In this manuscript, we use representative cases to explore therapeutic advances and address common clinical questions regarding the management of children, adolescents, and young adults with ETP-ALL. We describe our recommended treatment approach for a child or adolescent with newly diagnosed ETP-ALL, with an emphasis on the prognostic significance of induction failure and detectable minimal residual disease and the role of hematopoietic stem cell transplant in first remission. We discuss the interplay between the ETP immunophenotype and genomic markers of immaturity in T-cell ALL. Finally, we review novel therapeutic approaches that should be considered when managing relapsed or refractory ETP-ALL.
An exploration of the influencing factors of privacy fatigue among mobile social media users from the configuration perspective
Non-contact lensless holographic reconstruction of diffractive intraocular lenses profiles
Ripening associated antioxidant and phytochemical changes in mango (Mangifera indica) cultivar Dusehri
Spatial transcriptomics of healthy and fibrotic human liver at single-cell resolution
How I treat infant acute lymphoblastic leukemia
Abstract Infant acute lymphoblastic leukemia (ALL) is an aggressive malignancy that has historically been associated with a very poor prognosis. Despite large cooperative international trials and incremental increases in intensity of therapy, there has been no significant improvement in outcome over the last 3 decades. Using representative cases, we highlight the key differences between KMT2A-rearranged and KMT2A–germ line infant ALL, and how advances in molecular diagnostics are unpicking KMT2A–germ line genetics and guiding treatment reduction. We focus on KM2TA-rearranged infant B-cell ALL for which the last few years have seen the emergence of novel therapies that both are more effective and less toxic than conventional chemotherapy. Of these, there is promising early data on the efficacy and tolerability of the bispecific T-cell engager monoclonal antibody, blinatumomab, as well as the use of autologous and allogeneic chimeric antigen receptor T-cell therapy. We discuss how we can improve risk stratification and incorporate these new agents to replace the most toxic elements of currently deployed intensive chemotherapy schedules with their associated unacceptable toxicity.
Development of nanofiber facial mask inspired by the multi-function of dried ginger (Zingiberis Rhizoma) essential oil
Expression pattern of cancer-associated cellular senescence genes in clear cell renal cell carcinoma distinguishes tumor subclasses with clinical implications
Association between the systemic immunity-inflammation index and stroke: a population-based study from NHANES (2015–2020)
Interplay between disorder and topology in Thouless pumping on a superconducting quantum processor
How I treat older patients with Ph/BCR-ABL–negative acute lymphoblastic leukemia
Abstract Despite advancements in new treatments, management of older patients with acute lymphoblastic leukemia (ALL) remains an unmet medical need. With increasing age, patients with ALL have a significantly lower complete remission rate, higher early mortality and relapse rate, and poorer survival than younger patients. This is attributed to a higher prevalence of adverse prognostic factors among older individuals and reduced tolerance to chemotherapy. Progress has been made in tailoring moderately intensive chemotherapy protocols for Philadelphia chromosome (Ph)/BCR::ABL–negative ALL in older patients, and recent phase 2 studies have explored integrating immunotherapy into initial treatment with very promising results. However, establishing new standard regimens for this age group remains and improving general management strategy is a pending task.