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Characterization of gut microbiota on gender and age groups bias in Thai patients with autism spectrum disorder

Scientific Reports Benjaporn Bhusri, Sawannee Sutheeworapong, Weerayuth Kittichotirat et al. Jan 20, 2025 DOI: 10.1038/s41598-025-86740-2

Comparative assessment of empirical and hybrid machine learning models for estimating daily reference evapotranspiration in sub-humid and semi-arid climates

Scientific Reports Siham Acharki, Ali Raza, Dinesh Kumar Vishwakarma et al. Jan 20, 2025 DOI: 10.1038/s41598-024-83859-6

Abstract Improving the accuracy of reference evapotranspiration (RET) estimation is essential for effective water resource management, irrigation planning, and climate change assessments in agricultural systems. The FAO-56 Penman-Monteith (PM-FAO56) model, a widely endorsed approach for RET estimation, often encounters limitations due to the lack of complete meteorological data. This study evaluates the performance of eight empirical models and four machine learning (ML) models, along with their hybrid counterparts, in estimating daily RET within the Gharb and Loukkos irrigated perimeters in Morocco. The ML models examined include Random Forest (RF), M5 Pruned (M5P), eXtreme Gradient Boosting (XGBoost), and Light Gradient Boosting Machine (LightGBM), with hybrid combinations of RF-M5P, RF-XGBoost, RF-LightGBM, and XGBoost-LightGBM. Six input combinations were created, utilizing Tmax, Tmin, RHmean, Rs, and U2, with the PM-FAO56 model serving as the benchmark. Model performance was assessed using four statistical indicators: Kling-Gupta efficiency index (KGE), coefficient of determination (R2), mean squared error (RMSE), and relative root squared error (RRSE). Results indicate that the Valiantzas 2013 (VAL2013b) model outperformed other empirical models across all stations, achieving high KGE and R2 values (0.95–0.97) and low RMSE (0.32–0.35 mm/day) and RRSE (8.14–10.30%). The XGBoost-LightGBM and RF-LightGBM hybrid models exhibited the highest accuracy (average RMSE of 0.015–0.097 mm/day), underscoring the potential of hybrid ML models for RET estimation in subhumid and semi-arid regions, thereby enhancing water resource management and irrigation scheduling.

Generation and propagation of high fecundity gene edited fine wool sheep by CRISPR/Cas9

Scientific Reports Xuemei Zhang, Meiyu Qiu, Bing Han et al. Jan 20, 2025 DOI: 10.1038/s41598-025-86592-w

Comparative response of fennel, ajwain, and anise in terms of osmolytes accumulation, ion imbalance, photosynthetic and growth functions under salinity

Scientific Reports Javad Nouripour-Sisakht, Parviz Ehsanzadeh, Mohammad H. Ehtemam Jan 20, 2025 DOI: 10.1038/s41598-025-86256-9

Electro-tactile modulation of muscle activation and intermuscular coordination in the human upper extremity

Scientific Reports Hy Doan, Shahabedin Tavasoli, Gang Seo et al. Jan 20, 2025 DOI: 10.1038/s41598-025-86342-y

Exploring the utility of different bulking agents for speeding up the composting process of household kitchen waste

Scientific Reports Sania Mussa, Muhammad Farhan, Shoaib Ahmad et al. Jan 20, 2025 DOI: 10.1038/s41598-025-85433-0

Abstract Household kitchen waste (HKW) is produced in large quantity and its management is difficult due to high moisture content and complex organic matter. Aerobic composting of HKW is an easy, efficient, cost-effective and eco-friendly method. This study is designed to achieve a zero-waste concept and to convert HKW. We optimized the type and size of three different bulking agents to speed up the composting process. The tested bulking agents were fallen leaves, sawdust and fly ash. The results showed a higher and longer thermophilic phase (55oC) for 11 days in C2. Higher moisture content (69%) and higher organic matter degradation (38.4%) were also observed in C2. The pH range in all compost treatments was 7-8.5, Electrical conductivity range was 1.8–3.55 mS/cm, C/N ratio range was 15.4–18.1, water holding capacity range was 3.25–4.3 g water/g dry sample, total potassium range was 1.52–1.61%, total phosphorous range was 0.83–1.14%. The highest germination index (119.1%) was also obtained in C2. The highest chili height (16.7 cm), greater number of leaves (20), greater shoot fresh weight (4.75 g) and root fresh weight (1.2 g) was obtained in the presence of C2. Similarly, greater water WHC (2.8 g water/g DW), higher porosity (55.49%) and higher aggregate stability (54.14%) of soil was also obtained by C2. This research effectively reduced the maturation time to 32 days and converted kitchen waste into compost (resource). This is a very practical idea for home composting and kitchen gardening to combat food security issues in developing countries.

Landslide hazard assessment of an urban agglomeration in central Guizhou Province based on an information value method and SVM, bagging, DNN algorithm

Scientific Reports Junhua Luo, Zulun Zhao, Wei Li et al. Jan 20, 2025 DOI: 10.1038/s41598-025-86258-7

Machine learning validation of the AVAS classification compared to ultrasound mapping in a multicentre study

Scientific Reports Katerina Lawrie, Petr Waldauf, Peter Balaz et al. Jan 20, 2025 DOI: 10.1038/s41598-025-86456-3

Plasma S100A8/A9 level predicts response to immune checkpoint inhibitors in patients with advanced non-small cell lung cancer

Scientific Reports Tadahiro Kuribayashi, Rie Kinoshita, Kiichiro Ninomiya et al. Jan 20, 2025 DOI: 10.1038/s41598-025-87232-z

Trip route optimization based on bus transit using genetic algorithm with different crossover techniques: a case study in Konya/Türkiye

Scientific Reports Akylai Bolotbekova, Huseyin Hakli, Ayse Beskirli Jan 20, 2025 DOI: 10.1038/s41598-025-86695-4

Sex-modulated association between thyroid stimulating hormone and informant-perceived anxiety in non-depressed older adults: Prediction models and relevant cutoff value

Scientific Reports Asma Hallab Jan 20, 2025 DOI: 10.1038/s41598-025-86703-7

Abstract The aim of this study was to assess the association between thyroid function and perceived anxiety in non-depressed older adults. Non-depressed Alzheimer’s Disease Neuroimaging Initiative (ADNI) participants with complete Thyroid Stimulating Hormone (TSH) and neuropsychiatric inventory (NPI/NPI-Q) were included. The association between anxiety and thyroid function was assessed by logistic regression and sex stratification. Restricted cubic splines were applied to evaluate non-linearity in the association. The median age of 2,114 eligible participants was 73 years (68–78), 1,117 (52.84%) were males, and the median TSH was 1.69 µIU/mL. There was a significant association between TSH and informant-perceived anxiety in the total study population (OR Model1  = 0.86, 95%CI 0.76–0.97, p  = 0.011), even after adjusting for bio-demographical (adj.OR Model2  = 0.85, 95%CI 0.75–0.96, p  = 0.007), and socio-cognitive confounders (adj.OR Model3  = 0.84, 95%CI 0.73–0.96, p  = 0.009). Sex-stratification showed similar significant results in all male-specific models (OR Model1-male  = 0.71, 95%CI: 0.58–0.85, p Model1-male  < 0.001). In the general population and males, a TSH value of 2.4 µIU/dL was a significant cutoff under which anxiety odds were significantly high, even after adjusting for confounders. The sex-dependent association between TSH levels and perceived anxiety in non-depressed older adults is a novel finding that has to be further explored for a better understanding of the underlying neurobehavioral biology.

The psychometric properties of the Thai version of the Zuckerman–Kuhlman-Aluja personality questionnaire

Scientific Reports Tinakon Wongpakaran, Nahathai Wongpakaran, Zsuzsanna Kövi Jan 20, 2025 DOI: 10.1038/s41598-025-85824-3

Association of Premature Ventricular Contraction (PVC) with hematological parameters: a data mining approach

Scientific Reports Nafiseh Hosseini, Sara Saffar Soflaei, Pooria Salehi-Sangani et al. Jan 20, 2025 DOI: 10.1038/s41598-025-86557-z

Human–robot interactions and experiences of staff and service robots in aged care

Scientific Reports Valeria Macalupu, Evonne Miller, Lee Martin et al. Jan 20, 2025 DOI: 10.1038/s41598-025-86255-w

Raman and ATR-FTIR unmask crystallinity changes and carboxylate group and vinyl group accumulation in natural weathering polypropylene microplastics

Scientific Reports Raihan Anshari, Motohiro Tsuboi, Harumi Sato et al. Jan 20, 2025 DOI: 10.1038/s41598-025-85837-y

Triple-attentions based salient object detector for strip steel surface defects

Scientific Reports Li Zhang, Xirui Li, Yange Sun et al. Jan 20, 2025 DOI: 10.1038/s41598-025-86353-9

Associations between dietary fatty acids and kidney stones

Scientific Reports Ning Tan, Ya Zhang Jan 20, 2025 DOI: 10.1038/s41598-025-86850-x

Research on hot deformation characterization of a new weathering steel through processing map and microstructural observation

Scientific Reports Jian Cheng Jan 20, 2025 DOI: 10.1038/s41598-025-86619-2

Symptom clusters and networks analysis in acute-phase stroke patients: a cross-sectional study

Scientific Reports Siyu Zhou, Yuan Zhang, Huijuan He et al. Jan 20, 2025 DOI: 10.1038/s41598-024-84642-3

Triadic balance and network evolution in predictive models of signed networks

Scientific Reports Hsuan-Wei Lee, Pei-Chin Lu, Hsiang-Chuan Sha et al. Jan 20, 2025 DOI: 10.1038/s41598-024-85078-5