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Tissue factor-dependent colitogenic CD4+ T cell thrombogenicity is regulated by activated protein C signalling
Abstract Patients with inflammatory bowel disease (IBD) have an increased risk of venous thromboembolism (VTE), but the underlying mechanistic basis remains poorly defined. Here, we find that colitogenic CD4 + T cells express tissue factor (TF) and promote rapid TF-dependent plasma thrombin generation. TF + CD3 + CD4 + T cells are present in both the colons of mice with experimental colitis and blood and colonic tissue from patients with IBD. Expression of genes involved in regulating coagulation, including Protein C (PC; encoded by PROC) and its receptor ( PROCR) , are dysregulated in IBD patient gut biopsy tissues. Moreover, activated PC signalling reduces the procoagulant activity mediated by TF + CD4 + T cells. Our data thus identify TF-induced, colitogenic T cell-mediated thrombogenicity, and also demonstrate a new function for activated PC signalling in regulating T cell thrombo-inflammatory activity.
Unmasking the halide effect in diastereoselective Grignard reactions applied to C4´ modified nucleoside synthesis
Chiral plasmonic superlattices from template-assisted assembly of achiral nanoparticles
Abstract The creation of chiral plasmonic architectures combining templates with achiral plasmonic particles leads to strong chiroptical responses that can be finely tuned via the characteristics of the colloidal building blocks. Here we show how elastomeric molds, pre-patterned with a hexagonal array of triskelia motifs, can guide the assembly of ordinary noble metal colloids into chiral plasmonic architectures with strong dichroism values. Under normal incidence, the chiral arrays made with gold and silver colloids showed g-factors of 0.18 and 0.4, respectively. In all cases, increasing the size of the colloid allows tuning the optical properties of the structure in the VIS-NIR range. When a superstrate layer is deposited onto the structures, the extrinsic chirality response of the 2D superlattice is revealed and strongly amplified by the chiral motifs under oblique inspection, leading to g-factors of ± 1.2 at ± 14°. Finally, these chiral plasmonic resonances sustained by the triskelion array are used to produce circularly polarized photoluminescence from achiral organic dyes placed on top with up to 20% of dissymmetry.
Learning and actioning general principles of cancer cell drug sensitivity
Antisense oligonucleotide-mediated TRA2β poison exon inclusion induces the expression of a lncRNA with anti-tumor effects
Circularly polarized OLEDs from chiral plasmonic nanoparticle-molecule hybrids
Abstract Organic light-emitting diodes (OLEDs) supporting the direct emission of circularly polarized (CP) light are essential for numerous technologies. The realization of CP-OLEDs with large dissymmetry (g EL) factors and high external quantum efficiencies (EQEs) has been accepted as a considerable challenge. Here we demonstrate the realization of efficient CP-OLEDs based on the assembly of chiral plasmonic nanoparticles (NPs) and supramolecular aggregates. The chiral plasmonic NPs serve as the chiral scaffold and chiral optical nanoantenna to modulate the circularly polarized absorption and emission of the supramolecular chromophores. We employ different chiral plasmonic NPs to construct various CP-OLEDs with the emission dominated by chiral excitons or chiral plasmons. The CP-OLED showing a high EQE of 2.5% and a large g EL factor of 0.31 is achieved, as a result of multiscale chirality transfer, plasmonic enhancement, and the suppression of the overshoot effect. The proposed schemes are compatible with the current manufacturing technology of OLEDs. This work demonstrates that chiral plasmonic NPs can be promising candidates in chiral photoelectric devices.
Electrically programmable pixelated coherent mid-infrared thermal emission
Planar chlorination engineering induced symmetry-broken single-atom site catalyst for enhanced CO2 electroreduction
Abstract Breaking the geometric symmetry of traditional metal-N4 sites and further boosting catalytic activity are significant but challenging. Herein, planar chlorination engineering is proposed for successfully converting the traditional Zn-N4 site with low activity and selectivity for CO2 reduction reaction (CO2RR) into highly active Zn-N3 site with broken symmetry. The optimal catalyst Zn-SA/CNCl-1000 displays a highest faradaic efficiency for CO (FECO) around 97 ± 3% and good stability during 50 h test at high current density of 200 mA/cm2 in zero-gap membrane electrode assembly (MEA) electrolyzer, with promising application in industrial catalysis. At -0.93 V vs. RHE, the partial current density of CO (J CO) and the turnover frequency (TOF) value catalyzed by Zn-SA/CNCl-1000 are 271.7 ± 1.4 mA/cm2 and 29325 ± 151 h-1, as high as 29 times and 83 times those of Zn-SA/CN-1000 without planar chlorination engineering. The in-situ extended X-ray absorption fine structure (EXAFS) measurements and density functional theory (DFT) calculation reveal the adjacent C-Cl bond induces the self-reconstruction of Zn-N4 site into the highly active Zn-N3 sites with broken symmetry, strengthening the adsorption of *COOH intermediate, and thus remarkably improving CO2RR activity.
Janus decellularized membrane with anisotropic cell guidance and anti-adhesion silk-based coatings for spinal dural repair
Abstract The repair of soft tissues with anisotropic structures, such as spinal dura mater, requires the use of biomaterials to guide tissue directional growth while minimizing epidural fibrotic adhesion. Herein, we construct the Janus small intestinal submucosa (SIS) via silk-based hydrogel coatings, which provides extracellular matrix-mimicking features and anti-adhesion performance for spinal dural defect repair. We demonstrate that the silk fibroin and methacrylated silk fibroin (SilMA) composite microgroove hydrogel coating at the inner surface via water vapor annealing treatment exhibits excellent structure stability, stable attachment to SIS substrate, and shows orientated cell morphology and extracellular matrix produced by fibroblasts, good histocompatibility and promotes the polarization of macrophages towards the anti-inflammatory phenotype. The methacrylated hyaluronic acid and SilMA composite coating outer surface serves as favorable physical barrier shows effective resistance to protein adsorption, cell and tissue adhesion, and can mitigate fibrosis reactions. Spinal dura mater defect experiments on male rats demonstrate that the Janus SIS simultaneously promotes dural regeneration and inhibits epidural fibrosis.
Organocatalyzed diastereo- and enantioselective synthesis of N–N atropisomeric isoindolinones bearing central chirality
Effect of Dzyaloshinskii Moriya interaction on magnetic tunnel junction based molecular spintronics devices (MTJMSD)
Impact of root distribution patterns on the elastic deformation resistance capacity and pore water development in root reinforced soil
The effectiveness of a theory‑based health education program on self-efficacy and breastfeeding behaviors continuity of working mothers in Iran
Comprehensive analysis of the global, regional, and national burden of benign prostatic hyperplasia from 1990 to 2021
Exploring the microbiomes of camel ticks to infer vector competence: insights from tissue-level symbiont-pathogen relationships
Distinct clinicopathological features and treatment differences in breast cancer patients of young age
Abstract The incidence of breast cancer in young women (aged under 40) is on the rise and is associated with more aggressive tumor characteristics and lower survival rates. Breast cancer is most frequently diagnosed in the sixth decade, and most research presents results based on data from older patients. By using large-scale clinico-pathologic and transcriptomic data from the Molecular Taxonomy of Breast Cancer International Consortium (METABRIC) (n = 1932), we aimed to explore age-related differences in treatment, tumor characteristics, and gene expression signatures. Young patients presented more aggressive clinico-pathologic features such as higher histological grade, more frequent lymph node metastasis involvement, and estrogen receptor negativity. Accordingly, age below 40 years was associated with lower mRNA expression of the estrogen- and progesterone receptors, encoded by ESR1 and PGR, a higher proportion of the basal-like subtype, and increased transcription patterns reflecting stemness. Young breast cancer patients showed reduced survival, also within the basal-like subtype. We observed age-related differences in treatment, with more patients receiving chemotherapy among the young. Our results confirm a more challenging disease in young patients with breast cancer despite the more abundant use of chemotherapy. This argues for increased attention to young patients in current management and future research in breast cancer.