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A galactose-based auto-expression system improves T7-inducible protein production in Escherichia coli
Leading report on the molecular prevalence of emerging pathogens Hepatozoon sp. and Lankesterella sp. in the blood samples of seven wild lizard species
In vivo deletion of a GWAS-identified Myb distal enhancer acts on Myb expression, globin switching, and clinical erythroid parameters in β-thalassemia
Development and usability of the “Cognitive Evergreenland” app to engage individuals at high risk of dementia in lifestyle interventions
Effectiveness of machine learning methods in detecting grooming: a systematic meta-analytic review
Abstract This study presents a systematic review (SR) and meta-analysis (MA) on the use of machine learning (ML) methods for detecting online grooming, a form of manipulation and child sexual abuse. The SR identified 33 studies from IEEE, Web of Science, Scopus, Springer, PubMed, and Google Scholar databases, and 11 ML methods were meta-analyzed for accuracy (ACC), precision (P), recall (R), and $$\hbox {F}_1$$ Score (F1). Multilayer Perceptron (MLP) demonstrated the highest accuracy (ACC=92%, p<0.001) and precision (P=81%, p<0.001), excelling in capturing complex, nonlinear patterns essential for analyzing nuanced online interactions. Support Vector Machine (SVM), with an ACC of 88% (p<0.001), achieved a balanced performance, characterized by high precision (P=86%, p<0.001), recall (R=74%, p<0.001), and the highest F1 score (0.79). SVM emerges as an effective algorithm, providing a robust balance across all metrics, emphasizing its adaptability and reliability in detecting nuanced grooming behaviors. This study is pioneering in meta-analyzing ML methods applied to the effectiveness in detecting grooming. The results highlight the efficacy of certain algorithms and contribute to the identification of online predators. A crucial aspect of cybersecurity for preventing child sexual abuse.
The prevalence and risk of allergic rhinitis in psoriasis patients: a systematic review and meta-analysis
Effect of Mn content on the corrosion behavior and biocompatibility of biodegradable Zn-Mn alloys
Novel immune drug combination induces tumour microenvironment remodelling and reduces the dosage of anti-PD-1 antibody
Abstract Immune checkpoint inhibitors (ICIs) are effective in clinical settings; however, they present immune-related adverse effects and financial burden. Although dose reduction of ICIs may mitigate these limitations, it could compromise therapeutic efficacy. Using two adjuvants (poly(I:C) and LAG-3-Ig) combined with three neoantigen peptides (Comb), we examined whether Comb could enhance the efficacy of reduced dose of αPD-1 monoclonal antibody (RD-αPD-1 mAb), which has limited efficacy. In a murine colorectal cancer model using an MC38 cell line, Comb addition to RD-αPD-1 mAb enhanced treatment efficacy. Analysis of the tumour microenvironment (TME) in mice treated with Comb using flow cytometry and single-cell RNA sequencing revealed decreased macrophages with highly expressing immunosuppressive genes and increased plasmacytoid dendritic cells with highly expressing antigen-presenting genes. A potent infiltration of CD8 + tumour-infiltrating lymphocytes (TILs) with an effector profile was only observed in RD-αPD-1 mAb with Comb. Additionally, single-cell T cell receptor repertoire analysis underscored an oligoclonal expansion of CD8 + TILs following treatment with RD-αPD-1 mAb with Comb. This novel immune drug combination may be a promising strategy for reducing αPD-1 mAb dosage while preserving antitumour efficacy through modulating the TME.
Debunking COVID-19 vaccine misinformation with an audio drama in Ghana, a randomized control trial
All-cause hospital admissions and incidence of asthma in children in Kazakhstan: a population-based retrospective cohort study
Melatonin-protein interactions are dependent on yeast carbon metabolism
Evaluation of caries experience among schoolchildren in Central African Republic
Bioorganic fertilizers from agricultural waste enhance rice growth under saline soil conditions
Synergistic antibacterial activity of curcumin and phage against multidrug-resistant Acinetobacter baumannii
Impact of perinatal hypertonic NaCl access on adult offspring’s sodium intake and angiotensin and vasopressin systems under hypertension model
Abstract Perinatal natriophilia has programming effects on blood pressure control, inducing anatomical and molecular changes in the kidney and brain that impair blood pressure reestablishment after a pressor challenge, such as an osmotic stimulation. However, the imprinted effect of voluntary sodium consumption during this period on the development of hypertension is unclear. To evaluate this, we studied the effect of deoxycorticosterone acetate and high-salt diet (DOCA-salt) treatment on blood pressure and sodium intake responses, and gene expression in the kidney and brain in adult offspring exposed to voluntary hypertonic sodium consumption during the perinatal period (PM-NaCl group). Male PM-NaCl rats consumed more sodium than controls (PM-Ctrol group) during DOCA treatment. However, the hypertension induced did not differ between the PM-NaCl and PM-Ctrol groups. This behavioral change was accompanied by a higher angiotensin type 1 receptor (Agtr1a) gene expression at brain level in the subfornical organ and the hypothalamic paraventricular nucleus of PM-NaCl, areas key to the modulation of salt appetite and autonomic function. At renal level, programmed animals showed differing responses in gene expression induced by DOCA-salt treatment compared to the PM-Ctrol group, such as expression of Agtr1a, transient receptor potential vanilloid type 1 channel in the medulla and vasopressin 2 receptor in the renal cortex. The data indicates that the availability of a rich source of sodium during the perinatal period induces a long-term effect in DOCA-salt treated rats, modifying behavioral, brain and renal responses, suggesting that this early sodium exposure affects the vulnerability of the organisms to chronic non-communicable diseases mainly caused by changes in sodium intake and the regulatory mechanisms of the angiotensin and vasopressin systems.