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Compositionally Complex Doping Enables High-Voltage Spinel Cathodes with Ultrafast Charging and Chemo-Electro-Mechanical Stability

Abstract Next-generation lithium-ion batteries demand high-voltage cathodes that combine exceptional stability with ultrafast charging capability. Cobalt-free spinel-type oxides, owing to their high operating voltage, energy density, and cost effectiveness, are leading candidates, yet their cycle life is still constrained by intrinsic chemo-electro-mechanical instabilities. Here, by leveraging compositionally complex doping, we reconfigure the reaction thermodynamics of a high-voltage spinel cathode by extending its solid-solution regime to higher states of charge, enabling ultrafast charging while maintaining robust chemo-electro-mechanical stability. Multimodal characterization reveals that the reshaped reaction pathway effectively suppresses high-temperature intragranular cracking, interfacial rock salt phase transformation, and parasitic byproduct accumulation, thereby preserving efficient three-dimensional Li+ diffusion. The cathode delivers unprecedented ultrafast-charging durability, achieving 81.8% after 4000 cycles at 10 C (25 °C) and 82.0% after 1000 cycles at 3 C (60 °C). Our work demonstrates that compositionally complex doping can effectively modulate the thermodynamics of phase transformation and enhance the chemo-electro-mechanical stability of high-voltage spinel cathodes, providing new insights into the design of durable fast-charging cathode materials.

Maternal exposure to oil spill and children’s mental health: The mediating role of resource loss

Objectives To assess the effect of maternal oil spill exposure on children’s mental health and examine whether maternal resource loss mediated this relationship. Methods 445 mother-child pairs from the Women and Their Children’s Health Study in Louisiana (2012–2016) were examined. Maternal oil spill exposure from the 2010 Deepwater Horizon Oil Spill was measured at Wave 1 (2012–2014), while children’s mental health and maternal resource loss were assessed at Wave 2 (2014–2016). Structural equation modeling estimated the direct and indirect effects of maternal oil spill exposure on children’s mental health through maternal resource loss. Results Mothers (mean age 42 years (SD 7.7) and children (mean age 13 years (SD 2.2)) were interviewed. Maternal oil spill exposure was not directly related to children’s mental health (est = −0.08, p = 0.436). However, exposure was associated with increased maternal resource loss (est = 0.45, p < .0001), which was associated with worse children’s mental health (est = 0.27, p < .0001). Maternal oil spill exposure was compatible with an indirect negative effect on children’s mental health (i.e., worse mental health scores) mediated by resource loss (est = 0.12, p < 0.005). Conclusion Findings suggest maternal oil spill exposure indirectly affects children’s mental health through resource loss. Interventions mitigating resource loss are vital for supporting children’s mental well-being after disasters.

Mechanical behavior and constitutive modeling of CO2-foamed carbonated MgO-based solidified slurry under Unconsolidated Undrained (UU) triaxial conditions

Geotechnical construction activities, such as shield tunneling and pile foundation construction, generate large amounts of high-water-content waste slurry, making its disposal and resource utilization challenging. This paper introduces a CO 2 -foamed carbonation solidification technique using a composite binder system made of reactive magnesium oxide (MgO), slag, and calcium carbide slag. The mechanical behavior of the lightweight carbonated slurry was investigated through Unconsolidated Undrained (UU) triaxial compression tests under various confining pressures. Quantitative results indicate that the reactive MgO dosage significantly governs strength evolution; an optimum MgO dosage of 10% yielded the highest peak stress of 190.8 kPa (at 50 kPa confining pressure), while the softening coefficient peaked at 0.46 with a 13% dosage. Regarding the CO 2 foam impact, varying the foam content from 36% to 52% resulted in softening coefficients ranging between 0.20 and 0.50. The 36% foam dosage provided the optimal structural stability with a peak stress of 179 kPa, whereas excessive foam leads to greater pore connectivity, worsening strain-softening. Confining pressure significantly affects the material’s hardening and residual strength. Based on these findings, an improved constitutive model was developed using damage evolution and a modified Duncan–Chang framework, providing accurate descriptions of the material’s elastic, hardening, post-peak softening, and residual characteristics. This study advances our understanding of CO 2 -foamed carbonated MgO-based slurry, offering new insights for both solidification/stabilization and carbon sequestration of high-water-content waste slurry.

Towards autonomous medical artificial intelligence agents

Abstract Large language models (LLMs) show great potential for clinical decision-making, yet most applications remain narrow, task-specific chat tools rather than systems integrated into clinical workflows 1,2 . However, building physician copilots will require models that operate within the electronic health record (EHR), with governed access to patient data and the ability to initiate permitted EHR actions within defined safety constraints. Yet it remains unproven whether such a system can manage patient cases with physician-level performance. Here we show that MIRA (Medical Intelligence for Reasoning and Action), an autonomous artificial intelligence agent operating in a sandboxed EHR environment, can navigate a large clinical action space to obtain patient histories; order and interpret laboratory, imaging and microbiology tests; generate differential diagnoses; and formulate treatment plans such as prescribing medications, scheduling surgical procedures and planning admissions. In simulations on real patient cases spanning multiple diagnoses, MIRA outperformed physicians in diagnostic accuracy and made guideline-concordant, medication-safe and appropriate admission decisions. Compared with previous LLM applications that addressed isolated subtasks or provided free-text advice, these results suggest that an EHR-integrated artificial intelligence agent can turn clinical intent into structured, actionable EHR operations, possibly making it a more effective decision-support partner for physicians. Further work is needed to establish generalization, safety and governance through prospective, real-world studies.

Siderophore screening in marine sponge extracts using LC-HRMS and an R-based metabolomics workflow

Siderophores are pivotal ‌‌iron-acquisition biomolecules integral to microbial survival, pathogenicity, and ecology. Elucidating these compounds offers critical insights into the microbial dynamics of marine holobionts and potential therapeutic applications. In this study, we present a culture-independent, data-centric strategy to annotate siderophores from the body mass of three marine sponge species: Dragmacidon reticulatum , Aplysina fulva , and Amphimedon viridis . Utilizing Liquid Chromatography-High Resolution Mass Spectrometry (LC-HRMS) coupled with a custom R-based analytical workflow (XCMS and MetaboAnnotation), we putatively annotated 59 siderophores. We employed a validation pipeline, utilizing iron-adduct calculations [M-2H + Fe] + , [M-H + Fe] 2+ , [2M-2H + Fe] + , mass accuracy thresholds (<3 ppm), retention time deviation (Coefficient of variation < 2%), and chromatograph peak analysis. According to the Metabolomics Standards Initiative (MSI), these annotations correspond to Level 2 (putatively annotated compounds) because they are based on accurate mass matching without chemical standard confirmation. Notably, iron supplementation during extraction did not significantly alter siderophore detection, suggesting constitutive production or environmental saturation. This workflow bypasses the limitations of traditional cultivation, revealing a diverse landscape of iron-chelating metabolites, including Ferricrocin, Aeruginic acid, and Madurastatin directly within the sponge’s body.

“The impact of COVID-19 on employee productivity and the future of remote work”

Purpose This paper explores the impact of the COVID-19 pandemic on employee productivity and the future of remote work beyond the pandemic years. Using data collected from 646 remote workers, we examined the influence of interpersonal relations, time management, stress, and skill development on productivity. Design/methodology/approach We validated our model using structural equation modelling (SEM), and the results revealed that the sudden shift to remote work had no significant negative impact on productivity. Findings The results of this study may encourage HR managers to expand remote work opportunities, thereby enhancing talent attraction and retention in a highly competitive job market. Originality/value Despite prevalent concerns about COVID-19 and the evolving nature of workplaces, employees perceived remote work as offering greater flexibility in task organization and the opportunity to create a healthier work-life balance. Furthermore, our findings suggest that HR managers should consider allowing remote work post-pandemic as a strategic aspect of workplace evolution.

All-optical doubly resonant cavities for energy-efficient ReLU function in nanophotonic deep learning

This paper presents a novel approach to implementing all-optical Rectified Linear Unit (ReLU) activation functions using compact doubly-resonant cavities with dimensions of approximately 10 μ m. The proposed design leverages χ ( 2 ) nonlinear processes within carefully engineered photonic structures that simultaneously resonate at both fundamental and second-harmonic frequencies. By exploiting the phase-sensitive nature of second-harmonic generation, we demonstrate an optical analog to the ReLU function, achieving femtojoule-level activation energy—comparable to state-of-the-art approaches—while reducing device footprint by two orders of magnitude compared to previous implementations. The theoretical framework is developed using coupled-mode theory and validated through rigorous finite-difference time-domain simulations. Beyond ReLU, we show that the same physical structure can implement alternative activation functions such as ELU and GELU through simple adjustments to input conditions. Neural network simulations demonstrate that the proposed optical activation functions achieve classification accuracy within 0.4% of ideal electronic implementations while offering significant advantages in energy efficiency and processing speed. This work represents a significant advancement toward realizing energy-efficient, high-density optical neural networks for next-generation artificial intelligence hardware.

Comparative mediation analysis of dog and cat ownership and perceived stress

Companion animals, such as dogs and cats, are widely reported to be associated with lower stress, yet species-specific differences remain unclear. We conducted a comparative mediation analysis to examine how pet ownership type (dog vs. cat) relates to perceived stress, leveraging a large, balanced dataset (1,923 dog owners and 1,804 cat owners) collected throughout the COVID-19 pandemic. Investigated mediators included human-animal interaction, emotional closeness, perceived costs, behavior problems, and disease transmission concerns. We used a directed acyclic graph (DAG)-guided, bootstrap-based path modeling approach to estimate mediation-based associations. Dog and cat ownership differed only marginally in their overall association with perceived stress, with dog ownership associated with slightly lower stress levels. Comparative mediation analyses revealed the largest species-specific difference in human-animal interaction. This mediator showed a strong inverse association with perceived stress for dog ownership but only a minimal association for cat ownership. Accordingly, human-animal interaction emerged as the most influential mediator for dog ownership, whereas emotional closeness was most influential for cat ownership. Moreover, emotional closeness showed a positive association with perceived stress in both groups. Perceived costs and behavior problems showed the strongest associations with higher perceived stress across species, slightly more pronounced for dog ownership. Yet their mediation-based associations were weak, largely attributable to minimal differences in perceived costs and behavior problems between dog and cat ownership. Only 26% of the overall association between ownership type and perceived stress was accounted for by the study mediators, indicating the need to explore additional mediators. This study advances understanding of how the human-animal bond is associated with perceived stress and underscores species-specific differences in these associations. These findings can help generate hypotheses for future longitudinal studies and may help inform the development of species-tailored interventions.

Modeling the association between psychological capital and nurses’ job performance: The moderating role of intolerance of uncertainty

This cross-sectional analytical study aimed to examine the relationship between psychological capital (PsyCap) and nurses’ job performance, as well as the moderating role of intolerance of uncertainty (IU). A total of 212 nurses working in hospitals affiliated with Iran University of Medical Sciences participated. Verbal informed consent was obtained from all participants, as approved by the Ethics Committee of Iran University of Medical Sciences (IR.IUMS.REC.1401.561). Data collection tools included standardized questionnaires on PsyCap, IU, and job performance. Data were analyzed using structural equation modeling (SEM) with SmartPLS software. The measurement model was assessed for reliability and validity, and the structural model was tested for the study hypotheses. The findings indicated that PsyCap was positively and significantly associated with nurses’ job performance (β = 0.38, p < 0.001). IU was not significantly associated with job performance. However, IU negatively moderated the PsyCap–performance relationship (β = −0.16, p = 0.005). These findings suggest that PsyCap may be positively related to nurses’ job performance, although its positive effects may be attenuated under high IU. Interventions aimed at strengthening PsyCap alongside uncertainty-management strategies may help optimize performance in clinical settings.

Optimized detection of caspase-6 activation in a murine inflammation model to inform neurodegenerative disease therapies

Caspase-6 (casp-6), is a member of the apoptotic family of caspases (cysteine aspartic proteases) and has been shown to be involved in several neurodegenerative diseases, including Alzheimer’s disease. Drug discovery efforts have focused on specific inhibition of casp-6, and it is important that lead compounds demonstrate engagement and inhibition of the protease in vivo . A casp-6 overexpressing mouse model was reported, but is no longer available to the scientific community. We developed alternative means of activating casp-6 in commercially available mice as a platform to test potential casp-6 inhibitors. Lipopolysaccharides (LPS) from E. coli was used to stimulate an immunogenic response in WT C57BL/6NJ mice, which has been shown to activate the NLRP1 inflammasome, which activates casp-1 and subsequently, casp-6. Key tissues (brain, colon, and thymus) were sampled and evaluated for casp-6 activation by immunoblotting for both active casp-6 and a cleaved lamin A, a casp-6 substrate, and by directly measuring VEIDase activity in tissue lysates. Using in-house bred WT C57BL/6NJ mice, which had never been subjected to shipping, with a single intraperitoneal dose of LPS (5 mg/kg) and a 4-hour incubation, we observed robust casp-6 activation in the thymus. We also established VEIDase activity assays as a more reliable marker of casp-6 function than monitoring levels of casp-6 or cleaved substrates, and established the importance of using a non-immunogenic vehicle. We observed casp-6 activation in aged mice as a second useful model, which also further implicates casp-6 in age-related neurodegenerative pathways. These are new means to test the efficacy of casp-6 inhibitors using a simple in vivo assay that can robustly activate casp-6 in an easily accessible laboratory mouse strain. We foresee that these developments will drive drug discovery efforts aimed at identifying casp-6 inhibitors in various disease contexts, including neurodegeneration.

Comprehensive insights into the prescribing trends of carbamazepine, lamotrigine, lithium, and valproate in the UK Primary Care from 1995 to 2018

Background Mood stabilisers carbamazepine, lamotrigine and valproate remain the cornerstone medication in the treatment of epilepsy, and in the management of psychiatric disorders alongside lithium. Prescribing decisions are influenced by patient’s preference, clinical history, and risk. This study examines mood stabiliser initiation and prevalence prescribing trends in UK primary care (1995–2018), stratified by sex (male and females) and age (18–39, 40–59, 60–79 and 80–99 years), irrespective of diagnosis. Method Cohort studies using UK anonymised electronic primary care data from IQVIA Medical Research Data (IMRD) of individuals aged 18–99 years registered with participating General Practice. Results Carbamazepine prescribing declined sharply across ages and sexes since the early 2000s. In contrast, lamotrigine prescribing increased markedly from 2005, thus becoming most initiated among individuals aged 18–39 years by 2018. Carbamazepine initiation predominated in individuals aged 40–99 years, and more so in females than males. Valproate initiation decreased throughout study period: (2018 vs 1995) adjusted Incidence Rate Ratio (aIRR) ranged from 0.12–0.44. However, prevalence rose in males (18–79 years) with adjusted Prevalence Rate Ratio (aPRR) ranged from 1.14–1.60, and females (40–79 years) at aPRR 1.12–1.31. By 2018, valproate was still prevalent among 18–39 years males (3.40/1000 individuals [3.19–3.61]) compared to females (1.18/1000 individuals [1.06–1.30]). Carbamazepine, lamotrigine and valproate were almost equally prescribed by 2018, while lithium the least prescribed. Mood stabiliser prescribing was higher among socioeconomically deprived individuals, both in terms of initiation and prevalence: (Townsend 5 vs Townsend 1) aIRR ranged from 1.07–3.26, and aPRR 1.17–2.90. Conclusion Over the study period across demographics, carbamazepine prescribing declined while lamotrigine prescribing increased substantially. By 2018, carbamazepine was mainly initiated in males and females aged 40–99 years and lamotrigine dominated in 18–39 years. Valproate initiation fell but remained prevalent in 18–39 years males; lithium prescribing remained low. Mood stabilisers were frequently prescribed in socioeconomically deprived individuals.

Scrolling for science: Assessing the quality and accuracy of Crohn’s disease-related content on Instagram reels

Background There is a concerning trend of misinformation of healthcare related content on social media. Recent studies have examined themes and narratives about Crohn’s disease but have not quantitatively assessed the accuracy and quality of content on Instagram Reels. Our aim was to assess the quality and accuracy of Instagram Reels about Crohn’s disease and examine differences in content by type of creator, from medical professionals to lay individuals. Methods Seventy-eight top-viewed English-language Instagram Reels tagged with “#crohns” were evaluated. Videos were categorized by creator and content type. Two reviewers evaluated each video for accuracy and quality using an adapted harm/benefit score and the Journal of the American Medical Association (JAMA) benchmark criteria, respectively. Results Seventeen percent of videos were created by medical professionals and 83% by non-medical users. Educational content was significantly more common among medical professionals than other content creators (62% vs 23%; P  = 0.005). No significant correlation was found between engagement metrics and either JAMA or harm/benefit scores. Medical professionals had significantly higher JAMA scores than non-medical users (2.5 vs 2, P  < 0.001), but there was no significant difference in harm/benefit scores between groups (0 vs 0, P  = 0.9601). Videos offering medical advice had the lowest median harm/benefit score (−1), with frequent misinformation noted. Forty-two percent of harmful videos were created by medical professionals. Conclusions The average Instagram Reel about Crohn’s disease was of moderate quality and neutral impact. Accuracy or quality was unrelated to video popularity. While videos by medical professionals had higher JAMA scores, this did not correspond to greater accuracy. Medical advice videos by medical professionals were not more accurate than those by non-medical creators, and multiple harmful videos were created by medical professionals, underscoring the need for critical evaluation of Crohn’s disease-related social media content.

A path planning approach for ship collision avoidance integrating BRB reasoning and velocity obstacle algorithm

Reliable path planning for ship collision avoidance remains challenging in complex maritime environments with dense traffic. This study proposes a novel approach that integrates Belief-Rule-Based (BRB) reasoning with the Velocity Obstacle (VO) algorithm for multi-ship encounter scenarios. First, the BRB framework groups ships with similar movement trends and close proximity, reducing both the number of avoidance targets and decision-making complexity. Based on the grouping results, the safety domain radius for individual ships and ship groups is set proportionally to ship length. Subsequently, the VO algorithm generates safe and feasible avoidance trajectories toward the goal. The method was tested in two scenarios, showing improved navigational safety and operational efficiency in congested waters. This work provides a foundation for intelligent decision-making in maritime safety management and supports sustainable development in the shipping industry.

Robot-assisted reconstruction using ureteroureterostomy and Lich–Gregoir ureteral reimplantation for complicated duplex kidneys in children

Objective This study aimed to evaluate the efficacy of robot-assisted reconstruction using end-to-side ureteroureterostomy (UU) and Lich‒Gregoir ureterovesical reimplantation (UR) for complicated duplex kidneys in children. Methods A retrospective study was conducted on pediatric patients who underwent combined robotic UU and Lich‒Gregoir UR between January 1, 2021, and January 1, 2024. The inclusion criterion was the presence of concurrent upper- and lower-pole ureteral pathologies. Surgical time, postoperative length of stay, pre- and postoperative anteroposterior diameter of the renal pelvis (APD), ureteral diameter (UD), renal function (RF) of the affected kidney, and complications were analyzed. Results In total, 12 patients presented with urinary tract infections (UTI, n = 9), incontinence (n = 2), and abdominal pain (n = 1). Upper-pole pathologies included ectopic ureters (10 cases) and ureteroceles (2 cases). Lower-pole pathologies comprised ureteral stricture (n = 4) and vesicoureteral reflux (VUR, n = 8). The median surgical time was 177.5 minutes (range: 140–205 minutes), and the median hospital stay was 5 days (range: 3–7 days). Postoperative complications included two cases of UTI, both managed conservatively. At a median follow-up of 19 months (range: 12–31 months), no anastomotic stricture, urinary leakage, or ureteral stump syndrome occurred. Postoperative voiding cystourethrogram (VCUG) revealed no VUR in any patient. Pre- and postoperative APD (22.92 ± 9.07 mm vs. 7.33 ± 5.03 mm, p < 0.001) and UD (11.08 ± 3.15 vs. 5.83 ± 2.41 mm, p < 0.001) differed significantly in the upper pole system, as did the lower pole APD (14.00 ± 6.25 vs. 5.25 ± 3.02 mm, p < 0.001) and UD (7.75 ± 2.26 vs. 4.75 ± 1.36 mm, p = 0.003). The RF of the affected moiety improved significantly (36.58 ± 4.66% vs. 42.75% ± 3.10%, p < 0.001). Conclusions Robot-assisted reconstruction using UU and Lich–Gregoir UR is a safe and effective approach for complex duplex kidneys requiring concurrent upper- and lower-tract reconstruction, demonstrating durable resolution of obstruction and reflux as well as functional preservation.

Development and usability evaluation of HOPE: A patient-centered mHealth application for HTN self-management in Iran

Background Hypertension (HTN) is a major global health problem and a significant risk factor for cardiovascular disease. Mobile health (mHealth) applications offer an efficient, patient-centered approach to managing chronic conditions like HTN. Given the high prevalence of HTN in Iran, and a recognized lack of approved and scientifically-grounded mHealth applications, this study aimed to address this gap, particularly in Hormozgan Province. Objective This study aimed to design and evaluate a HTN self-care application, named HOPE, to facilitate self-management and enable patients to access health services outside of clinical settings. Materials and methods The research was conducted in four steps: (1) determination of data elements and functional requirements based on a systematic review of guidelines and feedback from 25 cardiologists and 50 patients using a Likert scale questionnaire; (2) content design based on national and international clinical and educational standards; (3) application development using Visual Studio, ASP.NET framework with MVC architecture, and C#; and (4) usability assessment. The final evaluation involved 46 participants with HTN from the Hormoz Clinic, who used the application for one month, followed by an assessment using the Mobile Application Usability Questionnaire (MAUQ). Results The HOPE application was designed with nine main tabs and 52 sub-tabs, covering key areas such as demographic information, comprehensive education, nutrition tracking, BP recording, medication management, and a dialogue panel for communication with the doctor. The overall usability evaluation for the application yielded an average score of 4.32 (on a 5-point Likert scale), which was categorized as a “very good” level. The highest average score (4.37) was assigned to the “User Interface and Satisfaction” dimension. A significant relationship was determined between satisfaction with the user interface and the participants’ level of education (P > 0.05). Conclusion The HOPE demonstrated very good usability across all evaluated dimensions—ease of use, interface quality, and usefulness. The strong usability performance suggests that the application is well-designed and has high potential to effectively enhance self-care practices and could be a valuable tool in digital health management programs for patients with HTN. Future research should explore the long-term impacts of using HOPE on clinical outcomes and patient adherence, as well as its integration into routine healthcare practice to optimize HTN management.

Mechanical properties of ECC connection plates in seamless Bridges

Seamless bridges require high-performance connection systems due to the elimination of expansion devices. This study investigates the flexural performance of ECC connection plates (ECP) for seamless RC bridge decks using finite element analysis. A three-dimensional ABAQUS model was developed and validated against available experimental results from the literature. Parametric analyses were performed to evaluate the effects of ECC thickness, reinforcement ratio, concrete strength, and ECC strength. The results show that ECP significantly improves flexural capacity and ductility compared with conventional RC connection plates. Under the same reinforcement ratio, the ultimate load and ductility coefficient increased by 35.1% and 31.3%, respectively. Increasing ECC thickness and ECC strength enhances both load-bearing capacity and deformation ability, while a higher reinforcement ratio increases ultimate load but reduces tensile strain capacity. A theoretical formula for predicting the flexural bearing capacity of ECP was derived and verified using numerical results. The findings provide a basis for the design and optimization of ECP in seamless bridge decks.

Retraction: Analysis of disease burden and future trends of ischemic heart disease in China and globally, 1990–2023

Spatial distribution of the proteome in the human body and in cancers

Abstract A detailed, spatially resolved quantitative map of the human proteome is essential for a deeper understanding of human biology and disease 1–4 . Here we present a comprehensive human proteomic landscape, generated by profiling more than 13,000 proteins across 2,856 samples using data-independent acquisition mass spectrometry. The dataset spans 58 major tissue types, 251 specific tissue subtypes and 25 distinct carcinomas. This resource enables the depiction of spatially resolved proteome trajectories across tissue types and physiological states, including fetal, tumour, adjacent non-tumour and healthy adult tissue, thereby providing insight into both developmental processes and oncogenic progression. Furthermore, quantitative proteomics comparisons across diverse tissue types and states facilitate the indication of organ-specific toxicity, the identification of repurposable anticancer drug candidates and the prioritization of therapeutic targets for cancers. This study establishes a quantitative resource for navigating the proteome in the human body and in common cancers.

Correction: Air pollution in the places of Betula pendula growth and development changes the physicochemical properties and the main allergen content of its pollen

Preventive spare parts supply strategy for large-scale equipment based on performance degradation

Timely replacement of spare parts can improve the reliability of large-scale equipment operation and is the critical link of preventive maintenance. This paper studies how to reasonably formulate spare parts supply strategy in large-scale equipment maintenance. Given the shortcomings of the conventional fixed cycle replacement method of equipment spare parts, a spare parts replacement method based on large-scale equipment performance degradation is proposed. The proposed method can shorten downtime and avoid waste. Firstly, by analyzing the large-scale equipment’s performance state characteristics, the performance evaluation model of the equipment is established using the interval evidential reasoning approach, and the envelope of performance degradation can be obtained. Weibull distribution is used to fit the performance degradation envelope, and the bisection method and maximum likelihood estimation method are combined to identify the model parameters. The health degree envelope of large-scale equipment performance is obtained. Then, the number of spare parts required is calculated based on health degree expectation. Considering the time required for ordering and transporting spare parts, the spare parts ordering strategy is formulated under the condition of large-scale equipment working simultaneously. Finally, the proposed method is applied to a type of large-scale equipment to verify the effectiveness of the proposed method.