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Spatiotemporal simulation of sustainable development based on ecosystem services under climate change
This study explores the spatiotemporal distribution characteristics of ecosystem services (ESs) in the karst region of southeastern Yunnan under the backdrop of climate change. The study innovatively calculates the sustainable development goals (SDG) index based on ecosystem services (ESs). It employs the patch-generating land use simulation (PLUS) model to simulate future land use changes (LUCs) and uses the integrated valuation of ecosystem services and tradeoffs (InVEST) model to assess ESs under different scenarios. This research systematically evaluates the ESs and SDGs in karst regions within the context of climate change. The results indicate that: (1) Under all three scenarios in 2035, the trend of LUCs in the karst area of southeastern Yunnan is highly consistent, though the intensity and spatial configuration vary significantly. The least reduction in arable land area occurs under the shared socioeconomic pathways (SSP) 126 scenario, while water bodies and construction land show varying degrees of increase; (2) Regarding ESs, both water yield and soil retention exhibit an increasing trend across all scenarios by 2035, with the most notable rise under SSP126. Conversely, habitat quality and carbon storage show a decline, with the smallest decrease also under SSP126; (3) Analyzing the SDG index, the overall value is low in 2020. In future scenarios, the SDG index increases in the southern part while decreasing in the eastern part, indicating significant differences in regional sustainable development potential. Hotspots under SSP126 and SSP245 are concentrated in the densely vegetated southwest and eastern edge areas, while cold spots are mainly found in the heavily human-impacted central Yunnan urban agglomeration and Wenshan City. This study systematically explores for the first time the spatiotemporal dynamics of ESs in the karst region of southeastern Yunnan under different climate scenarios. It provides scientific evidence for regional ecological protection and land use planning.
TNBC response to paclitaxel phenocopies interferon response which reveals cell cycle-associated resistance mechanisms
Abstract Paclitaxel is a standard of care neoadjuvant therapy for patients with triple negative breast cancer (TNBC); however, it shows limited benefit for locally advanced or metastatic disease. Here we used a coordinated experimental-computational approach to explore the influence of paclitaxel on the cellular and molecular responses of TNBC cells. We found that escalating doses of paclitaxel resulted in multinucleation, promotion of senescence, and initiation of DNA damage induced apoptosis. Single-cell RNA sequencing (scRNA-seq) of TNBC cells after paclitaxel treatment revealed upregulation of innate immune programs canonically associated with interferon response and downregulation of cell cycle progression programs. Systematic exploration of transcriptional responses to paclitaxel and cancer-associated microenvironmental factors revealed common gene programs induced by paclitaxel, IFNB, and IFNG. Transcription factor (TF) enrichment analysis identified 13 TFs that were both enriched based on activity of downstream targets and also significantly upregulated after paclitaxel treatment. Functional assessment with siRNA knockdown confirmed that the TFs FOSL1, NFE2L2 and ELF3 mediate cellular proliferation and also regulate nuclear structure. We further explored the influence of these TFs on paclitaxel-induced cell cycle behavior via live cell imaging, which revealed altered progression rates through G1, S/G2 and M phases. We found that ELF3 knockdown synergized with paclitaxel treatment to lock cells in a G1 state and prevent cell cycle progression. Analysis of publicly available breast cancer patient data showed that high ELF3 expression was associated with poor prognosis and enrichment in programs associated with cell cycle progression. Together these analyses disentangle the diverse aspects of paclitaxel response and identify ELF3 upregulation as a putative biomarker of paclitaxel resistance in TNBC.
Study on anti-frost heave effect of new thermal insulation subgrade of highway in seasonally frozen soil regions
Frost heave is one of the important factors affecting the long-term stability and safe operation of subgrade in seasonally frozen soil regions. To investigate the anti-frost heave effect of foam concrete insulation and composite insulation structure subgrade, a multi-physics fields coupling numerical simulation was employed. From the perspective of hydrothermal process of the subgrade, the ground temperature distribution, maximum freezing depth, ice distribution, and maximum frost heave are systematically analyzed. The results indicate that the foamed concrete insulation layer subgrade exhibits a significant anti-frost heave effect. Meanwhile, to alleviate the sunny-shady slopes effect on subgrade in the seasonally frozen soils regions, the composite insulation structure combining XPS insulation board with foamed concrete insulation was recommended. Moreover, the appropriate anti-frost heave measures for subgrade are proposed, which considering the different frost heave characteristics. The findings can serve as a reference for the prevention and control of frost heave in highway subgrade and for the application of foam concrete insulation layers in seasonal frozen soil regions.
Advances in colorectal cancer diagnosis using optimal deep feature fusion approach on biomedical images
Secure and energy-efficient inter- and intra-cluster optimization scheme for smart cities using UAV-assisted wireless sensor networks
Comparative effects of gong’s mobilization and mobilization with movement in patients with adhesive capsulitis: a randomized clinical trial
Abstract Adhesive Capsulitis results in a progressive contraction of the Glenohumeral joint capsule limiting active and passive range of motion, leading to functional disabilities. Joint mobilization plays a key role in the physical therapy treatment of Adhesive Capsulitis. A relatively new technique, Gong’s Mobilization, has been introduced for the treatment of Adhesive Capsulitis. It is focused on the correction of positional faults through controlled dynamic motion of the Glenohumeral joint. The mainstay of this clinical trial is a comprehensive comparative evaluation of MWM with Gong’s Mobilization as it remains insufficiently explored. The objective of this clinical trial was to compare the effects of Gong’s Mobilization and Mobilization with Movement on pain, range of motion and functional disability in patients with Adhesive Capsulitis. In this triple blinded randomized clinical trial, sixty patients of Adhesive Capsulitis were enrolled within group A (Gong’s Mobilization) and group B (Mobilization with Movement). The treatment protocol covered 12 treatment sessions for 4 weeks. Numeric Pain Rating Scale (NPRS), Goniometer, and Urdu version of Shoulder Pain and Disability Index (U-SPADI) were used to assess the pain, range of motion and functional status respectively. These outcome measures were assessed at baseline, after 6 treatment sessions (2 weeks) and conclusively after 12 treatment sessions (4 weeks). For data analysis, within the group differences were measured by Repeated Measure ANOVA and across the group differences were measured by independent t test. A significant difference within the mean values of baseline, week 2 and week 4 NPRS, ROM, and SPADI score was observed in both study groups (p < 0.001). Results of independent t test used to calculate across the group differences indicated that Gong’s Mobilization was more effective in reducing disability (SPADI)(p < 0.001) and improving ROM(p < 0.001), meanwhile both groups were equally effective in reducing NPRS scores(p = 0.78). Moreover, a medium to large effect size was also observed for all the outcomes, pain(d = 0.5), ROM (d = 0.5–2.7), SPADI(d = 0.5). It was concluded that Gong’s Mobilization is more effective than Movement with Mobilization. Following four weeks of treatment, it pronounced statistically significant and clinically relevant results in improving pain, ROM and functional status of patients with Adhesive Capsulitis. Trial Registration Trial was registered in IRCT (Trial registration number: IRCT20190717044238N4 Trial Registration Date: 01-03-2023).
On quantifying dynamic behavior of architected metal/polymer TPMS/lattices-based interpenetrating phase composites
White blood cell traits and lung cancer risk: a two-sample mendelian randomization analysis
Comparison evaluation of bacterial DNA extraction methods for improved molecular diagnostic accuracy of sepsis-causing pathogens in clinical whole blood samples
E2F1 activates breast stromal fibroblasts and promotes their paracrine pro-carcinogenic effects
Museomics and morphological analyses of historical and contemporary peninsular Italian wolf (Canis lupus italicus) samples
Abstract After centuries of decline and protracted bottlenecks, the peninsular Italian wolf population has naturally recovered. However, an exhaustive comprehension of the effects of such a conservation success is still limited by the reduced availability of historical data. Therefore, in this study, we morphologically and genetically analyzed historical and contemporary wolf samples, also exploiting the optimization of an innovative bone DNA extraction method, to describe the morphological variability of the subspecies and its genetic diversity during the last 30 years. We obtained high amplification and genotyping success rates for tissue, blood and also petrous bone DNA samples. Multivariate, clustering and variability analyses confirmed that the Apennine wolf population is genetically and morphologically well-distinguishable from both European wolves and dogs, with no natural immigration from other populations, while its genetic variability has remained low across the last three decades, without significant changes between historical and contemporary specimens. This study highlights the scientific value of well-maintained museum collections, demonstrates that petrous bones represent reliable DNA sources, and emphasizes the need to genetically long-term monitor the dynamics of peculiar wolf populations to ensure appropriate conservation management actions.