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The improved extrapolated center of mass enhances the safety of exoskeleton system
Whole genome sequencing analysis of body mass index identifies novel African ancestry-specific risk allele
Abstract Obesity is a major public health crisis associated with high mortality rates. Previous genome-wide association studies (GWAS) investigating body mass index (BMI) have largely relied on imputed data from European individuals. This study leveraged whole-genome sequencing (WGS) data from 88,873 participants from the Trans-Omics for Precision Medicine (TOPMed) Program, of which 51% were of non-European population groups. We discovered 18 BMI-associated signals ( P < 5 × 10 − 9 ), including two secondary signals. Notably, we identified and replicated a novel low-frequency single nucleotide polymorphism (SNP) in MTMR3 that was common in individuals of African descent. Using a diverse study population, we further identified two novel secondary signals in known BMI loci and pinpointed two likely causal variants in the POC5 and DMD loci. Our work demonstrates the benefits of combining WGS and diverse cohorts in expanding current catalog of variants and genes confer risk for obesity, bringing us one step closer to personalized medicine.
Malvidin-3-glucoside induces insulin secretion by activating the PLC/IP3 pathway and enhancing Ca2+ influx in INS-1 pancreatic β-cells
A comprehensive suite for extracting neuron signals across multiple sessions in one-photon calcium imaging
Abstract We developed CaliAli, a comprehensive suite designed to extract neuronal signals from one-photon calcium imaging data collected across multiple sessions in free-moving conditions in mice. CaliAli incorporates information from blood vessels and neurons to correct inter-session misalignments, making it robust against non-rigid brain deformations even after substantial changes in the field of view across sessions. This also makes CaliAli robust against high neuron overlap and changes in active neuron population across sessions. CaliAli performs computationally efficient signal extraction from concatenated video sessions that enhances the detectability of weak calcium signals. Notably, CaliAli enhanced the spatial coding accuracy of extracted hippocampal CA1 neuron activity across sessions. An optogenetic tagging experiment showed that CaliAli enhanced neuronal trackability in the dentate gyrus across a time scale of weeks. Finally, dentate gyrus neurons tracked using CaliAli exhibited stable population activity for 99 days. Overall, CaliAli advances our capacity to understand the activity dynamics of neuronal ensembles over time, which is crucial for deciphering the complex neuronal substrates of natural animal behaviors.
An efficient parallel runoff forecasting model for capturing global and local feature information
Insights into lattice oxygen and strains of oxide-derived copper for ammonia electrosynthesis from nitrate
Differences in homologous and heterologous nucleocytoplasmic interactions of cytoplasmic male sterility lines in Gossypium barbadense
Differential interactions determine anisotropies at interfaces of RNA-based biomolecular condensates
Life cycle assessment of asphalt pavement containing MSWI bottom ash
Abstract This paper employs the life cycle assessment method to evaluate the energy consumption and environmental emissions associated with the use of municipal solid waste incinerator (MSWI) bottom ash aggregate (BAA) in asphalt pavement. The analysis divides the life cycle into four stages: the raw material production stage, the pavement construction stage, the operation maintenance stage, and the structural demolition stage. Energy consumption is calculated using the quota method, while environmental emissions are calculated using an emission factor method. Based on an analysis of life cycle inventory data, asphalt pavement containing MSWI BAA shows 9.9% higher energy consumption than conventional asphalt pavement, while both have similar gas emissions throughout their life cycles. Considering the significant consumption of domestic waste incineration bottom ash in asphalt pavement containing MSWI BAA, these advantages are believed to outweigh the disadvantages. This research provides relevant data for the application of bottom ash in asphalt pavement engineering, promoting its development and implementation.
Targeting vascular adhesion protein-1 and myeloperoxidase with a dual inhibitor SNT-8370 in preclinical models of inflammatory disease
Rank annihilation factor analysis for kinetic spectrophotometric determination of morphine in unknown samples
Correction of dysregulated lipid metabolism normalizes gene expression in oligodendrocytes and prolongs lifespan in female poly-GA C9orf72 mice
Abstract Clinical and genetic research links altered cholesterol metabolism with ALS development and progression, yet pinpointing specific pathomechanisms remain challenging. We investigated how cholesterol dysmetabolism interacts with protein aggregation, demyelination, and neuronal loss in ALS. Bulk RNAseq transcriptomics showed decreased cholesterol biosynthesis and increased cholesterol export in ALS mouse models (GA-Nes, GA-Camk2a GA-CFP, rNLS8) and patient samples (spinal cord), suggesting an adaptive response to cholesterol overload. Consequently, we assessed the efficacy of the cholesterol-binding drug 2-hydroxypropyl-β-cyclodextrin (CD) in a fast-progressing C9orf72 ALS mouse model with extensive poly-GA expression and myelination deficits. CD treatment normalized cholesteryl ester levels, lowered neurofilament light chain levels, and prolonged lifespan in female but not male GA-Nes mice, without impacting poly-GA aggregates. Single nucleus transcriptomics indicated that CD primarily affected oligodendrocytes, significantly restored myelin gene expression, increased density of myelinated axons, inhibited the disease-associated oligodendrocyte response, and downregulated the lipid-associated genes Plin4 and ApoD. These results suggest that reducing excess free cholesterol in the CNS could be a viable ALS treatment strategy.
Neural networks for structured grid generation
Identification of RING E3 pseudoligases in the TRIM protein family
Abstract TRIpartite Motif (TRIM) family proteins have diverse roles across a broad variety of cellular functions, which are largely presumed to depend on their ubiquitin E3 ligase activity, conferred by a RING domain. However, recent reports have shown that some TRIMs lack detectable ubiquitination activity in isolation, despite containing a RING domain. Here, we present parallel in cellulo, in vitro, and in silico structure-function analyses of the ubiquitin E3 ligase activity and RING domain structural characteristics of the whole TRIM protein family. In-depth follow-up studies of this comprehensive dataset reveals a number of ‘pseudoligases’, whose RING domains have structurally diverged at either the homodimerisation or E2~ubiquitin interfaces, thereby disrupting their ability to catalyse ubiquitin transfer. Together, these data raise intriguing open questions regarding the unknown TRIM functions in physiology and disease.
Assessing programming education needs of primary and secondary teachers in Guangxi border areas
Synergistic immobilization of ions in mixed tin-lead and all-perovskite tandem solar cells
Experimental evaluation of differential voltage protection scheme based on a coherence function applied to AC machine stator windings
Abstract A coherence algorithm is used to detect and classify electrical faults in the stator windings of the induction machine in this paper. The approach can definitely define turn-to-turn and internal shunt faults that occur on the three-phase machine windings. It can also distinguish between the diverse types of the internal shunt faults. The approach requires the acquisition of three-phase voltage measurements at the midpoints and complete terminals of the stator windings of the induction machine. The function of the numerical differential voltage relay can be performed using cross-coherence and auto-coherence coefficients quantified for the voltage measurements to determine and categorize the various faults. A modified configuration for the three-phase stator windings of an induction motor is used to test the technique; in which, each stator winding of the equipment is re-wounded to obtain 20 taps per phase. This configuration aims to construct voltage transformers at the midpoints and complete terminals for the machine stator windings, and to facilitate making comprehensive tests to ensure the effectiveness of the coherence technique. The testing results demonstrate the effectiveness and efficiency of the advanced protection. The experimental findings indicate that the protection’s dependability and security percentages are greater than 98.0%, and the protection’s reliability and accuracy rates are nearly 97.0%. The coherence measure has the ability to discover winding faults, particularly those occurring from turn to turn, differentiate between fault locations, and categorize shunt faults located within the machine protection zone. Additionally, the proposed approach has a high-speed response that is adjustable, and new tripping curves are created.