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All-round enhancement induced by oxophilic single Ru and W atoms for alkaline hydrogen oxidation of tiny Pt nanoparticles
A novel carbon emission monitoring method for power generation enterprises based on hybrid transformer model
OGG1 and MUTYH repair activities promote telomeric 8-oxoguanine induced senescence in human fibroblasts
Abstract Telomeres are hypersensitive to the formation of the common oxidative lesion 8-oxoguanine (8oxoG), which impacts telomere stability and function. OGG1 and MUTYH glycosylases initiate base excision repair (BER) to remove 8oxoG or prevent mutation. Here, we show OGG1 loss or inhibition, or MUTYH loss, partially rescues telomeric 8oxoG-induced premature senescence and associated proinflammatory responses, while loss of both glycosylases causes a near complete rescue in human fibroblasts. Glycosylase deficiency also suppresses 8oxoG-induced telomere fragility and dysfunction, indicating that downstream single-stranded break (SSB) repair intermediates impair telomere replication. Preventing BER initiation suppresses PARylation and confers resistance to the synergistic effects of PARP inhibitors on 8oxoG-induced senescence. However, OGG1 activity is essential for preserving cell growth after chronic telomeric 8oxoG formation, whereas MUTYH promotes senescence to prevent chromosomal instability from unrepaired damage. Our studies reveal that inefficient completion of 8oxoG BER at telomeres triggers cellular senescence via SSB intermediates which disrupt telomere function.
Identifying impairments and compensatory strategies for temporal gait asymmetry in post-stroke persons
Abstract In post-stroke persons, temporal gait asymmetry (TGA) during comfortable gait involves a combination of pure impairments and compensatory strategies. In this study, we aimed to differentiate between pure impairments and compensatory strategies underlying TGA in post-stroke individuals and identify associated clinical factors. We examined 39 post-stroke individuals who participated in comfortable walking speed (CWS) and rhythmic auditory cueing (RAC). Gait evaluation included spatiotemporal parameters and trunk acceleration, while clinical evaluation comprised motor paralysis severity, sensory disturbances, spasticity, balance ability, and gait efficacy. The participants were classified by clustering based on the symmetry index during CWS and RAC. TGA during CWS or RAC gait showed no association (ρ = 0.062, p = 0.707). Clustering yielded four optimal clusters. Cluster 1 was asymmetric during CWS but symmetric during RAC condition (over-compensatory strategies); these participants had a poor score on the modified gait efficacy scale, and despite mild functional impairments, they lacked the confidence to walk safely. Cluster 2 showed impairment-driven asymmetry during CWS and RAC, with severe impairments and instability. Participants showing improved TGA under auditory cueing compared with comfortable speed demonstrate strong compensatory strategies associated with low gait efficacy. This suggests a need for targeted interventions to enhance gait self-efficacy and maximize residual function.
Ultrahigh piezoelectric performances of (K,Na)NbO3 based ceramics enabled by structural flexibility and grain orientation
Author Correction: Impact of plastic waste fiber and treated construction demolition waste on the durability and sustainability of concrete
Time to HIV viral rebound and frequency of post-treatment control after analytical interruption of antiretroviral therapy: an individual data-based meta-analysis of 24 prospective studies
The effect of blood glucose levels on serum triglyceride clearance in patients with hyperlipidemic acute pancreatitis
Molten Sn solvent expands liquid metal catalysis
Abstract Regulating favorable assemblies of metallic atoms in the liquid state provides promise for catalyzing various chemical reactions. Expanding the selection of metallic solvents, especially those with unique properties and low cost, enables access to distinctive fluidic atomic structures on the surface of liquid alloys and offers economic feasibility. Here, Sn solvent, as a low-cost commodity, supports unique atomic assemblies at the interface of molten SnIn0.1034Cu0.0094, which are highly selective for H2 synthesis from hydrocarbons. Atomistic simulations reveal that distinctive adsorption patterns with hexadecane can be established with Cu transiently reaching the interfacial layer, ensuring an energy-favorable route for H2 generation. Experiments with a natural oil as feedstock underscore this approach’s performance, producing 1.2 × 10− 4 mol/min of H2 with 5.0 g of catalyst at ~93.0% selectivity while offering reliable scalability and durability at 260 °C. This work presents an alternative avenue of tuning fluidic atomic structures, broadening the applications of liquid metals.
Serum levels of Wnt5a in Egyptian women with obesity and their association with toll like receptor 2 Arg753Gln gene polymorphism in a pilot case control study of obesity as a state of metaflammation
Abstract Female obesity is a worldwide health issue linked to chronic metabolic low-grade inflammation (metaflammation) causing multiple obesity-related co-morbid conditions. We aimed to assess the serum levels of wingless integration site family member 5 A (Wnt5a), leptin, and tumor necrosis factor-alpha (TNF-α) as markers of obesity-associated metaflammation and investigate the association with toll-like receptors2 (TLR2) gene (Arg753Gln) single nucleotide polymorphism (SNP) among Egyptian females. The study included 60 females with obesity and 30 matched controls. Serum levels of Wnt5a, leptin, and TNF-α were assessed by ELISA, while TLR2 (Arg753Gln) genotyping was done by PCR-RFLP. Serum Wnt5a, leptin, and TNF-α showed significantly higher levels in females with obesity than controls and a significant increase with higher classes of obesity. They showed significant positive correlations with each other. Only TNF-α and leptin were associated with metabolic syndrome (MetS) among the obesity group. According to TLR2 (Arg753Gln) SNP, the homozygous GG genotype was associated with elevated levels of Wnt5a, leptin, and TNF-α compared to the AA + GA model carriers. No significant differences were found in the distribution of TLR2 Arg753Gln (rs5743708) genotypes and alleles according to obesity or MetS, and the regression analysis showed no significant risk association. Serum Wnt5a, leptin, and TNF-α levels increase in women with obesity and the A allele of TLR2 (Arg753Gln) SNP could be protective against obesity-associated metaflammation.
Distribution of the four type VI secretion systems in Pseudomonas aeruginosa and classification of their core and accessory effectors
Abstract Bacterial type VI secretion systems (T6SSs) are puncturing molecular machines that transport effector proteins to kill microbes, manipulate eukaryotic cells, or facilitate nutrient uptake. How and why T6SS machines and effectors differ within a species is not fully understood. Here, we applied molecular population genetics to the T6SSs in a global population of the opportunistic pathogen Pseudomonas aeruginosa. We reveal varying occurrence of up to four distinct T6SS machines. Moreover, we define conserved core T6SS effectors, likely critical for the biology of P. aeruginosa, and accessory effectors that can exhibit mutual exclusivity between strains. By ancestral reconstruction, we observed dynamic changes in the gain and loss of effector genes in the species’ evolutionary history. Our work highlights the potential importance of T6SS intraspecific diversity in bacterial ecology and evolution.
Curbing the trade in pangolin scales in China by revealing the characteristics of the illegal trade network
Electron–phonon coupling and coherent energy superposition induce spin-sensitive orbital degeneracy for enhanced acidic water oxidation
Hypermethylation of Hif3a and Ifltd1 is associated with atrial remodeling in pressure-overload murine model
Complete pathway elucidation of echinacoside in Cistanche tubulosa and de novo biosynthesis of phenylethanoid glycosides
Retraction Note: Analytical investigations of propagation of ultra-broad nonparaxial pulses in a birefringent optical waveguide by three computational ideas
Identification of CDKN3 overexpression as a marker of poor prognosis and potential therapeutic target in low-grade glioma
Monascus red pigment influence on hydroxyapatite nanoparticles-mediated renal toxicity in rats
Abstract Hydroxyapatite nanoparticles (HANPs) have been applied in several biomedical fields. However, its interaction with biological systems is less exploited. This study aimed to characterize HANPs, examine their influence on kidneys, and explore the potential protective effects of naturally extracted red pigment (RP) from Monascus purpureus against HANPs-induced renal toxicity. To this aim, forty eight adult male rats were randomly divided into 8 equal groups: a control group receiving 4% dimethyl sulfoxide (the solvent for HANPs), three groups receiving extracted RP at different doses of 10, 20, and 40 mg/kg, a group receiving HANPs at a dose of 88.3 mg/kg, and three more groups receiving a double treatment of HANPs associated with RP. The respective treatment was given daily by oral gavage to animals for 50 days which is the duration of the whole experiment. The renal toxicity caused by HANPs was manifested by aberrations in kidney function parameters, intensification of oxidative stress markers, and a decrease in the activity of antioxidant enzymes. Moreover, an increase in inflammatory (TNF-α and TGF-β) and apoptotic (caspace-3) markers, an elevation in gene-based kidney injuries markers (Kim-1 and lipocalin-2), and pathological tissue changes were determined. Meanwhile, co-treatment with different doses of biopigment and HANPs have reduced oxidative stress via their potent antioxidant effect. This was confirmed by pronounced improvement in the measured parameters along with the histological structural enhancement in a dose dependent manner compared to controls. To sum up, RP from M. purpureus has potential protective benefits in mitigating the adverse effects of HANPs.