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Correction to Supporting Information for Walters et al., Identification of FSH-regulated and estrous stage–specific transcriptional networks in mouse ovaries
CERN releases detailed plans for supercollider — but no hints about funding
Large language models for identifying social determinants of health
Daily briefing: Mass layoffs across US health agencies
Correction to Supporting Information for Stransky et al., Toward a CRISPR-based mouse model of <i>Vhl</i> -deficient clear cell kidney cancer: Initial experience and lessons learned
Correction to Supporting Information for Struve et al., Systematic changes in circumpolar dust transport to the Subantarctic Pacific Ocean over the last two glacial cycles
Reply to Deter-Wolf et al.: Laser-stimulated fluorescence of Chancay tattoos
Laser imaging of ancient tattoos: New tools illuminate established knowledge
Reply to Wang: Improving large language model approaches for identifying social determinants of health from clinical notes
Xylem embolism refilling revealed in stems of a weedy grass
Plant hydraulic dysfunction by embolism formation can impair photosynthesis, growth, and reproduction and, in severe cases, lead to death. Embolism reversal, or “refilling,” is a hypothesized adaptive process in which xylem functionality is rapidly and sustainably restored. This study investigated xylem embolism refilling during recovery from severe drought stress using entirely noninvasive measurements of the same plants. These results were considered in relation to functional traits to address long-standing gaps in understanding the consequences of severe drought stress. Leaf and stem xylem embolism as well as transpiration, photosynthesis, and stem water potential were characterized nondestructively on intact barnyard grass plants during an acute drought event. Plants were rewatered and returned to growth conditions for 10 d, during which time recovery of stem xylem embolism and transpiration were monitored. Leaf xylem embolism and declines in leaf gas exchange occurred mostly between −1.0 MPa and −2.0 MPa, whereas stem xylem embolism occurred mostly between −3.0 MPa and −4.0 MPa. In all measured plants, which included embolism levels up to 88%, stem xylem embolism reversed completely within 24 h after rewatering, and this refilling supported recovery of transpiration and growth after plants were returned to growth conditions. This study provides direct evidence of complete and functional stem xylem refilling. These results present a clear need to elucidate underlying mechanisms and the adaptive significance of this phenomenon as well as its prevalence in nature.
Correction to Supporting Information for Schmidt et al., Archaeological adhesives made from <i>Podocarpus</i> document innovative potential in the African Middle Stone Age
Immunotherapy combination shows longer progression‐free survival than chemotherapy alone for patients with a rare type of metastatic colorectal cancer
People experiencing homelessness face inpatient care disparities
Wrestling with the RAS cancer drug pipeline
Correction to Supporting Information for Wang et al., Metabolomic insights into pathogenesis and therapeutic potential in adult acute lymphoblastic leukemia
Top companies and drugs by sales in 2024
Cancer statistics for African American and Black people, 2025
Abstract African American and other Black individuals (referred to as Black people in this article) have a disproportionate cancer burden, including the lowest survival of any racial or ethnic group for most cancers. Every 3 years, the American Cancer Society estimates the number of new cancer cases and deaths for Black people in the United States and compiles the most recent data on cancer incidence (herein through 2021), mortality (through 2022), survival, screening, and risk factors using population‐based data from the National Cancer Institute and the Centers for Disease Control and Prevention. In 2025, there will be approximately 248,470 new cancer cases and 73,240 cancer deaths among Black people in the United States. Black men have experienced the largest relative decline in cancer mortality from 1991 to 2022 overall (49%) and in almost every 10‐year age group, by as much as 65%–67% in the group aged 40–59 years. This progress largely reflects historical reductions in smoking initiation among Black teens, advances in treatment, and earlier detections for some cancers. Nevertheless, during the most recent 5 years, Black men had 16% higher mortality than White men despite just 4% higher incidence, and Black women had 10% higher mortality than White women despite 9% lower incidence. Larger inequalities for mortality than for incidence reflect two‐fold higher death rates for prostate, uterine corpus, and stomach cancers and for myeloma, and 40%–50% higher rates for colorectal, breast, cervical, and liver cancers. The causes of ongoing disparities are multifactorial, but largely stem from inequalities in the social determinants of health that trace back to structural racism. Increasing diversity in clinical trials, enhancing provider education, and implementing financial incentives to ensure equitable care across the cancer care continuum would help close these gaps.