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Predicting podoplanin expression and prognostic significance in high-grade glioma based on TCGA TCIA radiomics

Background Podoplanin (PDPN) is a membrane glycoprotein implicated in tumor invasion and immune modulation in high-grade gliomas (HGGs). However, the non-invasive prediction of PDPN expression and its prognostic significance using radiomics remains unexplored. Materials and methods This study used preoperative contrast-enhanced MRI T1WI data analyzed by gradient boosting machine to predict podoplanin (PDPN) expression and overall survival (OS) in HGG patients. Results We retrospectively analyzed 89 HGG patients’ clinical data, MRI images, and RNA-seq profiles from TCIA. For each patient, 107 radiomics features were extracted from HGG subregions. The radiomics prognostic model was built using two selected features, glcm_Idmn and glcn_Idn. Through validation with external the REMBRANDT dataset (n=39), the model demonstrated great predictive performance for the PDPN expression levels and OS in HGG. The area under the curve of the ROC in the radiomics signature combined with clinical risk factors for the 1-year, 2-year, and 3-year OS rates in the TCIA-HGG were 0.799, 0.883, and 0.923, respectively. Gradient boosting machine using preoperative MRI T1WI and extracted radiomics features performed well in predicting the expression of PDPN and OS in HGG. Conclusions Radiomics features extracted from MRI images can non-invasively predict PDPN expression and prognosis in HGG, offering a potential imaging biomarker for individualized clinical management.

Fullerene Network‐Buffered Platinum Nanoparticles Toward Efficient and Stable Electrochemical Ammonia Oxidation Reaction for Hydrogen Production

Abstract Green ammonia is a promising hydrogen carrier due to its well‐established production, storage, and transportation infrastructure. Moreover, hydrogen production via electrochemical ammonia oxidation reaction (AOR) requires a significantly lower theoretical potential than water electrolysis. However, the sluggish kinetics and poor stability of AOR hinder the industrial application of ammonia electrolysis. Herein, we report the construction of two‐dimensional covalently bonded fullerene polymeric network (PNW‐C 60 ) supported platinum nanoparticles (Pt NPs) as a highly active and stable AOR electrocatalyst. The unique electron buffering effect of PNW‐C 60 enhances the desorption of nitrogen‐containing species and prevents their poisoning on the Pt NPs surface. Consequently, the as‐obtained PNW‐C 60 ‐buffered Pt NPs exhibits a high mass activity of 118 A g Pt −1 as well as good stability, outperforming commercial Pt/C and graphene‐supported Pt NPs AOR catalysts.

Estimation of the future prevalence of diabetes based on data from the Brazilian Study of Cardiovascular Risk Factors in Adolescents (ERICA)

Introduction Diabetes is a significant public health issue due to its high prevalence and multifaceted consequences, impacting both the Brazilian Unified Health System and society. The disease adversely affects people's quality of life and elevates healthcare costs. In 2019, approximately 16 million Brazilians were diagnosed with diabetes mellitus. Understanding the future trends of this disease is crucial for planning effective preventive interventions. This paper aims to estimate the future prevalence type 2 diabetes mellitus on individuals from the Study of Cardiovascular Risk Factors in Adolescents (ERICA) sample, based on the progression of their cardiovascular risk factors. Method A literature review was conducted to identify predictive models for type 2 diabetes mellitus that utilize cardiovascular risk factors assessed during adolescence to forecast diabetes risk in adulthood. A logistic regression model, grounded in the natural history of clinical variables derived from longitudinal studies, was applied to each individual to determine their risk of developing type 2 diabetes mellitus. Additionally, probabilistic and deterministic sensitivity analyses were performed, incorporating the minimum and maximum values of model parameters. Results The predictive model estimated that 15.12% of individuals in the ERICA sample are likely to develop type 2 diabetes mellitus in adulthood, with a range of 1.1% to 28% based on sensitivity analyses. The parameters exerting the most significant influence on these results included diastolic blood pressure and triglycerides, followed by LDL cholesterol and systolic blood pressure. Conclusion The application of this predictive model to the Study of Cardiovascular Risk Factors in Adolescents (ERICA) sample indicates an estimated prevalence of 15.12% for T2DM over a 20.5-year follow-up period. Studies like this one provide valuable insights for designing targeted interventions to mitigate the progression of diabetes and its associated socioeconomic impacts.

Decoding Double Layer Dynamics for CO2 Electroreduction over Cu

Abstract Understanding the nature and role of the electric double layer (EDL) at electrocatalytic interfaces and its dynamic evolution, is critical to optimizing electrochemical processes such as the carbon dioxide reduction reaction (). Despite its postulated significant influence on activity, direct spectroscopic evidence of the complex interplay between EDL structure and reaction kinetics has remained elusive. Here, we introduce Dynamic Response Spectroscopy (DRS), a novel approach that isolates spectroscopic signatures of key physicochemical features of the EDL, including the compact (interfacial) layer and the diffuse double layer based on their time‐variance profiles. By analyzing multi‐dimensional time‐variance within a matrix of time‐resolved infrared spectral data recorded during sequential potential steps, we reveal that EDL equilibration is not continuous but involves discrete restructuring events. We provide spectroscopic evidence that these sudden EDL reorganizations correlate with the rapid adsorption and conversion of to CO. Furthermore, we show that saturation of aqueous NaHCO 3 electrolytes with , as opposed to Ar, induces more frequent and pronounced water reorientation in the diffuse double layer, characterized by less ice‐like ordering and increased randomness. These findings provide novel insights into the dynamic nature of the EDL and its synergistic role in electrocatalysis, establishing a paradigm to better understand, and thus optimize, electrochemical systems.

Evaluation of the prevalence of MASLD, MASH and liver fibrosis in a Dutch bariatric cohort

Background and aims The prevalence of metabolic dysfunction-associated steatotic liver disease (MASLD) and metabolic dysfunction-associated steatohepatitis (MASH) in bariatric populations has been widely studied but may vary geographically. This study evaluates MASLD/MASH prevalence and the utility of non-invasive tests (NITs) for liver fibrosis in a Dutch bariatric surgery cohort. Methods This single-center cross-sectional diagnostic accuracy study included 220 patients undergoing bariatric surgery. At baseline, 10 NITs were performed. Patients with liver stiffness measurements ≥ 8kPa using vibration-controlled transient elastography underwent a liver biopsy during surgery. Histology was assessed using the nonalcoholic fatty liver disease Activity Score. Diagnostic accuracy of NITs was evaluated against histology using sensitivity, specificity, and area under the receiver operating characteristic (AUROC). MASH was defined as steatosis with lobular inflammation and ballooning, with or without fibrosis. At-risk MASH included fibrosis ≥F2. Results Out of 77 patients (35%) eligible for histological analysis, the findings revealed a MASLD prevalence of 50.6%, MASH prevalence of 5.3%, and at-risk MASH prevalence of 2.6%. Most patients had no fibrosis (67.1%), while others exhibited mild fibrosis (F1: 23.7%, F2: 9.2%). Capped MAF-5 effectively identified fibrosis stage ≥2 (AUROC: 0.809), surpassing FIB-4 (AUROC: 0.645). Both the FAST score and capped MAF-5 demonstrated strong performance in detecting at-risk MASH. Conclusion MASLD/MASH prevalence and advanced fibrosis were lower than expected in this Dutch cohort. Capped MAF-5 demonstrated superior performance for fibrosis detection, while transient elastography and FIB-4 were less reliable. Further studies are needed to optimize NIT selection in bariatric populations.

Construction of Nonadjacent Stereocenters Through Iridium‐Catalyzed Desymmetric Hydroheteroarylation of Cyclopentenes

Abstract Transition metal–catalyzed direct addition of (hetero)aryl C─H bond to an alkene provides an expedited route to construct benzylic stereocenter from readily available arene and alkene feedstocks with complete atom‐economy. However, creation of more than one stereocenter through enantioselective C─H (hetero)arylation remains a challenging goal. Here we report an iridium‐catalyzed desymmetric hydroheteroarylation of cyclopentenes to construct 1,3‐nonadjacent stereocenters. A series of heteroaryl C─H bonds were cleaved site‐selectively and added regio‐ and enantioselectively to an unactivated alkene containing an amide coordinating group, delivering valuable enantioenriched cyclopentane scaffolds containing 1,3‐tertiary–tertiary or 1,3‐quaternary–tertiary stereocenters with exclusive diastereoselectivity and excellent enantioselectivity.

Determinants of cervical cancer screening utilisation among women in the least developed countries: A systematic review and meta-analysis

Background and aims Globally, cervical cancer is the fourth most common cancer among women, and more than 90% of all cervical cancer-related deaths worldwide are recorded in resource-limited countries. The present review investigated the uptake rate of cervical cancer screening and identified the factors associated with screening service utilisation in the female populations of least developed countries (LDCs). Methods Five electronic databases (EMBASE, Ovid MEDLINE, CINAHL, Cochrane Library, and PubMed) and grey literature were searched for relevant literature using the keywords of the included studies. Both qualitative and quantitative studies were included. Three reviewers performed critical appraisals using the Mixed Methods Appraisal Tool. Meta-analysis was performed to pool the quantitative results from comparable studies. Results A total of twenty-five studies were included in the review. The cervical cancer screening uptake rate in LDCs ranged from 4% to 21%. Multiple factors were associated with screening service utilisation among women in the LDCs, namely socio-demographic characteristics, including employment status (odds ratio (OR): 2.72; 95% CI: 1.97–3.76; p < 0.001); knowledge of cervical cancer and its screening (OR: 3.39; 95% CI: 2.00–5.75; p < 0.001); sexual and reproductive health-related factors such as parity status (OR: 2.73; 95% CI: 1.61–4.64; p = 0.002); healthcare providers’ recommendations (OR: 5.32; 95% CI: 2.44–11.58; p < 0.001); perceived risk of developing cervical cancer (OR: 3.76; 95% CI: 2.62–5.38; p < 0.001); use of media for cervical cancer screening promotion, including radio; cultural factors; and myths and misconceptions about cervical cancer and its screening. Conclusions The uptake of cervical cancer screening among eligible women in the LDCs was notably low. The governments of these countries are advised to invest and allocate additional resources to advance policies and develop cervical cancer prevention programmes that are accessible, affordable, and acceptable.

New approach to the development of tailor-made feed for fish larvae using Zebrafish Danio rerio as a model

Protein hydrolysates have been used extensively as dietary protein for larval fish. Typically, they are expensive, difficult to produce, and show varying results when utilized for different species. This study proposed a practical hydrolysis method that utilizes endogenous enzymes within the body to “auto-hydrolyze”, or digest its tissue proteins with its own endogenous enzymes, and produce a fishmeal tailored to nutritional requirements and absorptive capacity of larval fish. The objectives for this experiment were to determine the: 1) effect of the proposed hydrolysis method on tissue protein breakdown level; and 2) effect of dietary inclusion of obtained hydrolysates on larval growth performance, using Zebrafish (Danio rerio). Whole-body adult Zebrafish were utilized to produce an unhydrolyzed fishmeal, and three fishmeals hydrolyzed for 1, 2, and 3 h, respectively. Three diets were formulated, defined by their dietary protein supply. The Unhydro diet contained unhydrolyzed Zebrafish meal. The 50% Hydro diet contained 50% Zebrafish meal hydrolysates and 50% unhydrolyzed Zebrafish meal. The 100% Hydro diet contained 100% Zebrafish meal hydrolysates. Five groups were utilized in this study, with three groups receiving one of the produced Zebrafish meal-based diets. Larvae fed a commercial starter diet and Artemia, respectively, were included as reference groups. Larval fish were randomly stocked into tanks (100 fish per tank) at 3 days-post-hatch (dph), and the trial was carried out until 18 dph. Electrophoretic analysis showed that the proposed hydrolysis method was able to efficiently hydrolyze the protein within Zebrafish body. The feeding trial results found no significant differences in weight, total length, or survival between the Unhydro, 50% Hydro, and 100% Hydro groups. The proposed hydrolysis method provides a practical and potentially cost-effective approach to producing species-specific fishmeal hydrolysates. Further research is necessary to determine whether the produced hydrolysates can improve the growth of larval fish in other species.

Scalable and Ultrathin Dual Entangled Network Polymer Electrolytes for Safe Solid‐State Sodium Batteries

Abstract Identifying ultrathin and flexible solid‐state electrolytes with high ionic conductivity and low interfacial resistance is crucial for scale‐up production of solid‐state sodium (Na) metal batteries (SSMBs). However, the challenges of poor processing scalability, insufficient intrinsic mechanical strength, and limited ionic transport capacity remain unaddressed. Herein, an ultrathin 9.7 µm solid‐state electrolyte membrane featuring a dual‐polymer entangled network is meticulously engineered through an arrayed multi‐nozzle electrospinning technique with a swelling and hot pressing process using polyacrylonitrile and poly(ether‐block‐amide), which exhibits an exceptional voltage tolerance, enhanced tensile strength, and superior thermal stability. The soft ether oxygens segments in multiblock copolymers complex with Na + to promote the rapid hopping transport of Na + . Meanwhile, interconnected electronegative channels based on carbonyl and cyanogen groups serve as Na + conduits to smooth ion fluctuations and accelerate Na + selective conduction simultaneously. The obtained inorganic‐organic composite solid electrolyte interface with the improved mechanical strength of ultrathin solid‐state electrolytes effectively suppresses Na dendrites with low overpotential over 500 h. The solid‐state cells paired with layered oxides deliver a capacity retention of over 91.1% between 25 °C and 65 °C, and assembled pouch cells exhibit impressive energy density over 100 cycles, showing great potential for large‐scale application of ultrathin structure in the SSMBs.

Computational design and cheminformatics profiling of omeprazole derivatives for enhanced proton pump inhibition of potassium-transporting ATPase alpha chain 1

Proton pump inhibitors are essential for treating moderate-to-severe gastroesophageal reflux, peptic ulcers, esophagitis, and related conditions by increasing gastric pH and inhibiting hydrogen ion discharge into the stomach. However, prolonged use may lead to adverse effects along with reduced efficacy. Our research investigates the strategic modification of omeprazole (OMP) derivatives to improve their binding affinity to targeted proteins, thereby enhancing their chemical reactivity, stability, and toxicity profiles. A total of 22 novel OMP analogues were designed through structural alterations, focusing on the benzimidazole and pyridine rings. The geometrical attributes of the analogues were further confirmed through spectral and quantum computational analysis based on density functional theory (DFT) and a B3LYP/6-31G+ G (d, p) basis set. The molecular docking with PTAAC1 presented that most of the analogues had similar or higher binding affinities and nonbonding interactions, including OMP3, OMP19, and OMP21, with binding energies of -7.3, -8.3, and -8.1 kcal/mol compared to the OMP at -7.1 kcal/mol. Pharmacokinetic, biological, and toxicological profiles via ADMET and PASS predictions also demonstrated increased safety and therapeutic potential. MD simulation also showed good stability of OMP3, OMP19, and OMP21 in binding to PTAAC1, and the RMSD, RMSF, ligand RMSD, rGyr, SASA, MolSA, PolSA, and hydrogen bond analysis also suggested superior drug potential compared to OMP. Additionally, the post-simulation MM/GBSA analysis revealed that OMP3 (-36.91 kcal/mol) outperformed OMP19 (-26.45) and OMP21 (-12.61). The protein binding site’s high stability and elevated negative binding free energy value further indicate a robust compound-protein interaction with OMP3. However, principal component analysis (PCA) showed the highest variance for OMP21, accounting for 50.66%, 21.58%, and 6.51%, respectively, for PC1, PC2, and PC3. These findings could lead to the development of OMP3 and OMP21 as potential next-generation PPIs with enhanced pharmacological activity and improved side-effect profiles, necessitating more in vitro and in vivo testing.

Intramolecular Thiol‐Promoted Decomposition of Cysteine Ester (ITPDC): A General Platform for Controllable Release of Reactive Sulfur Species

Abstract Endogenously generated reactive sulfur species (RSS) play critical roles in various physiological processes. RSS donors can enhance our understanding of RSS chemical biology and open new avenues for treating RSS‐associated diseases. Nevertheless, general strategies for the controllable release of distinct RSS remain lacking. Herein, we present the first general platform for controllable release of RSS with sulfur oxidation states ranging from −2 to +4, based on the intramolecular thiol‐promoted decomposition of cysteine ester ( ITPDC ). We first rationally designed ITPDC ‐based hydrogen sulfide (H 2 S) donors that avoid electrophilic byproducts and exhibit high H 2 S release efficiencies (>50%). Mechanistic investigations and density functional theory calculations elucidated the detailed pathways of pH‐controllable H 2 S release from ITPDC , and computational studies also predicted other H 2 S‐related RSS release from the ITPDC ‐based motifs. Importantly, we developed a series of ITPDC ‐based donors capable of releasing various RSS, including persulfide, hydrogen persulfide, sulfenic acid, sulfinic acid, and sulfur dioxide (SO 2 ). Moreover, fluorescent imaging demonstrated the successful cellular delivery of H 2 S, persulfide, and SO 2 from these donors, and the ITPDC ‐based motif was employed to create a light‐triggered donor. We anticipate that these innovative chemistries will provide valuable tools for studying sulfur biology and for developing new RSS donors and bio‐orthogonal cleavage techniques.

Design and experiment of spiral conveying pipe in pneumatic centralized fertilizer discharge system

To address the problem of poor fertilizer uniformity caused by vibration and skewing during rice transplanter operations, this study developed a pneumatic centralized spiral fertilizer discharge system. By leveraging the combined effects of high-speed swirling airflow and a spiral conveying pipe, the system generates a high-speed rotating air–fertilizer mixed flow, mitigating the negative effects of ground unevenness and machine vibration on fertilizer performance. Through multi-parameter coupled simulation experiments, the optimal working parameters for the spiral conveying pipe were identified as follows: a spiral pipe length of 444.35 mm, a cross-sectional slope angle of 26°, an airflow velocity of 35 m s−1, and a screw pitch of 105 mm, achieving a coefficient of variation of 4.61%. To simulate complex field environments, comparative bench experiments were conducted between the spiral conveying pipe and the smooth straight pipe. The results showed that, at inclination angles of 0°, 5°, 10°, and 15°, the coefficients of variation for the spiral conveying pipe were 4.53%, 5.87%, 8.47%, and 9.64%, respectively, significantly outperforming the smooth straight pipe. Compared to the smooth straight pipe, the spiral conveying pipe reduced the coefficients of variation by 50.81%, 54.07%, 44.53%, and 50.54%, respectively. Field experiments demonstrated that the coefficient of variation for the spiral conveying pipe was 5.27%, representing a 63.1% reduction compared to the 14.28% recorded for the smooth straight pipe. The results confirm the effectiveness of the spiral conveying pipe’s structural design and its superior fertilizer performance, making it highly suitable for complex paddy field environments.

Correction: Investigating the association between diabetes and carpal tunnel syndrome: A systematic review and meta-analysis approach

Inside Front Cover: Identification of an Activity Selector for the Nitroso‐Forming Activity in Bacterial Type‐III Copper Enzymes (Angew. Chem. Int. Ed. 26/2025)

Does urban density always boost smart productivity? Evidence of an inverted U-shaped relationship in Chinese cities

Does urban density always boost smart productivity? Based on panel data from 28 major Chinese cities (2011–2021), this study reveals an inverted U-shaped relationship between urban density and smart productivity. Using entropy weight method, we construct comprehensive indices to measure both urban density and smart productivity levels. Our findings demonstrate that urban density positively influences smart productivity up to a threshold of 0.497, beyond which the relationship becomes negative. The results from fixed effects modeling show that a 1% increase in urban density is associated with a 0.114% increase in smart productivity before reaching the threshold. Through mediation analysis, we find that urbanization level serves as a significant mediator, accounting for 49.1% of the total effect. Furthermore, heterogeneity analysis reveals distinct regional patterns: urban density exhibits stronger positive effects in western regions (coefficient = 0.181) compared to central regions (coefficient = 0.156), while showing negative impacts in eastern regions. These findings suggest that optimal urban density levels vary across regions, and cities should adopt differentiated development strategies accordingly. Our study contributes to the literature by quantifying the non-linear relationship between urban density and smart productivity, while providing empirical evidence for urban planning policies.

Asymmetric Electrochemical Alkenylation by Synergistic Chiral Primary Amine and Naphthalene Catalysis

Abstract External tuning of enamine intermediate has significantly expanded reaction space of typical aminocatalysis. Notwithstanding the progress of chemo‐ and photo‐oxidation of enamine intermediate, electro‐oxidation was left as a much less explored area, in stark contrast to the prosperous renaissance of electrochemistry in recent years. Challenges mainly come from the reactivity barrier as a consequence of heterogeneous electron transfer and subtle stereocontrol in ionic electrolyte solution under the influence of electric field. Herein, we report asymmetric α‐alkenylation of carbonyl compounds using potassium alkenyl trifluoroborate as a model reaction to demonstrate the capability of primary amine catalysis under electrochemical conditions. By employing enamine redox mediator mapping (e‐RM 2 ) strategy, a new organic mediator, dimethoxyl naphthalene, was found to greatly enhance reactivity. Mechanistic studies uncover an ion‐pair interaction between protonated aminocatalyst and anionic substrate that accounts for the exceptional enantioselectivity. This catalytic system demonstrates the best level of enantioselectivities in electro‐oxidative enamine transformations so far.

Hyperuricemia and associated factors among adult cardiovascular disease patients at Salale University Comprehensive Specialized Hospital, Fitche, Central Ethiopia

Background Despite evidence suggesting that hyperuricemia (serum uric acid >7.0 mg/dL in males and >6.0 mg/dL in females) contributes to adverse outcomes like mortality and hospitalization in patients with cardiovascular disease (CVD), a comprehensive understanding of its magnitude is still lacking, underscoring the need for further investigation. There is no previously published study about hyperuricemia in cardiovascular disease in Ethiopia. Therefore, this study aims to investigate the prevalence of hyperuricemia and its associated factors among adult patients with cardiovascular diseases at Salale University Compressive Specialized Hospital Located in Fitche, Ethiopia (115 km north of Addis Ababa),from October 1, 2023, to January 28, 2024. Materials and methods A hospital-based cross-sectional study was conducted on 298 participants with different types of cardiovascular disease. The participants were selected using a consecutive sampling technique. Socio-demographic factors were collected using interviewer-administered questionnaires, while overnight blood samples were collected and biochemical tests were analyzed using the COBAS c 311 automated clinical chemistry analyzer. Descriptive statistics and logistic regression analyses were performed. A variable that had a p-value of ≤ 0.05 with a 95% confidence interval was considered statistically significant. Result The prevalence of hyperuricemia among adult cardiovascular disease patients was 41.3% CI [35.6–47.1]. The highest prevalence of hyperuricemia was found among cardiovascular disease patients with congestive heart failure (48.0%) and hypertensive heart disease (41.2%). Factors such as physical activity (AOR: 4.1; 95% CI: 1.5–10.7, P = 0.004), dyslipidemia (AOR: 2.7; 95% CI: 1.2–6.0, P = 0.01) and chronic kidney disease (AOR: 3.1; 95% CI: 1.5–6.1, P = 0.001) were found to be associated with hyperuricemia among individuals with cardiovascular disease. Conclusion The study indicated a high prevalence of hyperuricemia among participants with cardiovascular disease. Physical activity, dyslipidemia, and chronic kidney disease were recognized as significant associated factors of hyperuricemia among cardiovascular disease. Therefore, early diagnosis of hyperuricemia and its management is essential to control complications and extend the life expectancy of individuals with cardiovascular disease.

Heart failure treatment patterns: A pharmacoepidemiological descriptive study in Colombia (The HEATCO study)

Introduction Heart failure is a common condition associated with significant mortality. Objective: to determine the prescription patterns of medications for the treatment of heart failure in a cohort of patients from Colombia. Methods This was a retrospective study based on the clinical records of patients diagnosed with heart failure between 2019 and 2020. Sociodemographic, clinical, paraclinical, and pharmacological variables and the specialty of the treating physician were identified. Patients were classified according to functional class, stage, and left ventricular ejection fraction (LVEF). Results A total of 4742 patients were evaluated, with a mean age of 68.2 ± 13.8 years and a male predominance (61.3%). A total of 92.0% were classified as stage C and 54.8% as functional class I, the mean LVEF was 42.9 ± 14.8%, and 32.53% had reduced LVEF. 30.7% did not have LVEF data. The most common causes were ischemic heart disease (44.0%) and arterial hypertension (29.7%). A total of 5.2% had hospitalizations for heart failure in the last year, and 75.6% were attended by a general practitioner. These patients were treated with β-blockers (88.3%), renin-angiotensin-aldosterone system inhibitors (RAASis) (83.1%), loop diuretics (46.8%), and mineralocorticoid receptor antagonists (MRAs) (46.5%). Triple therapy with RAASis + β-blockers+MRAs was received by 56.4% of patients with reduced LVEF, 32.8% with mildly reduced LVEF and19.5% with preserved LVEF, while quadruple therapy adding a sodium-glucose cotransporter-2 inhibitor (SGLT2i) was given just to 4.6% with reduced LVEF. Conclusion The treatment that patients with heart failure with preserved LVEF is relatively simpler and is closer to the recommendations, while the proportion of indicated therapies according to guidelines is lower among those with reduced LVEF.

NO‐Enhanced Sonodynamic Nanovesicles with Co‐Stimulatory Molecule Self‐Presentation for Multidimensional Tumor Immunotherapy

Abstract Synergistically improving T cell responsiveness represents a promising therapeutic strategy for tumors; however, current treatments struggle to fully activate cancer‐immunity cascade. We propose a novel gas‐assisted sonosensitizer‐loaded biomimetic nanoplatform, triggering ultrasonic‐sensitive tumor immunogenic cell death (ICD) and cascading immune activation. Upon ultrasound stimulation, the nanocore liberates reactive oxygen species and nitric oxide, generating highly toxic peroxynitrite (ONOO − ) in situ. The ONOO − then orchestrated several intracellular events, including protein S ‐nitrosylation, endoplasmic reticulum stress, Ca 2+ dyshomeostasis‐mediated mitochondrial dysfunction, and ICD‐enhanced immune cell recruitment. Furthermore, the biomimetic artificial dendritic cell (DC) membranes, from genetically engineered tumor cells, simultaneously present peptide‐major histocompatibility complex class I (pMHC‐I) and CD86, enabling homologous tumor targeting but also mimicking the antigen presentation and costimulatory signaling of DCs to directly activate infiltrating T lymphocytes. In multiple murine models, this nanovaccine demonstrated remarkable therapeutic efficacy, including tumor suppression, long‐lasting antitumor immunity, and tumor metastasis inhibition. The ultrasound‐responsive nanoDCs offer a promising paradigm for multifaceted immune boosters to address the challenges of immune tolerance and suboptimal patient response.

Synergistic Regulation of Multi‐Interface Chemistry by Functional Carbon Dots for High‐Performance Composite Solid Electrolytes

Abstract Low ionic conductivity, poor mechanical strength, and unstable interface structure are still the main factors hindering the practical application of polymer solid‐state lithium metal batteries (SSLMBs). In this work, we have developed a unique composite filler (LLZTOCDs) for solid polymer electrolytes to address these challenges through synergistic regulation of multi‐interface chemistry. The LLZTOCDs is prepared via thermal treatment of N,S,F‐codoped carbon dots (NSFCDs) and Li 6.5 La 3 Zr 1.5 Ta 0.5 O 12 (LLZTO) inorganic electrolyte. Here, the detrimental Li 2 CO 3 on the LLZTO surface is converted into a fast ion‐conducting and an electron‐insulating interlayer of LiF and Li 3 N, and the carbon dots self‐assemble into a functional organophilic coating on the outermost layer, which acts as a bridge between the LLZTO and the polymer. This unique structure enhances the compatibility and ion‐exchange kinetics between the LLZTOCDs and the polymer, significantly improving the mechanical strength and Li + transport. Additionally, the oxygen vacancies formed in situ at the LLZTOCDs interface provide an anion confinement effect, increasing lithium salt dissociation, and enhancing the Li + transference number to 0.85. Therefore, the solid battery constructed with LLZTOCDs exhibits excellent electrochemical stability, long‐cycle life, and high ionic conductivity (1.96 × 10 − 4 S cm −1 at 25 °C), providing a feasible strategy for practical applications.