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Pyrazine‐Embedded 2D Conjugated Metal–Organic Framework with Quasi‐Honeycomb Lattice for High‐Capacitance Lithium‐Ion Storage
Abstract As a unique class of framework electronic materials, 2D conjugated metal–organic frameworks (2D c ‐MOFs) exhibit intrinsic porosity, superior electrical conductivity, and abundant active sites. These properties endow them with great potential in electrochemical lithium‐ion storage. However, the development of 2D c ‐MOF‐based capacitors has encountered a bottleneck in enhancing Li‐ion storage capacitance, and the design of high‐capacitance MOF electrode materials has remained a challenge. Herein, we synthesize a Cu‐OHDDQP (octahydroxy‐dibenzo[ a , c ]dibenzo[5,6:7,8]quinoxalino[2,3‐ i ]phenazine) 2D c ‐MOF with a quasi‐honeycomb lattice by employing a nonplanar D 2 ‐symmetric conjugated ligand embedding redox‐active pyrazine moieties. The quasi‐honeycomb lattice features a dual‐porous tessellation of C 6 ‐symmetric and C 3 ‐symmetric pores. Notably, when utilized as active material for electrochemical lithium storage, Cu‐OHDDQP achieves a record‐high gravimetric specific capacitance among reported 2D c ‐MOFs of 452 F g −1 in aqueous lithium electrolyte, along with a decent cycling stability of 90% after 1000 cycles. Such high capacitance is attributed to both the quasi‐honeycomb lattice leading to higher surface area and the redox‐active pyrazine moieties offering extra lithium‐adsorption sites and associated pseudocapacitance. This work demonstrates that rational ligand design enables high‐capacitance MOF electrodes materials, highlighting the potential of conductive MOFs for electrochemical energy technologies.
Harnessing Lithium‐Mediated Green Ammonia Synthesis with Water Electrolysis Boosted by Membrane Electrolyzer with Polyoxometalate Proton Shuttles
Abstract Integrating water electrolysis (WE) with lithium‐mediated nitrogen reduction (Li‐NRR) offers a sustainable route for green ammonia production by directly utilizing protons from water oxidation, eliminating reliance on grey or blue hydrogen. Here, polyoxometalates (POMs) function as electron‐coupled proton buffers (ECPBs) to seamlessly link WE with Li‐NRR in a three‐compartment flow reactor comprising an aqueous anode, an organic cathode, and a gas feed chamber. POMs serve as proton shuttles while suppressing the competing hydrogen evolution reaction (HER), facilitating efficient ammonia synthesis. The addition of polymethyl methacrylate (PMMA) enhances catholyte hydrophobicity, mitigating water contamination. By optimizing ECPB concentration, a dynamic balance is achieved between lithium nitride intermediates (LiNxHy) formation and consumption, yielding ammonia at 573.7 ± 5.2 µg h⁻¹ cm⁻ 2 with a Faradaic efficiency of 54.2%. This design advances flow reactor technology by uniquely utilizing water oxidation as a direct proton source, bypassing conventional hydrogen oxidation methods. The use of POMs as proton shuttles establishes a new benchmark for green ammonia production, reinforcing its potential in sustainable chemistry.
Application of wings interferential patterns (WIPs) and deep learning (DL) to classify some Culex. spp (Culicidae) of medical or veterinary importance
Abstract In this paper, we test the possibility of using Wing Interference Patterns (WIPs) and deep learning (DL) for the identification of Culex mosquitoes species to evaluate the extent to which a generic method could be developed for surveying Dipteran insects of major importance to human health. Previous applications of WIPs and DL have successfully demonstrated their utility in identifying Anopheles , Aedes , sandflies, and tsetse flies, providing the rationale for extending this approach to Culex . Accurate identification of these mosquitoes is crucial for vector-borne disease control, yet traditional methods remain labor-intensive and are often hindered by cryptic species or damaged samples. To address these challenges, we applied WIPs, generated by thin-film interference on wing membranes, in combination with convolutional neural networks (CNNs) for species classification. Our results achieved over $$95\%$$ genus-level accuracy and up to $$100\%$$ species-level accuracy. Nonetheless, challenges with underrepresented species emphasize the need for larger datasets and complementary techniques such as molecular barcoding. This study highlights the potential of WIPs and DL to enhance mosquito identification and contribute to scalable tools for broader surveys of health-relevant Dipteran insects.
Factors influencing job satisfaction among public-sector employees in the united arab emirates: a cross-sectional study
Mitogenomes of mosquito species of Harris County in Texas
Mix design and performance prediction of EPS lightweight structural concrete based on orthogonal experimentation
Analysis of 2-dimensional regional differences in the peripapillary scleral fibroblast cytoskeleton of normotensive and hypertensive mouse eyes
Multiomics analyses of gut microbiota and metabolites in people living with HIV before and during SARS-COV-2 infection
On the movement of the honeybee queen in the hive
Abstract A honeybee colony is a complex and dynamic system that emerges out of the interactions of thousands of individuals within a seemingly chaotic and heterogeneous environment. At the figurative core of this system is the honeybee queen, responsible for the growth and reproduction of the eusocial superorganism. In this study, we examine the interaction between the queen and her surrounding environment by analyzing her movement patterns using mathematical models and computational approaches. We employed a visual tracking system to observe three queens of Apis mellifera within their colonies over a three-week period and analyzed sets of quality tracklets to provide observational evidence regarding the queens’ motion-related decision-making. Contrary to expectations, we found that the queen’s short-term motion characteristics—such as speed and turning—were remarkably invariant across distinct hive regions, suggesting a lack of direct environmental modulation at short timescales. Yet, long-term patterns showed structured and strategic behavior. Inter-stop distances followed a power-law distribution, and queens repeatedly revisited specific spatial zones over multi-day timescales. These results indicate a dual-scale movement strategy that is not captured by standard random walk models, highlighting internal state or memory-based navigation. Our findings suggest that queen movement is shaped by temporally layered processes that may support brood nest stability, efficient egg-laying, and colony cohesion.
The role of promoters on NiO catalysts for methane decomposition and hydrogen production
Jaw Mobility Restoration through Physiotherapy After Prolonged Dental Procedures: A Pilot Study
Long-term dental procedures may call for extended mouth opening, which might lead to temporomandibular joint pain, trismus, reduced jaw mobility following surgery, and so on. These problems impair important skills, including chewing, speaking, and maintaining tooth cleanliness, in addition to making one uncomfortable. Physiotherapy is a non-invasive and quick fix aimed to restoring normal jaw function by lowering muscular tension, improving joint flexibility, and thereby boosting the general range of motion. This research explores the efficiency of physiotherapeutic treatments, including thermosapy, manual therapy, passive stretching, and guided jaw exercises, in aiding functional recovery of the temporomandibular joint following significant dental treatments. Patients undertaking physiotherapy reported much improved masticatory ability, less pain, and jaw mobility. The findings underline the probable benefits of adding PT into postoperative therapy strategies to help with faster recovery and improved patient quality of life. Patient education, home-based exercise adherence, and a coordinated multidisciplinary approach combining dental specialists, physiotherapists, and pain experts are guarantees of best therapeutic effects. The study confirms the fundamental component of total dental treatment— physiotherapy inclusion especially in cases when extended treatments raise a patient's functional restrictions of the jaw.
On the mechanism of photodriven hydrogenations of N <sub>2</sub> and other substrates by Hantzsch ester: Buffer is key to reactive H-atom donors
The Hantzsch ester (HEH 2 ) has found considerable utility as a photoreductant in synthesis, with photodriven transfer hydrogenation reactions typically limited to activated substrates. We recently established that the addition of an organic buffer of collidinium triflate [(ColH)OTf] and collidine (Col) allows photodriven transfer hydrogenation from HEH 2 to N 2 forming NH 3 (nitrogen reduction; N 2 R) in the presence of a Mo catalyst. Given the requirements for Mo-catalyzed thermally driven N 2 R, this result suggested the generation of a significant driving force for proton-coupled electron transfer (PCET) when irradiating HEH 2 in the presence of Col-buffer. In this study, we probe how Col-buffer enables efficient photodriven proton-coupled reductions with HEH 2 . Wavelength-dependent NH 3 yields are consistent with HEH 2 photoexcitation, and the combination of HEH 2 with Col-buffer is privileged. Data are presented, suggesting that HEH 2 is statically quenched via ET to [ColH]OTf through an H-bonded association complex to release ColH • and [HEH 2 ] •+ . Transient absorbance data and EPR studies establish that the resulting [HEH 2 ] •+ intermediate is rapidly deprotonated by Col to yield HEH • , in net furnishing HEH • and ColH • as potent H-atom donors. Broader utility of this reagent combination is demonstrated in the photoreduction of a range of C=O and N=O π-bonds by HEH 2 , with a significant boost in rates and yield, and altered reactivity, observed on addition of Col-buffer. ColH • is posited as the most potent PCET donor generated (BDFE N−H of 28 kcal mol −1 ).
Commitment of adipose-resident c-kit+ progenitors to brown adipocytes contributes to adipose tissue homeostasis and remodeling
Chiroptical switching and strong circularly polarized luminescence in peptide supramolecular assemblies
Collapse of the standard ferromagnetic domain structure in hybrid Co/Molecule bilayers
Abstract The interplay between Hund’s coupling, exchange interaction and magnetic anisotropy is responsible for a multitude of magnetic phases, ranging from conventional ferromagnetism to exotic spin textures. Yet, engineering and fine-tuning a magnetic state remains a major challenge in modern magnetism. We show that the chemisorption of organic molecules over Co thin films offers a tool to transform the films from ferromagnetic to a glassy-type state. This emerges when the correlation length of the random anisotropy field, induced by the π-d molecule/metal hybridization, is comparable to the characteristic exchange length. Such a state is characterized by the collapse of the standard domain structure and the emergence of blurred pseudo-domains intertwined by diffuse and irregular domain walls. The magnetization reversal then involves topological vortex-like structures, which are here predicted and successfully measured by magnetic-force microscopy. At the macroscopic level this new glassy-type state is defined by a giant magnetic hardening and the violation of the magnetization-reversal Rayleigh law. Our work thus shows that the electronic interaction of a standard thin-film magnet with readily available molecules can generate structures with remarkable new magnetic properties, and thus opens a new avenue for the design of tailored-on-demand magnetic composites.
Dog facial landmarks detection and its applications for facial analysis
Abstract Automated analysis of facial expressions is a crucial challenge in the emerging field of animal affective computing. One of the most promising approaches in this context is facial landmarks, which are well-studied for humans and are now being adopted for many non-human species. The scarcity of high-quality, comprehensive datasets is a significant challenge in the field. This paper is the first to present a novel Dog Facial Landmarks in the Wild (DogFLW) dataset containing 3732 images of dogs annotated with facial landmarks and bounding boxes. Our facial landmark scheme has 46 landmarks grounded in canine facial anatomy, the Dog Facial Action Coding System (DogFACS), and informed by existing cross-species landmarking methods. We additionally provide a benchmark for dog facial landmarks detection and demonstrate two case studies for landmark detection models trained on the DogFLW. The first is a pipeline using landmarks for emotion classification from dog facial expressions from video, and the second is the recognition of DogFACS facial action units (variables), which can enhance the DogFACS coding process by reducing the time needed for manual annotation. The DogFLW dataset aims to advance the field of animal affective computing by facilitating the development of more accurate, interpretable, and scalable tools for analysing facial expressions in dogs with broader potential applications in behavioural science, veterinary practice, and animal-human interaction research.
Sedentary behavior accelerates biological aging mediated by body mass index in adults
Abstract Sedentary behavior is widely recognized as a detriment to health. Limited conclusions have been drawn about the relationship between sitting time and biomarkers-measured aging. 12,504 eligible adults were included from the National Health and Nutrition Examination Survey (NHANES) 2007 to 2016. Weighted logistic regression, subgroup analysis, and restricted cubic spline regression were conducted to investigate the association and dose-response relationship between sitting time and phenotypic age acceleration (PhenoAgeAccel). The mediating effect of body mass index (BMI) on this correlation was revealed by mediation analysis. After adjusting for multiple covariates, longer sitting time (4–6 h: OR 1.30, 95%CI 1.06–1.58, p = 0.013; 6–8 h: OR 1.25, 95%CI 1.01–1.55, p = 0.038; ≥8 h: OR 1.58, 95%CI 1.33–1.88, p < 0.001) significantly had higher risk of aging comparing to the reference (< 4 h). The dose-response relationship exhibited an approximately linear dependence. Additionally, BMI partially mediated the association between sitting time and PhenoAgeAccel by a 21.0% proportion. Our study revealed a strong, significant, independent, linear relationship between sitting time and phenotypic age. BMI served as a mediator of the correlation between sitting time and PhenoAgeAccel.
Optimization of thermal properties of palm fiber and nanofillers reinforced epoxy nanocomposite
Abstract In recent times, the growing economic concerns and the rising cost of synthetic fibers have shifted focus to natural fiber reinforced composites, which are evident in the current literature. It is important to understand the thermal properties of these materials for functional applications. This study investigates the thermal conductivity of epoxy composites reinforced with sodium hydroxide (NaOH)-treated palm fruit fiber, a rarely used natural resource, with the addition of nanofillers, multi-walled carbon nanotubes, hexagonal boron nitride (h-BN), and aluminium oxide (Al2O3) used at 1 wt.%. The hand layup method is used to fabricate nanocomposites with varying palm fiber content (1–5 wt.%) with mesh size (75–225 µm) and nanofiller. The prepared nanocomposite samples are measured for thermal conductivity. SEM analysis manifests that alkali treatment increases the surface morphology of fiber as cleansed from impurities, which in turn increases bonding with the epoxy matrix at the interface. RSM was used to optimize these parameters, specifically the Box-Behnken Design (BBD) of RSM, with ANOVA analysis using Design-Expert 13 software to generate a strong regression model. The results demonstrate a maximum thermal conductivity of 1.54 W/m·K with 1 wt.% of palm fiber, 75 µm mesh size and 1% h-BN. This research emphasizes the promise of epoxy composites based on palm fibers for applications in thermal management in areas such as electronic devices, and circuit boards while contributing to the development of novel and efficient material solutions.