Browse Articles
Discover research articles across all indexed journals
Alternative splicing dynamics during gastrulation in mouse embryo
Prevalence, Risk Factors, and Clinical Outcomes of Hypervirulent Klebsiella pneumoniae Strains among Klebsiella pneumoniae Infections: A Systematic Review and Meta-analysis
Computation of mixed resolvability for a circular ladder and its unbounded nature
Let Γ = Γ(V ,E) be a simple, planar, connected, and undirected graph. The article primarily concentrates on a category of planar graphs, detailing the explicit identification of each member within this graph family. Within the domain of graph theory, the parameters used to uniquely identify vertices and edges of a graph are commonly referred to as variants of metric dimension, collectively known as resolvability parameters. The present study focuses on the intricate planar structure of a five-sided circular ladder (pentagonal); denoted by Ph5, and investigate some of the recently introduced resolvability parameters for it, which are mixed metric basis and mixed metric dimension. We prove that the mixed metric dimension for Ph5 is unbounded, and it depends upon the number of vertices present in it. The comparison between several resolvability parameters, viz., metric dimension and edge metric dimension, for Ph5 with mixed metric dimension have also been incorporated in this manuscript, indicating higher level of complexity for resolving both edge and vertex-based relationships. Moreover, several theoretical as well as application based properties, including examples, have also been discussed for Ph5.
A quantum random access memory (QRAM) using a polynomial encoding of binary strings
The Novel “RISC” Score as a Risk-prediction Model of Carbapenem-resistant Hospital-acquired Infections in Adult Sepsis Patients – A Prospective Observational Study
Infection model of THP-1 cells, growth dynamics, and antimicrobial susceptibility of clinical Mycobacterium abscessus isolates from cystic fibrosis patients: Results from a multicentre study
Mycobacterium abscessus (MABS) is an emerging pathogen causing severe infections, particularly in cystic fibrosis (CF) patients. A prospective multicentre study included CF patients from four hospitals in Madrid between January 2022 and January 2024. Respiratory samples were collected, and MABS isolates were analysed to determine their antibiotic resistance profiles, growth dynamics, infection kinetics, intracellular behaviour, and pathogenicity. Intracellular bacterial growth and macrophage viability were evaluated through THP-1 cell infection experiments, with and without amikacin. Phenotypic susceptibility testing and genotypic susceptibility testing were also conducted. Among 148 patients, 28 MABS isolates were detected from 16 patients (10.8%), and the first isolate from each patient was analysed. Isolation was more prevalent in younger individuals (median age 24.4 vs. 28.4 years, p = 0.049), and most isolates (81.25%) were identified as M. abscessus subsp. abscessus (MABSa). MABS isolates exhibited high resistance rates (>85%) to doxycycline, tobramycin, ciprofloxacin, moxifloxacin (75%) and cotrimoxazole (56.3%). Amikacin resistance (18.8%) was higher than expected, and inducible (10/16 isolates) or acquired (1/16 isolate) macrolide resistance was found in 68.8% of strains. Phenotypic and genotypic testing results were fully concordant. Tigecycline demonstrated strong in vitro activity, and resistance to imipenem, linezolid, and cefoxitin remained low. Rough strains displayed lower optical density values in later growth stages, probably due to their increased aggregation. In THP-1 cell infection experiments, rough strains showed higher intracellular bacterial loads with statistically significant differences observed at 2 hours (both with and without amikacin) and at 72 hours (with amikacin) post infection. Notably, rough strains also exhibited a higher internalisation index and greater impact on THP-1 cell viability, especially in the absence of amikacin.
Shape optimization of geometrically nonlinear modal coupling coefficients: an application to MEMS gyroscopes
Abstract Micro- and nanoelectromechanical system (MEMS and NEMS) resonators can exhibit rich nonlinear dynamics as they are often operated at large amplitudes with high quality factors and possess a high mode density with a variety of nonlinear modal couplings. Their impact is strongly influenced by internal resonance conditions and by the strength of the modal coupling coefficients. On one hand, strong nonlinear couplings are of academic interest and promise novel device concepts. On the other hand, however, they have the potential to disturb the linear system behavior on which industrial devices such as gyroscopes and micro mirrors are based. In either case, being able to optimize the coupling coefficients by design is certainly beneficial. A main source of nonlinear modal couplings are geometric nonlinearities. In this work, we apply node-based shape optimization to tune the geometrically nonlinear 3-wave coupling coefficients of a MEMS gyroscope. We demonstrate that individual coupling coefficients can be tuned over several orders of magnitude by shape optimization, while satisfying typical constraints on manufacturability and operability of the devices. The optimized designs contain unintuitive geometrical features far away from any solution an experienced human MEMS or NEMS designer could have thought of. Thus, this work demonstrates the power of shape optimization for tailoring the complex nonlinear dynamic properties of MEMS and NEMS resonators.
Incidence, Risk Factors, Microbiology and Outcomes of VAP at an NCU in India: A Prospective Observational Study
Comprehensive assessment of the physical and health features of the threatened Araguaian River dolphin Inia araguaiaensis
The Araguaia River dolphin is endemic to the Tocantins-Araguaia River Basin and is under severe anthropogenic threats. Given the species’ vulnerability and historical neglect, preliminary data on its health and physical parameters are presented, along with an evaluation of potential differences between individuals from areas with varying human activity. A comparison of these data with its closely related species, the Amazon River dolphin I. geoffrensis, was also aimed. Twenty-four dolphins were captured and released in Cantão State Park (protected area, n = 10), Tocantins state; and Luiz Alves (exposed to fishing activities, n = 14), Goiás state. Preliminary data indicates no significant differences in the body morphology and physical parameters between individuals from the two areas. Araguaia River dolphins tended to show larger grey areas in their bodies than their counterparts, Amazon river dolphins. Cardiac rate, respiratory frequency, and oral temperature did not vary between individuals from different areas, sex, or age classes. Hematological and serum chemistry variables differences were observed among age classes, mainly related to body and immune system development. Dolphins from Cantão had higher AST and urea/creatinine and lower GGT, total bilirubin, and creatinine than dolphins from Luiz Alves. Such variations may reflect different prey types, intensities of muscle extenuation during capture, or subclinical diseases. Most hematological parameters for the Araguaia River dolphin were outside the reference intervals described for the Amazon river dolphin but inside its minimum and maximum ranges. Conversely, the serum chemistry values from both species overlap with the reference values. The highest serum testosterone was detected in adult males and the highest serum progesterone and estradiol in adult females. Correlations between reproductive hormones and body measurements demonstrated preliminary hormonal variation according to the body’s development as the individuals reach sexual maturity. Understanding the current physical and health status of individuals from areas with different human activity intensities is crucial to drive management efforts toward species conservation.
The association between ten anthropometric measures and osteoporosis and osteopenia among postmenopausal women
Validity of Blood Urea Nitrogen to Serum Albumin Ratio as an Independent Biomarker to Predict Severity and Mortality of Community-acquired Pneumonia
Two methods, two views: Integrating phytoliths in thin sections and bulk samples on the urban Dark Earths from the DIVA-site (Antwerp, Belgium)
Traditionally, phytolith analyses are carried out by extraction from bulk (sediment) samples. This technique provides valuable information, not only on the morphological and/or taxonomic assignment of phytoliths, but also on their concentration (quantitative analysis). However, extraction leads to the loss of the (micro-)context in which they are embedded. Over the past 20 years, the study of phytoliths in soil thin sections has proven to be a consistent method. As phytoliths are neither removed from their sedimentary matrix nor artificially concentrated, their analysis provides information on their taphonomical history, but their morphological identification is sometimes limited. Therefore, it seems obvious that the next step to improve phytolith analysis is to combine the two approaches. The aim of this paper is to explore the potential of this integration. For this purpose, we focus on the urban Dark Earth of the DIVA-site (Antwerp, Belgium), with a chronology between the end of the Gallo-Roman Empire and the 11th century AD. Three different stratigraphic units, micromorphologically recognized within the Dark Earth, have been studied. They correspond to an agricultural field, unconsolidated walking surfaces and a floor. Our results confirm the added value of combining the two methods. The possibility of observing the phytoliths in their (micro-)context allowed us to characterize each stratigraphic unit with a particular phytolith assemblage. At the same time, the information derived from the bulk samples overcomes the difficulties in the morphological identification of phytoliths in soil thin sections.
Predictive and clinicopathological importance of HMGB2 in various carcinomas: a meta and bioinformatic approach
Planning for a Dignified Death with a Living Will
Curcumin induces mitochondrial dysfunction-associated oxidative DNA damage in ovarian cancer cells
Resistance to chemotherapeutic agents is a critical challenge for the clinical management of ovarian cancer. While curcumin has been reported to possess anti-cancer properties, how it exerts its anti-neoplastic effect on ovarian cancer cells remains to be explored. We here characterized the fate of human ovarian cancer cell lines HO8910 and OVCAR3 treated with curcumin. Cell proliferation, cell death, mitochondrial function, oxidative damage and tumor formation in nude mice were examined. Significant inhibition of proliferation and induction of apoptosis were observed in ovarian cells treated with curcumin. The cancer cells exhibit cell cycle arrest at G2/M phase, mitochondrial accumulation, mitochondrial oxidative stress and high level of DNA damage after curcumin treatment. This effect of curcumin is independent of the BRCA mutation status. Curcumin-induced proliferation inhibition and apoptosis were effectively attenuated by the application of antioxidant N-acetylcysteine (NAC), suggesting that curcumin exerts its anti-cancer effect by inflicting oxidative stress. Curcumin applied at 200 mg/kg intraperitoneal infusion daily also inhibited the growth, oxidative damage, and mitochondrial accumulation of tumor xenografts in vivo. Together, the results indicate that curcumin can exert its anti-tumor effect via inducing mitochondrial dysfunction-associated oxidative DNA damage and can be potentially used in combination with other DNA repair-interfering therapeutics, such as PARP inhibitor, in the treatment of ovarian cancer.
Back analysis of mechanical parameters based on GPSO-BP neural network and its application
Correlation of Ultrasound Examination with FOB for Airway Assessment in Burn Patients with Inhalational Injury: A Prospective Observational Study
Material philology and Syriac excerpting practices: A computational-quantitative study of the digitized catalog of the Syriac manuscripts in the British Library
This study explores the literary practice of excerpting in Syriac manuscripts through a computational-quantitative analysis, contributing to the emerging field of Syriac material philology. The primary objective is to offer a “big picture” charting of Syriac excerpting as a non-authorial literary practice. Using digitized data from the British Library’s Syriac manuscript collection, the study analyzes nearly 20,000 excerpts, introducing the Excerpts Per Manuscript (EPM) metric to quantify and compare excerpting practices across manuscripts. The results reveal that most manuscripts contain fewer than 20 excerpts, but a small number show much higher levels of excerpting, highlighting the immense intellectual and literary activities implicated in their production. These high-EPM manuscripts appear across multiple genres, indicating that excerpting was a widespread and essential cultural activity rather than confined to specific literary types. The study also finds that manuscripts with the highest EPM values are concentrated between the 6th and 9th centuries CE, corresponding with a period of intense literary compilation in late antiquity. This pattern reflects the importance of excerpting in knowledge organization, aligning with broader trends in the canonization of texts within Christian, Jewish, and Greco-Roman traditions. The research emphasizes the limitations of earlier cataloging approaches, which obscure non-authorial practices by focusing on authors and texts. By reorienting data through computational analysis, the study provides new insights into the role of excerpting in Syriac manuscript culture. This approach demonstrates the value of digital tools in material philology, uncovering patterns that bridge genres and timeframes, and identifying high-EPM manuscripts as key sites of intellectual and cultural activity in the Syriac literary tradition.