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Explainable machine learning model based on EEG, ECG, and clinical features for predicting neurological outcomes in cardiac arrest patient
Robust super-structured porous hydrogel enables bioadaptive repair of dynamic soft tissue
Counterclockwise block-by-block knowledge distillation for neural network compression
Abstract Model compression is a technique for transforming large neural network models into smaller ones. Knowledge distillation (KD) is a crucial model compression technique that involves transferring knowledge from a large teacher model to a lightweight student model. Existing knowledge distillation methods typically facilitate the knowledge transfer from teacher to student models in one or two stages. This paper introduces a novel approach called counterclockwise block-wise knowledge distillation (CBKD) to optimize the knowledge distillation process. The core idea of CBKD aims to mitigate the generation gap between teacher and student models, facilitating the transmission of intermediate-layer knowledge from the teacher model. It divides both teacher and student models into multiple sub-network blocks, and in each stage of knowledge distillation, only the knowledge from one teacher sub-block is transferred to the corresponding position of a student sub-block. Additionally, in the CBKD process, deeper teacher sub-network blocks are assigned higher compression rates. Extensive experiments on tiny-imagenet-200 and CIFAR-10 demonstrate that the proposed CBKD method can enhance the distillation performance of various mainstream knowledge distillation approaches.
Paralysed man stands again after receiving ‘reprogrammed’ stem cells
Muscle fiber Myc is dispensable for muscle growth and its forced expression severely perturbs homeostasis
Abstract The oncogenic transcription factor Myc stimulates many growth processes including cell cycle progression and ribosome biogenesis. Myc expression is low in adult skeletal muscle, but is upregulated upon growth stimuli. Furthermore, muscle fiber Myc overexpression recapitulates many aspects of growth-related gene expression, leading to the hypothesis that Myc mediates pro-growth responses to anabolic stimuli, such as exercise. Here, we test this hypothesis by examining mouse models in which Myc is specifically eliminated or overexpressed in skeletal muscle fibers or muscle stem cells (MuSC). While muscle fiber Myc expression increased during muscle growth and Myc expression in MuSCs was required for successful muscle regeneration, muscle fiber Myc expression was dispensable for post-natal, mechanical overload or PKBα/Akt1-induced muscle growth in mice. Similarly, constitutive Myc expression did not promote skeletal muscle hypertrophy, but instead impaired muscle fiber structure and function within days. These data question the role of Myc in skeletal muscle growth.
Vibration study of dielectric elastomer conical structure based on fractional viscoelasticity
Epigenetic mechanisms controlling human leukemia stem cells and therapy resistance
Author Correction: Comparison of arterial spin labeled MRI (ASL MRI) between ADHD and control group (ages of 6–12)
Does sharing first authorship on a paper carry a penalty? What the research says
Editorial Expression of Concern: Ballistic superconductivity in semiconductor nanowires
A mathematical framework of HIV and TB co-infection dynamics
Younger Dryas drought and IPO climate modulation during the Antarctic Cold Reversal in New Zealand
Linking sequence restoration capability of shuffled coronary angiography to coronary artery disease diagnosis
Comparative single-nucleus RNA-seq analysis revealed localized and cell type-specific pathways governing root-microbiome interactions
Abstract Roots can recognize and differentially respond to beneficial and pathogenic microbes, which are fundamental for maintaining root microbiome homeostasis, plasticity, and plant fitness. Meanwhile, roots are highly heterogeneous tissues with complex cell-type compositions and spatially distinct developmental stages. We found that beneficial microbe specifically induces the expression of translation-related genes in the proximal meristem cells, and diverse ribosome proteins and translation regulators are necessary for beneficial microbe-mediated growth promotion. Notably, the root maturation zone can still mount localized immune responses to root pathogens, including genes related to camalexin and triterpene biosynthesis. A triterpene biosynthesis mutant blocked the microbiome reshaping process upon GMI1000 infection. Our results indicate roots may have specialized immune responses in the maturation zone, and provide important insights and vital resources for further elucidating regulators of root-microbe interactions and microbiome reshaping.
The interaction between ΔNp63α and TAp63α, mediated by miR-205-5p, inhibits the migration of lung adenocarcinoma cells
Abstract Lung cancer is a highly lethal disease worldwide, resulting from a combination of genetic, epigenetic, and environmental factors. The amplification of specific chromosomal regions is a hallmark of cancer progression; for instance, the 3q region of chromosome 3 is notably amplified in lung cancer, contributing to early tumor development. TP63, a member of the p53 family, is located in the 3q region. The presence of two distinct sets of TP63 isoforms (ΔNp63 and TAp63) complicates its functional role. Furthermore, miR-205-5p, a crucial player in cancer progression, has a predicted target site in the 5’-untranslated region (5’-UTR) of TAp63 transcripts. To investigate a potential correlation between miR-205-5p and the ΔNp63 and TAp63 isoforms, we conducted an in silico study followed by experimental validations on clinical tissue samples. We found a significant positive correlation between the expression of miR-205-5p and both isoforms of TP63 in lung adenocarcinoma (LUAD) datasets. The correlation between ΔNp63 and miR-205-5p was further confirmed in tissue samples from LUAD patients. Subsequently, we overexpressed ΔNp63α in lung adenocarcinoma cell lines and observed an upregulation of miR-205-5p, TAp63α, and DICER in the A549 cell line. Overexpression of ΔNp63α also inhibited the migration of A549 cells by reducing epithelial-mesenchymal transition (EMT) markers and increasing mesenchymal-epithelial transition (MET) markers. We conducted a luciferase assay to investigate the direct interaction between miR-205-5p and the 5’-UTR of TAp63 and observed a positive association. Overexpression of miR-205-5p in the A549 cell line led to the upregulation of TAp63α and DICER. Additionally, we found a reduction in migration following miR-205-5p transfection. Based on these results, it appears that there is a ΔNp63α/miR-205-5p/TAp63α/DICER axis involved in the regulation of migration in lung adenocarcinoma, which is cell-specific.
Designer cannabinoids could be the key to pain relief without adverse effects
Emergence of an oceanic CO2 uptake hole under global warming
Evolution of airblast induced by roof collapse based on LBM-DEM
Abstract Airblast is a common safety hazard in block caving. It occurs when the roof of a goaf collapses suddenly over a large area, causing rapid compression and release of air, resulting in high-speed airflow that can cause injury and equipment damage. To effectively assess and prevent airblast hazards, it is necessary to study the catastrophic behavior of airblast parameters. The air gap, caving scale, and muckpile height are airblast key parameters. This research employs the LBM-DEM (Coupled Lattice Boltzmann Method and Discrete Element Method) to model the airblast formation process. Combined simulation experiments were conducted to examine the effects of air gap, muckpile height, and caving scale, with sensitivity analysis performed to determine airblast response. We propose a multivariate regression model that, using three arguments, expresses the maximum airblast velocity at the drawpoints. Results show that maximum air velocity during roof collapse is positively correlated with air gap and caving scale, and negatively correlated with muckpile height. At a caving scale of 103 m3, the air gap is the most critical parameter affecting maximum air velocity. Moreover, the interactions among these parameters exhibit distinct coupling characteristics. The findings provide a theoretical basis and reference for assessing and preventing airblast hazards.