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The health and wellbeing of undergraduate students in Indonesia: descriptive results of a survey in three public universities
Flexibility-tuning of dual-display DNA-encoded chemical libraries facilitates cyclic peptide ligand discovery
Abstract Cyclic peptides constitute an important drug modality since they offer significant advantages over small molecules and macromolecules. However, access to diverse chemical sets of cyclic peptides is difficult on a large library scale. DNA-encoded Chemical Libraries (DELs) provide a suitable tool to obtain large chemical diversity, but cyclic DELs made by standard DEL implementation cannot efficiently explore their conformational diversity. On the other hand, dual-display Encoded Self-Assembling Chemical (ESAC) Libraries can be used for modulating macrocycle flexibility since the two displayed peptides can be connected in an incremental fashion. In this work, we construct a 56 million dual-display ESAC library using a two-step cyclization strategy. We show that varying the level of conformational restraint is essential for the discovery of specific ligands for the three protein targets thrombin, human alkaline phosphatase and streptavidin.
Anatomical study of ultrasound vs landmark guidance for needle placement in the obliquus capitis inferior
Colonic epithelial-derived FGF1 drives intestinal stem cell commitment toward goblet cells to suppress inflammatory bowel disease
Compact modulators on silicon nitride waveguide platform via micro-transfer printing of thin-film lithium niobate
Abstract We explore the use of micro-transfer printing (µTP) technology to integrate thin lithium niobate (LN) films onto silicon nitride (SiN) waveguides, facilitating the development of compact electro-optical modulators. Three modulator architectures are investigated: Mach-Zehnder interferometer (MZI), Fabry-Perot (FP) resonator, and side-coupled FP resonators. By acting as a photonic molecule, the proposed coupled FP resonators enable improved spectral engineering with new functionalities while maximizing the transmission and quality-factor (Q-factor) of the resonances. Design, simulations, fabrication method, and experimental results are presented, demonstrating the potential of µTP in advancing electro-optical modulators. The half-wave voltage-length product (V π L) of the fabricated devices decreases as the Q-factor increases achieving V π L = 10.5, 4.3, and 2.74 V.cm for MZI, FP, and photonic molecule modulators, respectively.
Phase glides and self-organization of atomically abrupt interfaces out of stochastic disorder in α-Ga2O3
Abstract Disorder-induced ordering and remarkably high radiation tolerance in γ-phase of gallium oxide is a recent spectacular discovery at the intersection of the fundamental physics and electronic applications. Importantly, by far, these data were collected with initial samples in form of the thermodynamically stable β-phase of this material. Here, we investigate these phenomena starting from metastable α-phase and explain radically new trend occurring in the system. We argue that in contrast to that in β-to-γ disorder-induced transitions, the O sublattice in α-phase exhibits hexagonal close-packed structure, so that to activate α-to-γ transformation significant structural rearrangements are required in both Ga and O sublattices. Moreover, consistent with theoretical predictions, α-to-γ phase transformation requires accumulation of the substantial tensile strain to initiate otherwise impossible lattice glides. Thus, we explain the experimentally observed trends in term of the combination of disorder and strain governed process. Finally, we demonstrate atomically abrupt α/γ interfaces paradoxically self-organized out of the stochastic disorder.
Agricultural activities increased soil organic carbon in Shiyang River Basin, a typical inland river basin in China
Predeposited lead nucleation sites enable a highly reversible zinc electrode for stable zinc-bromine flow batteries
Impact of lanthanum doping on crystal structure and magnetic anisotropy of Mn-Zn soft nanoferrites
Sperm derived H2AK119ub1 is required for embryonic development in Xenopus laevis
Bifurcation, chaos, modulation instability, and soliton analysis of the schrödinger equation with cubic nonlinearity
The role of pyruvate dehydrogenase in the lifespan determination of daphnids
Inflammatory signaling pathways play a role in SYK inhibitor resistant AML
Abstract Trials have shown promising clinical activity of the selective SYK inhibitor entospletinib in patients with high expressing HOXA9/MEIS1 acute leukemias. As the development of resistance mechanisms is a common problem in the use of targeted drugs, we performed a chemical library screen to identify drug sensitivities in SYK inhibitor resistant AML cells. We identified that SYK inhibitor resistant cells displayed an increased sensitivity to glucocorticoids. Glucocorticoids are potent immunosuppressants which work in part by inhibiting the transcription of cytokine genes. RNA sequencing of entospletinib resistant cells revealed a strong enrichment of inflammatory response and TNFα signaling via NF-κB gene sets in comparison to naive cells. Naive AML cells treated with entospletinib showed a strong downregulation of the same gene sets which were upregulated in the resistant state. Our data suggest that inflammatory signaling pathways play a role in entospletinib resistant AML cells.
Determinant factors of prolonged hospitalization in acute heart failure patients at Jimma Medical Center, Southwest Ethiopia
The difference in clinical features of acute acquired concomitant esotropia between adolescents and adults: a prospective observational cohort study
Nanoparticles of banana peels as a potential source of bioactive compounds and their activities on HepG2
Abstract Nanoparticles of blanched green banana peels (BGBP) were prepared using physical technique (by grinding) in order to avoid any harm effect on human health that could occurred when metals were used for preparing nanoparticles size (NPs) of banana peels. This work was designed to study the preparation of nano scale (70–135 nm for TEM) (243.4–933.9 nm for SEM) and normal size (0.12–0.25 µm for TEM) (1.150 µm for SEM) from BGBP after milling and evaluate the activities of their extracts as antioxidant, antimicrobial and anticancer agents. The size and shape of nanoparticles were analyzed using Scanning Electron Microscope (SEM) and it cleared the appearance of particle aggregation was attributed to mechanical pressure and friction resulting from the interaction between the abrasive balls and the pulverizing vessel’s inner surface. Also, Transmission Electron Microscope (TEM) shows presence of different spherical shapes ranging between 70 and 135 nm, along with the emergence of slender fibrillary shapes., on the other hand, Fourier transform IR (FT-IR) cleared that the higher extraction yields of phenolic compounds and greater antioxidant activities were achieved due to the increased surface area of nano-scale samples following milling. In addition, X-ray diffraction (XRD) determined the materials crystalline structure. Bioactive compounds (mainly phenolic compounds) were recovered by extracting banana peels weather from normal size or (NPs). The extracted bioactive compounds were subjected to evolution as antioxidant, antimicrobial and anticancer agents. Dealing with this study, it was concluded that bioactive compounds extracted from NPS of BGBP showed antioxidant, antimicrobial and anticancer activities higher than those extracted from the normal size ones. So, it is strongly recommended to use NPs of BGBP for producing these bioactive compounds since these compounds are important to protect humans against a lot of dangerous diseases. Finally, the potential applications of these compounds in the pharmaceutical or food industries would be beneficial.