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Study on anti-collapse performance of CFST structures under collision load in different cases
In view of the continuous collapse resistance of the remaining structure under impact column and side columns under vehicle loads, the composite plane frame of concrete filled steel tubes (CFST) was established by using the finite element software ABAQUS, and the orthogonal experimental design and analysis were carried out. Through numerical analysis, the whole process of continuous collapse of the structure caused by low-speed impact is simulated. The research results show that: in the collapse mechanism of the two working conditions, the deformation modes of the impact column and the remaining frame show two modes. According to the fact that the axial force of the adjacent bottom column of the non-impact column increases greatly at first and then tends to be stable after being impacted, the axial force of the non-adjacent bottom column fluctuates up and down around the impact front axle force. Comparing the two working conditions with the direct simulation method (DS) and the alternate path method (AP), the reliability of AP method in evaluating the internal force of the remaining structure under impact load is insufficient, and it is unsafe to judge the collapse degree of the structure. According to the result of range analysis, it can be seen that the velocity is the most important factor to cause the dynamic effect of the remaining structure in the two cases. This study deeply analyzes the influence of the structural damage caused by the low-speed impact of accidents on the continuous collapse of the remaining structures, which has very important theoretical and practical significance for improving the anti-continuous collapse ability of buildings.
Effects of music advertised to support focus on mood and processing speed
While music’s effects on emotion are widely appreciated, its effects on cognition are less understood. As mobile devices continue to afford new opportunities to engage with music during work, it is important to understand associated effects on how we feel and perform. Capitalizing on potential benefits, many commercial music platforms advertise content specifically to support attentional focus and concentration. Although already in wide-spread use, the effects of such content remain largely untested. In this online behavioral study, we tested the effects of music advertised to support “work flow” and “deep focus” on mood and performance during a cognitively demanding psychological test (the flanker task). We additionally included a sample of popular hit music representing mainstream musical stimulation and a sample of office noise representing typical background stimulation in a social working environment. Our findings show that, despite similar marketing, only the work flow music gave rise to significant and positively correlated improvements in mood and performance (i.e., faster responses over time, with similar accuracy). Analyses of objective and perceived musical features indicate consistency with the “arousal-mood theory” of music’s cognitive impact and provide new insights into how music can be structured to regulate mood and cognition in the general population.
Future pharmacy practitioners’ insights towards integration of artificial intelligence in healthcare education: Preliminary findings from Karachi, Pakistan
In an evolutionary era of medical education, “Artificial intelligence” (AI) is applied to replicate human intellect, encompassing abilities, logical reasoning and effective problem-solving skills. Previous research has explored the attitude of medical and dental students, toward the assimilation of AI in medicine; however, a significant gap exists in appraising the understanding and concerns of pharmacy students. Therefore, the current study was designed to explore undergraduate pharmacy students’ perceptions of integrating AI into education and practice. Methods: A cross-sectional study was conducted among final-year pharmacy students from different public and private sector universities in Karachi. The sample size on 60% anticipated response rate and 99% CI was calculated to be 390. Data was collected after acquiring ethical approval using convenient sampling. Frequency and percentage of the socio-demographic features were analyzed and then goodness of fit and Pearson’s chi-squared test of correlation was applied. Results were considered significant when p < 0.05. Results: The overall response rate of the study was 67%. More than 80% of the respondents were female. The students 35% (n = 202) strongly agreed and 59% (n = 334) agreed that AI plays an important role in healthcare, (χ2 = 505.6, p < 0.001). Around 79% (n = 453, χ2 = 384.3, p < 0.001) of students agreed on the replacement of patient care specialties with AI in the future, whereas 495 students (87%, χ2 = 682.3, p < 0.001) stated that they possess a strong comprehension of the fundamental principles governing the operation of AI. More than 80% of the students were comfortable in using AI terminologies (n = 475, χ2 = 598, p < 0.001) and 93% (n = 529, χ2 = 290, p < 0.001) were sure that AI inclusion in pharmacy education will develop a positive influence into the pharmacy curriculum (95%, n = 549, χ2 = 566.9, p < 0.001). A high and positive correlation was observed between the perception and willingness of students to adopt the AI changes in teaching undergraduate students (ρ = 0.491, p < 0.001). Furthermore, the outcomes showed students at private-sector universities stood out in computer literacy compared to public-sector universities (χ2 = 6.546, p < 0.05). Conclusion: The current outcomes revealed the higher willingness of pharmacy students towards AI-infused learning. They understood the prerequisite of having both formal and informal learning experiences on the clinical application, technological constraints, and ethical considerations of the AI tools to be successful in this endeavor. The policymakers must take action to ensure that future pharmacists have a strong foundation of AI literacy and take initiatives to foster the interests and abilities of imminent pharmacists who will spearhead innovation in the field.
Adaptive robust position control scheme for an electromagnetic levitation system with experimental verification
Electromagnetic levitation technology has several advantages, such as no friction, safety, and reliability. Electromagnetic levitation control, as the core of electromagnetic levitation technology, has attracted people’s attention. The use of other traditional control algorithms frequently results in a decline in the system’s anti-disturbance and tracking performance due to the highly nonlinear, stochastic uncertainty, and time delay characteristics of electromagnetic levitation systems. This work takes the single point electromagnetic levitation ball system as the research object to address the above-mentioned issues. A control method combining an improved whale optimization algorithm with robust sliding mode control and adaptive linear active disturbance rejection (IWOA-SMC-ALADRC) is proposed to achieve stable control of a single point electromagnetic levitation ball. Firstly, a nonlinear model of the electromagnetic levitation ball system was established; Secondly, robust sliding mode control is combined with linear active disturbance rejection control, and an adaptive parameter tuning strategy is introduced for the PD module in LADRC; Meanwhile, an improved whale optimization algorithm was proposed to address the issue of excessive adjustable parameters in the controller; In addition, the stability and convergence of the control algorithm were proven using the Lyapunov equation; Finally, in order to verify the effectiveness of the control method, PID, LADRC, CS-LADRC, and I-LADRC were introduced for simulation analysis and experimental verification. The results indicate that IWOA-SMC-ALADRC has better anti-disturbance and tracking performance.
Correction: A new record of the occurrence of Trichuris skrjabini Baskakov, 1924 in goats of Pakistan
Predictors of survival in pediatric intensive care unit in a low-income country: A retrospective cohort study
Background The goal of a pediatric intensive care unit is to treat life-threatening illnesses. Yet, there is a lack of data on survival rates and factors influencing survival in pediatric intensive care units (PICUs) in low-income countries like Ethiopia. Objective The purpose of this study was to evaluate survival and its predictors in the pediatric intensive care unit of Ayder Comprehensive Specialized Hospital, Tigray, Ethiopia. Method A retrospective cohort study was implemented on a total of 223 patients admitted to the PICU from September 2019 to August 2020. Using a checklist, trained healthcare workers gathered secondary data from patient charts. The dependent variable was time-to-death. EpiData 4.6 and STATA 16 were used for data entry and data analysis, respectively. Descriptive statistics, cumulative incidence, incidence density, median survival time, and adjusted hazard ratio were calculated to describe variables, estimate mortality rate and risk, and identify factors associated with survival. P<0.05 was used to declare a statistically significant relationship. Result A total of 46 (20.6%) deaths were recorded in this study. The cumulative incidence of death was higher in patients transferred from the ward to the intensive care unit (34.7%). The death rate was higher in patients with cardiac problems (40.0%), followed by oncological diseases (35.0%) and infectious diseases (27.9%). The adjusted risk of death was 3.3 times higher in pediatric patients with heart problems than in patients without heart problems. Again, the adjusted risk of death in children with a Glasgow Coma Scale (GCS) of 9 to 14 and a GCS below 9 was 2.2 and 2.5 times higher, respectively, than in children with a GCS of 15. Finally, children with endotracheal tubes were about five times more likely to die than children without endotracheal tubes. Conclusion It’s critical to diagnose and treat cardiac issues in pediatric patients as early as possible. Patients with low GCS scores require careful observation. Alternative strategies should be taken into consideration in order to lessen the need for endotracheal tubes and enhance results.
Can psychedelic use benefit meditation practice? Examining individual, psychedelic, and meditation-related factors
Introduction Meditation practice and psychedelic use have attracted increasing attention in the public sphere and scientific research. Both methods induce non-ordinary states of consciousness that may have significant therapeutic benefits. Thus, there is growing scientific interest in potential synergies between psychedelic use and meditation practice with some research suggesting that psychedelics may benefit meditation practice. The present study examined individual, psychedelic-related, and meditation-related factors to determine under what conditions meditators perceive psychedelic use as beneficial for their meditation practice. Method Participants ( N = 863) who had reported psychedelic use and a regular meditation practice (at least 3 times per week during the last 12 months) were included in the study. To accommodate a large number of variables, machine learning (i.e., elastic net, random forest) was used to analyze the data. Results Most participants ( n = 634, 73.5%) found psychedelic use to have a positive influence on their quality of meditation. Twenty-eight variables showed significant zero-order associations with perceived benefits even following a correction. Elastic net had the best performance (R 2 = .266) and was used to identify the most important features. Across 53 variables, the model found that greater use of psychedelics, intention setting during psychedelic use, agreeableness, and exposure to N,N-Dimethyltryptamine (N,N-DMT) were most likely to be associated with the perception that psychedelics benefit meditation practice. The results were consistent across several different approaches used to identify the most important variables (i.e., Shapley values, feature ablation). Discussion Results suggest that most meditators found psychedelic use to have a positive influence on their meditation practice, with: 1) regularity of psychedelic use, 2) the setting of intentions for psychedelic use, 3) having an agreeable personality, and 4) reported use of N,N-DMT being the most likely predictors of perceiving psychedelic use as beneficial. Longitudinal designs and randomized trials manipulating psychedelic use are needed to establish causality.
Construction of a nomogram to predict urethral stricture after transurethral resection of the prostate: A retrospective cohort study
Background To investigate the risk factors for urethral stricture (US) in patients with benign prostatic hyperplasia (BPH) after transurethral resection of the prostate (TURP) and to construct a nomogram model with predictive features. Methods Clinical data of 400 patients with BPH who underwent TURP between June 2020 and June 2023 at Chengdu University Hospital were retrospectively collected. The data were divided into US group and no US group. Univariate and multivariate logistic regression analyses were performed sequentially to identify independent risk factors associated with US. Based on the results of the multivariate analysis, a nomogram model predicting the risk of US was constructed. We assessed the discriminatory power and calibration of the models using the C index, ROC curves, and calibration plots. In addition, we performed a decision curve analysis to validate the clinical utility of the model. Results Data from a total of 400 patients were included in this study, and 35 (8.75%) were diagnosed with US. The results of univariate and multivariate analyses indicated that the following five factors age, prostate size, Preoperative indwelling catheter, Preoperative urethral dilation, Postoperative indwelling catheter time were independent influences on the risk of US. Nomogram model of US was constructed using these independent influences. The area under the curve (AUC) of the subject’s operating characteristic was 0.916 (95% CI: 0.868–0.959), and after internal validation, the corrected C-index remained at 0.916. This further validates the accuracy and reliability of the predictive model. Calibration plots and decision curve analyses demonstrated the good clinical value of the column-line diagram model. Conclusions The nomogram model we constructed can have some guidance in clinical work.
Diversified legume-oilseed cropping system for synergistic enhancement of yield and water use efficiency in rainfed areas of semi-arid tropics
This study explores the development of diversified legume-oilseed cropping systems aimed at enhancing yield and water-use efficiency in rainfed areas of semi-arid tropics. Dryland agriculture, often limited by mono-cropping practices and erratic rainfall, necessitates innovative approaches for crop intensification and sustainability for the future. The integration of legumes and oilseeds into double cropping systems offers a viable solution for optimizing land use and improving productivity under precipitation-limited conditions. The research was conducted at the Gungal Research Farm of ICAR-Central Research Institute for Dryland Agriculture during the 2022-2024 cropping seasons. Six cropping systems, with and without rainwater management, were evaluated. Key findings indicate that rainwater management especially during the flowering and pod filling stage significantly enhanced crop growth, biomass accumulation, and overall yield, with safflower and sesame showing the highest adaptability to moisture stress. In terms of green gram equivalent yield, cowpea-sesame system with rainwater management achieved the highest yields, recording 1655 kg ha-1 in 2022 and 1362 kg ha-1 in 2023, highlighting the critical role of rainwater management in enhancing crop productivity in semi-arid regions. The study identified a diversified legume-oilseed cropping system as a means to achieve sustainable agricultural production in semi-arid regions.
A novel deep learning-based framework with particle swarm optimisation for intrusion detection in computer networks
Intrusion detection plays a significant role in the provision of information security. The most critical element is the ability to precisely identify different types of intrusions into the network. However, the detection of intrusions poses a important challenge, as many new types of intrusion are now generated by cyber-attackers every day. A robust system is still elusive, despite the various strategies that have been proposed in recent years. Hence, a novel deep-learning-based architecture for detecting intrusions into a computer network is proposed in this paper. The aim is to construct a hybrid system that enhances the efficiency and accuracy of intrusion detection. The main contribution of our work is a novel deep learning-based hybrid architecture in which PSO is used for hyperparameter optimisation and three well-known pre-trained network models are combined in an optimised way. The suggested method involves six key stages: data gathering, pre-processing, deep neural network (DNN) architecture design, optimisation of hyperparameters, training, and evaluation of the trained DNN. To verify the superiority of the suggested method over alternative state-of-the-art schemes, it was evaluated on the KDDCUP’99, NSL-KDD and UNSW-NB15 datasets. Our empirical findings show that the proposed model successfully and correctly classifies different types of attacks with 82.44%, 90.42% and 93.55% accuracy values obtained on UNSW-B15, NSL-KDD and KDDCUP’99 datasets, respectively, and outperforms alternative schemes in the literature.
The dynamic impact of investor climate sentiment on the crude oil futures market: Evidence from the Chinese market
Climate risk has become a hot topic of global concern. This paper aims to explore the impact of investor climate sentiment (ICS) on China’ s crude oil futures market, covering the period from March 27, 2018, to December 30, 2022. Firstly, this paper employs the Thermal Optimal Path (TOP) method and discovers that the guiding effect of ICS on the volatility of crude oil futures (RVoil) intensifies over time, progressively becoming a pivotal factor in determining volatility. Secondly, based on the lead-lag relationship between ICS and RVoil, this study divides the sample period into five stages and confirms through the HAR model that ICS has a significant inhibitory effect on crude oil volatility during the guiding phase. In addition, incorporating ICS into the HAR model not only improves the model’ s goodness of fit but also significantly reduces the prediction error in out-of-sample forecasts. Finally, by comparing with the full-sample analysis, the volatility prediction results of the segmented samples show that during the guiding phase, the predictive power of ICS for crude oil market volatility is significantly improved. Even in the non-guiding phase, ICS can reduce the prediction error to a certain extent. This result further highlights the advantages of the TOP method in revealing the impact of ICS on the prediction of crude oil volatility.
Correction: Automated recognition of emotional states of horses from facial expressions
Development and validation of the nutrition literacy scale for Chinese gout patients
Background Nutrition literacy is essential for the self-management and treatment of gout patients. However, to date, there is no appropriate scale to measure the level of nutrition literacy gout patients in China. Objective This study objective to develop and psychometric nutrition literacy scale for patients with gout. Methods Using item development and psychological assessment. First, literature review, brainstorming, delphi study, and pr-survey were used to construct draft of the nutrition literacy scale for patients with gout. Second, 526 patients with gout underwent scale-based surveys. Item analysis and exploratory factors were used to optimize the scale. Confirmatory factor analysis was used to verify the structure of the scale, including the goodness of fit of the model, convergent validity, and discriminant validity. Subsequently, the reliability of the scale was tested using cronbach’s α coefficient and test-retest reliability. Results The formal scale contains 5 dimensions: nutrition belief, nutrition knowledge, nutrition information acquisition ability, nutrition information interaction ability, nutrition information criticism ability, and 26 items. The overall content validity of the scale is 0.933. Exploratory factor analysis extracted 5 factors with a cumulative variance contribution of 82.18%. Confirmatory factor analysis showed that the scale structure was well fitted, with good convergent and discriminant validity. The overall cronbach’s α coefficient of this scale was 0.873, and the cronbach’s α coefficients of the dimensions were 0.861 ~ 0.980, and the overall re-test reliability was 0.864, and the re-test reliabilities of the dimensions were 0.881 ~ 0.981. Conclusion Nutrition Literacy Scale for Gout Patients has good reliability and validity. It is suitable for the evaluation of nutrition literacy level in relevant population.
Socioeconomic, demographic and obstetric determinants of maternal near miss in Africa: A systematic review
Background High rates of maternal mortality and morbidity remain significant health issues in low- and middle-income countries. Despite this, few researchers have investigated the underlying factors of severe maternal complications in sub-Saharan Africa. Therefore, the objective of this systematic review was to determine the socioeconomic, demographic, and obstetric predictors of severe maternal complications in this region. Method For this systematic review, we searched PubMed, Scopus and Science Direct between 2000 and 2022. Studies were eligible if they reported a relationship between impending maternal death and one or more socioeconomic, demographic or obstetric determinants. We did not contact the authors of the articles, as we had access to their full texts. The quality of qualitative and quantitative studies was assessed using the Critical Appraisal Skills quality assessment tool. Results Among the 3001 identified studies, this systematic review selected 25 articles. Factors such as economic status, level of education, maternal age, marital status, rural residence, transfers to other facilities, and delays during childbirth were identified as the main determinants of severe complications occurrence in Africa. Disparities in access to maternal healthcare were observed among women from different socioeconomic groups, often due to power imbalances in decision-making processes. Conclusion Several factors, including education, prenatal care follow-up, pre-existing medical conditions, method of admission, and mode of delivery, have been identified as significant indicators of the likelihood of severe maternal morbidity. To reduce these cases, it is crucial to implement targeted socio-economic development programs, including improving access to education, strengthening prenatal health services, providing support to pregnant women with pre-existing medical conditions, and ensuring appropriate admission and delivery methods.
Early to Mid-Holocene land use transitions in South Asia: A new archaeological synthesis of potential human impacts
While it is clear that current human impact on the earth system is unprecedented in scope and scale, much less is known about the long-term histories of human land use and their effects on vegetation, carbon cycling, and other factors relevant to climate change. Current debates over the possible importance of human activities since the mid second millennium CE cannot be effectively resolved without evidence-based reconstructions of past land use and its consequences. The goal of the PAGES LandCover 6K working group is to reconstruct human land use and land cover over the past 12,000 years. In this paper, we present the first large-scale synthesis of archaeological evidence for human land use in South Asia at 12 and 6kya, a critical period for the transition to agriculture, arguably one of the land use transitions most consequential in terms of human impact on the Earth system. Perhaps the most important narrative we can pick out is that while there are some shifts in land use across these time windows, hunter-gatherer-fisher-foraging remained the dominant land use, and within this there was a mosaic of strategies exploiting diverse and complex landscapes and ecologies. This is not necessarily a new conclusion–it is not new to state that South Asia is comprised of many niches, but demonstrating the deep time history of how people have adapted to these and adapted them is an important step for modelling the impacts of human populations and thinking about their footprints in a longue-durée perspective. Despite the new development of food production between the early and mid-Holocene by overall area foraging life ways continued as the dominant land use practice into the 6kya time window. The development of agriculture and food production was not unimportant–it is the beginning of a land use that eventually comes to dominate the sub-continent, but at 6kya agriculture was restricted to specific contexts. Across 12kya to 6kya and different land uses, the use of mosaic ecologies, diverse strategies and the importance of water as a resource stand out as shared themes.
UVESCREEN1: A randomised feasibility study of imaging-based uveitis screening for children with juvenile idiopathic arthritis- Study Protocol
Children with Juvenile Idiopathic Arthritis (JIA) are at a currently unpredictable risk of a blinding, often asymptomatic, co-existent eye disorder, anterior uveitis which requires prompt treatment. The unpredictability of this insidious disorder commits children with JIA to three-monthly expert clinical examinations in specialist eye centres often located far from their homes. Optical coherence tomography of the ocular anterior segment (AS-OCT) has been shown to be an acceptable, repeatable and sensitive modality for uveitis detection, but is not standard care. This feasibility randomised controlled trial (RCT) aims to inform a future full-scale RCT comparing current routine practice (expert slit lamp examination, SLE) to AS-OCT for the surveillance of uveitis in children at risk. Eighty children aged between 2 and 12 years old and diagnosed with JIA within the preceding year will be included. Participants with an existing diagnosis of uveitis, other ocular co-morbidities or those unable to complete examinations or provide informed assent will be excluded. Participants will be randomised to SLE (control) or AS-OCT (intervention) examination at a frequency consistent with the current national programme for childhood uveitis surveillance. Children in the intervention arm will also have standard examination at 6 and 12 months after study entrance. Outcomes of interest will be feasibility (recruitment and attrition rates), clinical metrics (proportion diagnosed with uveitis or other ocular disorders at 12 months after study entrance), quality of life outcomes (PedsQL), and resource use. Additionally, comparative analysis of AS-OCT versus SLE (‘gold standard’ reference testing) findings at 6 and 12 months for those in the intervention arm will provide the proof-of-concept data necessary to develop and undertake a larger scale trial. Trial registration: This trial has been registered with clinicaltrails.gov ( NCT05984758 ).
Comparison of stable isotope mixing models for examining plant root water uptake
As natural isotope tracers, δ18O and δ2H have been widely applied to examine the water uptake of plant root, but the various stable isotope mixing models may lead to different explanations. To understand the influence of models, here we selected a typical plant Caragana korshinskii Kom. in northeastern Tibetan Plateau, and analyzed the stable water isotope compositions in plant xylem and potential sources including precipitation and soil water. Three stable isotope mixing models, i.e., IsoSource, MixSIR and MixSIAR were used, and then the differences in the proportional contributions of various water sources for plant root were examined. The results showed that the IsoSource and MixSIR were generally similar, while the MixSIAR were significantly different. Although the proportional contributions of each water source were different due to different algorithms, the water source which contributed maximum proportion was the same for all models. This study provides a scientific reference for the selection of models for the study of plant water use strategies in similar study areas, i.e., the most dominant water source can be identified regardless of the choice of model.
LncRNA UCA1 regulates immune micro-environment in cisplatin-induced AKI by miRNA-4498/AKT3 pathway
An increasing number of studies highlight the significance of long non-coding RNAs (lncRNAs) in the biological process of acute kidney injury (AKI). This study investigates the role and the mechanism of lncRNA UCA1 in cisplatin-induced AKI. Real-time quantitative PCR was used to measure lncRNA UCA1 expression in cisplatin-induced AKI mouse model, showing that lncRNA UCA1 was overexpressed. Knockdown of lncRNA UCA1 by shRNA significantly reduced inflammation caused by cisplatin treatment. A co-culture system demonstrated that lncRNA UCA1 upregulation in T cells induced apoptosis of tubular epithelial cells (TECs). A dual-luciferase reporter assay confirmed that lncRNA UCA1 acts as a miR-4498 sponge, binding to the 3’UTR of AKT3. Flow cytometry and ELISA results showed that reduced inflammation effect induced by lncRNA UCA1 knockdown was reversed by miR-4498 inhibition or AKT3 overexpression. Our findings suggest that lncRNA UCA1 functions as a miR-4498 sponge, upregulating AKT3 expression, and promoting inflammation in cisplatin-induced AKI.
Efficacy of early enteral nutrition support on the nutritional status of patients after gallstone surgery
Objective To evaluate the overall efficacy of early enteral nutrition support on the nutritional status of patients following gallstone surgery, providing a theoretical basis for its application in postoperative care. Methods A retrospective analysis was conducted on 98 hospitalized patients who underwent gallstone surgery between February 2021 and March 2023. The patients were divided into two groups: the study group, which received early nutritional intervention, and the control group, which started nutritional support three days post-surgery. The primary objective was to assess nutritional status, while secondary objectives included gastrointestinal function, immune function markers, and the incidence of postoperative and gastrointestinal complications. Nutritional status, gastrointestinal function, immune function, and complications were compared between the two groups before and one week after intervention. Results After the intervention, the study group showed significantly higher levels of total protein (TP), prealbumin (PAB), albumin (ALB), transferrin (TF), and body mass index (BMI) compared to the control group (P<0.05). Additionally, the scores for Nutrition Risk Screening 2002 (NRS 2002) and the Malnutrition Universal Screening Tool (MUST) were notably lower in the study group (P<0.05). Postoperatively, the study group experienced shorter times to first exhaust, defecation, bowel sound recovery, first meal, and overall hospital stay compared to the control group (P<0.05). Although the pre-intervention levels of CD3+, CD4+, CD8+, and CD4+/CD8+ were comparable between the groups (P>0.05), these immune markers were significantly higher in the study group post-intervention (P<0.05). The incidence of both postoperative and gastrointestinal complications was significantly lower in the study group than in the control group (both P<0.05). Conclusion Early enteral nutrition support significantly improves the nutritional status of patients after gallstone surgery, enhances gastrointestinal and immune function, and reduces the occurrence of complications. These findings underscore its clinical significance and value in postoperative care.