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Object identity representation occurs early in the archerfish visual system
Research on cutting mechanism and process optimization method of gear skiving
Abstract The cutting force and cutting temperature have a significant impact on the service life and durability of gear skiving cutters. Due to unreasonable design, the existing process parameters lead to dramatically nonuniform cutting force and cutting temperature, which aggravates the rapid wear of gear skiving cutters. To address this issue, this paper first establishes a finite element model of skiving the internal circular arc tooth in pin wheel housing, and the simulation model is simplified to improve computation efficiency. Next, the impact of single process parameter on cutting force and cutting temperature is analyzed by controlling variable. Then, an orthogonal experiment is designed and the method of range analysis is employed to evaluate the significance of each process parameter. Furthermore, a prediction model of cutting force and cutting temperature is established using a neural network optimized by genetic algorithm. This prediction model allows for the construction of a multi-objective optimization model for the process parameters. By solving this model, the optimal combination of process parameters within the given ranges can be obtained to achieve reasonable and balanced cutting force and cutting temperature.
Distinctive blood and salivary proteomics signatures in Qatari individuals at high risk for cardiovascular disease
Biosynthesis of a range of ZnO nanoparticles utilising Salvia hispanica L. seed extract and evaluation of their bioactivity
Clinical impact of direct rotational atherectomy in patients with complex coronary artery lesions
Bauhinia coccinea extract prevents memory loss induced by scopolamine through activation of antiapoptotic and antioxidant pathways in mice
Regulation of adipocyte differentiation and lipid metabolism by novel synthetic chromenes exploring anti-obesity and broader therapeutic potential
Using computer modeling to find new LRRK2 inhibitors for parkinson’s disease
Quality optimization of liquid silicon lenses based on sequential approximation optimization and radial basis function networks
Deep learning powered single-cell clustering framework with enhanced accuracy and stability
The relationship between involutional ectropion and inflammatory disorders of the eyelids and ocular surface: insights from a large-scale national study
A mild and scalable one-pot synthesis of N-substituted 2-aminobenzimidazoles via visible light mediated cyclodesulfurization
Abstract A visible light mediated photocatalyst-free synthesis of N-substituted 2-aminobenzimidazoles directly from o-phenylenediamines and isothiocyanates is developed in a one-pot fashion. This one-pot reaction proceeds through three steps: N-substitution of o-phenylenediamines, thiourea formation and visible light mediated cyclodesulfurization. This method enables the rapid and efficient synthesis of structurally diverse N-substituted 2-aminobenzimidazoles, achieving yields up to 92% across 69 examples. The practicality of the reaction is demonstrated by gram-scale synthesis. The key advantages of this method include the use of less toxic solvent in aqueous media, the elimination of photocatalyst, and a simple, practical setup (one-pot, open-flask, and ambient temperature). Mechanistic insights are gathered through control experiments, including light on/off cycles and radical inhibition studies. The results indicate that the reaction involves with radical pathway mediated by visible light.
Assessing climate sensitivity of the Upper Indus Basin using fully distributed, physically-based hydrologic modeling and multi-model climate ensemble approach
Polypharmacy and self-medication among older adults in Indian urban communities—a cross-sectional study
Abstract Older adults are vulnerable to unsafe medication practices. This cross-sectional study estimated the prevalence and factors of polypharmacy and self-medication among 600 older adults from six Indian cities. The updated Screening Tool of Older Persons’ Prescriptions and Screening Tool to Alert to Right Treatment criteria (version 3) were used. Knowledge, attitudes, and reported practices regarding self-medication were assessed. Descriptive statistics, binary logistic regression, and multivariable analysis were used. The prevalence of polypharmacy was 33.7% (95% CI 29.9–37.6%), with significant associations to multiple comorbidities [adjusted odds ratio (aOR) 2.5 (95% CI 1.1–4.1)], recent transition of care [aOR 3.3 (95% CI 1.4–5.7)], and recent hospitalization [aOR 4.6 (95% CI 2–7.7)]. The proportions of prescriptions with potentially inappropriate medications and potential prescribing omissions were 28.8% (95% CI 25.2–32.6%) and 20.3% (95% CI 17.2–23.8%), respectively. The prevalence of self-medication was 19.7% (95% CI 16.6–23.1%), associated with factors, such as staying alone [aOR 4.5 (95% CI 2.4–6.6)], multiple comorbidities [aOR 3 (95% CI 1.4–6.7)], and recent hospitalization [aOR 4.8 (95% CI 1.5–8)]. Among those who self-medicated, 65.3% lacked knowledge of self-medication, 50% did not comprehend the risks, and 40.7% reported unsafe self-medication practices. The findings emphasize interventions’ necessity for promoting safe medication use in older adults.
Potato starch quality in relation to the treatments and long-term storage of tubers
Abstract Starch is the most important component of potato tubers, the structure and composition of which play a key role in their utilization as well as processing and storage. Potato seed treatment may play the biggest role in ensuring proper plant growth and development. Isolated starch from tubers of different potato varieties for food processing was evaluated immediately after harvesting and after long-term storage with consideration of different products for potato seed treatment. The quality of starch was evaluated in terms of starch grain size, total starch content, pH, starch stability after freezing, gelatinization temperature as well as phosphorus and amylose content. The varieties differed significantly in starch content and quality. The Beo variety had the highest starch content in dry tuber weight (77.8%) and the best starch quality characteristics (the lowest starch stability after freezing − 18.0% and highest gelatinization temperature − 64.0 ℃ onset and 68.4 ℃ end). Simultaneous treatment of tubers with Supporter and Moncut 460 SC contributed to the highest starch content in tubers (77.6% d. m.) as well as increasing its stability after freezing (20.8%) and decreasing its gelatinization temperatures (61.7 ℃ onset and 66.0 ℃ end). This may be due to the increased proportion of large starch grains and higher amylose and phosphorus content. A slight decrease in starch quality traits was shown after long-term storage of tubers. Maintaining constant conditions during storage along with the applied treatments contributed to this. It is recommended to use products for potato seed treatment in the production technology of potato for consumption and for starch production.
A prospective cohort study of the association between mode of delivery and postpartum posttraumatic stress disorder
Corrosion and degradation behavior of MCSTE-Processed AZ31 magnesium alloy
Abstract This study aims to investigate the impact of multi-channel spiral twist extrusion (MCSTE) on the corrosion and degradation properties of biodegradable AZ31 (Mg-3Al-1Zn, wt.%) magnesium alloy. Square AZ31 billets were processed using route C-MCSTE (with a 180° rotation between passes) at 250°C and with a ram speed of 10 mm/min for up to 8 passes. The extrusion process was conducted via dies with twist angles of 30° and 40°. The microstructural changes and grain size distribution in the alloy were determined with a Scanning Electron Microscopy equipped with Electron Backscatter Diffraction. Electrochemical tests were conducted in a simulated body fluid to model the environment in which medical implants operate. The mechanical properties of the alloy were tested before and after processing using compression tests. The billets processed with a 30° twist angle demonstrated superior mechanical and corrosion resistance compared to those processed with a 40° die. A 66% reduction in grain size was found in billets processed for 4 passes using the 30°-die as compared to the as-annealed condition. Billets processed for 4 and 8 passes showed ultimate compressive strength improvements of 23% and 31%, respectively compared to the as-annealed condition. The 8-pass processed sample using the 30° twist ring die showed 76% improvement in the corrosion rate compared to the as-annealed state. Furthermore, billets processed for 4 passes showed corrosion resistance and ultimate compressive strength improvements of 108% and 23%; respectively compared to the as-annealed condition. These findings imply that the developed MCSTE process can be adopted for industrial use, especially in the manufacturing of biodegradable magnesium alloys for medical implants.