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High resistance fault detection in DC microgrid using Hilbert Huang transform and vector-based ensemble optimized LSTM networks
One of the world’s richest lithium deposits began inside a mega-volcano
The role of cardiovascular disease in the association between estimated glucose disposal rate and chronic kidney disease
Efficient hydrogen evolution via neutral water electrolysis using nanocrystalline TiO2 electrocatalyst
Research on the ejection performance of an ejector with low pressure and back pressure
An asymmetric fission island driven by shell effects in light fragments
Abstract Nuclear fission leads to the splitting of a nucleus into two fragments 1,2 . Studying the distribution of the masses and charges of the fragments is essential for establishing the fission mechanisms and refining the theoretical models 3,4 . It has value for our understanding of r-process nucleosynthesis 5,6 , in which the fission of nuclei with extreme neutron-to-proton ratios is pivotal for determining astrophysical abundances and understanding the origin of the elements 7 and for energy applications 8,9 . Although the asymmetric distribution of fragments is well understood for actinides (elements in the periodic table with atomic numbers from 89 to 103) based on shell effects 10 , symmetric fission governs the scission process for lighter elements. However, unexpected asymmetric splits have been observed in neutron-deficient exotic nuclei 11 , prompting extensive further investigations. Here we present measurements of the charge distributions of fission fragments for 100 exotic fissioning systems, 75 of which have never been measured, and establish a connection between the neutron-deficient sub-lead region and the well-understood actinide region. These new data comprehensively map the asymmetric fission island and provide clear evidence for the role played by the deformed Z = 36 proton shell of the light fragment in the fission of sub-lead nuclei. Our dataset will help constrain the fission models used to estimate the fission properties of nuclei with extreme neutron-to-proton ratios for which experimental data are unavailable.
Evolution of temperature preference in flies of the genus Drosophila
Simulation and experimental study on processing behavior of coronary artery calcified tissue removal
Endemic cushions of the Khorassan-Kopet Dagh floristic province show differential responses to future climate change
Hippocampal-prefrontal functional neural networks in a rat model of fragile X syndrome are poorly organized with limited resiliency
Optimization of lymphatic drug delivery system with carboplatin for metastatic lymph nodes
Assessment of lumbosacral spinal curvatures before and after surgery using 3D posturography
Structurally complex phase engineering enables hydrogen-tolerant Al alloys
Publisher Correction: Analysis of prognosis of neurological sequelae in children with carbon monoxide poisoning
Acute lorazepam administration does not significantly affect moral attitudes or judgments
Abstract Recent scientific studies exploring the neuropsychological foundations of moral decision-making have shown that moral attitudes and evaluations are significantly influenced by emotion, particularly negative emotionality, as well as personality traits such as neuroticism. Further psychopharmacological research has observed that GABAergic agonists are capable of influencing moral decision-making by modifying anxiety-related emotional negativity and/or through cognitive modulation. The aim of this double-blind, crossover design, placebo-controlled study is to evaluate said GABAergic modulation on moral cognition. Importantly, unlike the aforementioned research, the present study not only utilizes explicit moral evaluation measures [e.g., the Justice Sensitivity Inventory (JSI) and evaluations of moral scenarios], but also uses the morality Implicit Association Test (mIAT) to assess unacknowledged attitudes towards morally charged scenarios. Our results indicate that acute lorazepam administration does not significantly alter moral judgments, including implicit moral attitudes, explicit justice sensitivity, and blame/praise evaluations. Lorazepam-induced changes in moral sensitivity appeared to vary with baseline levels, with individuals exhibiting higher baseline JSI or D scores tending to show greater reductions following administration. These findings support the involvement of GABAergic modulation in moral cognition, albeit without clear behavioral consequences.
Unveiling the role of Ndrg1 gene on the oxidative stress induction behind the anticancer potential of styrylquinazoline derivatives
Abstract This work presents a multifaceted mechanism of the anticancer action of a 2-styrylquinazoline derivative. Extensive analysis of various aspects related to tyrosine kinase inhibition and effects on cellular targets at both the gene and protein levels revealed the potential of this IS20 compound for future research. This study presents a detailed analysis of the relationship between ABL and SRC kinase affecting the inhibition of the EGFR/mTOR signaling pathway in a non-obvious manner. The study was supported by experiments using various molecular biology techniques to confirm the induction of oxidative stress, inhibition of the cell cycle in the G2/M phase and the triggering of cell death via both the apoptosis and autophagy pathways. The cell models included those with different p53 protein status, which affected the cellular response in the form of altered Ndrg1 expression. Finally, the appropriate physicochemical properties of IS20 for adequate bioavailability and toxicity to the body were observed in an in vivo model.
Assessment of the biofilm formation capacities of Staphylococcus aureus strains Newman and Newman D2C in vitro and in vivo
Abstract Staphylococcus aureus is a major cause of implant-associated infections (IAIs). The ability of this Gram-positive bacterium to cause IAIs is closely related to its capacity to attach to and to form biofilms on the implant material. Biofilm formation of S. aureus on artificial surfaces is usually mimicked in the laboratory by simple microplate-based in vitro assays and often involves type culture collection preserved laboratory strains such as SA113 (ATCC 35556), Newman (NCTC 8178), and Newman D2C (NCTC 10833, ATCC 25904). The latter two strains are phylogenetically closely related and often inadvertently indicated as strain “Newman” in publications, albeit of the fact that strain Newman D2C harbors among others mutations in the global regulatory loci agr and sae, which strongly impact the phenotypic behavior of this strain. Wondering how the genetic differences between strains Newman and Newman D2C alter the biofilm formation capacities of these two strains in vitro and in vivo, we tested here the adhesion behavior and biofilm formation capacities of both strains on different kinds of artificial surfaces (tissue culture-treated bottoms of 96-well polystyrene microplates and polyurethane-based peripheral venous catheter [PVC] tubing). Additionally, we determined their ability to cause infection in a foreign body-related murine infection model. Our studies revealed that the Newman and Newman D2C derivatives kept at Saarland University, Germany, differ significantly in their abilities to attach to microplate well bottoms and PVC tubing, and to form biofilms in various static and dynamic in vitro assays. However, when the biofilm formation capacities of both strains were determined in an in vivo infection model, rather comparable bacterial loads were observed. These findings suggest that biofilm formation capacities of S. aureus strains may differ substantially in vitro and in vivo. Additionally, researchers working with strains Newman and Newman D2C should be aware that both strains differ substantially in their phenotypic behavior, and that both strains should be indicated correctly to allow for a better comparison of data obtained with these strains in different laboratories.
Sustainable nickel enabled by hydrogen-based reduction
Abstract Nickel is a critical element in the shift to sustainable energy systems, with the demand for nickel projected to exceed 6 million tons annually by 20401–4, largely driven by the electrification of the transport sector. Primary nickel production uses acids and carbon-based reductants, emitting about 20 tons of carbon dioxide per ton of nickel produced5–7. Here we present a method using fossil-free hydrogen-plasma-based reduction to extract nickel from low-grade ore variants known as laterites. We bypass the traditional multistep process and combine calcination, smelting, reduction and refining into a single metallurgical step conducted in one furnace. This approach produces high-grade ferronickel alloys at fast reduction kinetics. Thermodynamic control of the atmosphere of the furnace enables selective nickel reduction, yielding an alloy with minimal impurities (<0.04 wt% silicon, approximately 0.01 wt% phosphorus and <0.09 wt% calcium), eliminating the need for further refining. The proposed method has the potential to be up to about 18% more energy efficient while cutting direct carbon dioxide emissions by up to 84% compared with current practice. Our work thus shows a sustainable approach to help resolve the contradiction between the beneficial use of nickel in sustainable energy technologies and the environmental harm caused by its production.