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Physiological adjustment effects of viewing natural environment images on heart rate variability in individuals with depressive and anxiety disorders
Integrating seasonal dynamics and human impact on microbial biomass carbon across deep soil profiles in tropical Sal forest of Achanakmar-Amarkantak Biosphere Reserve, India
Estimation of dietary copper requirements of Coho salmon Oncorhynchus kisutch (Walbaum, 1792), and effects on the growth performance, tissue Cu content, antioxidant capacity and hematological parameters
Machine learning-based prediction of restless legs syndrome using digital phenotypes from wearables and smartphone data
TLR2 promotes the progression of diabetes mellitus with atherosclerosis via activating NLRP3 inflammasome and MyD88/NF-κB signaling pathway
Exploring the relationship between negative life events and emotional symptoms in adolescents using a network analysis
Smad4 and TGFβ1 dependent gene expression signatures in conditional intestinal adenoma, organoids and colorectal cancer
Abstract TGF-β ligands suppress growth yet can paradoxically and potently promote cancer invasion and metastasis depending on downstream pathway mutational context, such as loss of Mothers against decapentaplegic homolog 4 (Smad4). Here, we characterised phenotypes and associated gene expression signatures in conditional murine intestinal adenoma with and without Smad4. Conditional Lgr5-CreERT2 activation in Apc fl/fl Smad4 fl/fl mice resulted in homozygote floxed alleles (Apc Δ/Δ Smad4 Δ/Δ) and adenoma formation. The adenoma phenotype was discordant, with reduced small intestinal adenoma burden yet development of large non-metastatic caecal adenoma with nuclear localisation of phospho-Smad2/3. Derived Apc Δ/Δ Smad4 Δ/Δ adenoma organoids resisted TGF-β1 dose dependent growth arrest and cell death (IC50 534 pM) compared to Apc Δ/Δ Smad4 +/+ (IC50 24 pM). TGF-β1 (390 pM) altered adenoma bulk mRNA expression most significantly for Id1 low and Spp1 high in Apc Δ/Δ Smad4 Δ/Δ. Single cell RNAseq of caecal adenoma identified expansion of Lgr5 low , Pak3 high and Id1 low progenitor populations in Apc Δ/Δ Smad4 Δ/Δ. Of the 76 Smad4 and TGF-β1 dependent genes identified in Apc fl/fl Smad4 fl/fl adenoma organoids, only 7 human equivalent genes were differentially expressed in SMAD4 mutated colorectal cancer (TCGA cohorts), including ID1 low . SMAD4 low , ID1 low SPP1 high and PAK3 high all correlated with poorer survival. Murine adenoma identified Smad4 dependent gene expression signatures that require further evaluation as functional biomarker classifiers of SMAD4 mutated cancer subtypes.
Turbidity and suspended sediment relationship based on sediment composition and particle size distribution
Bold zebrafish (Danio rerio) learn faster in a classical associative learning task
Abstract Animals vary between individuals in their ability to learn and some sources of this variation can be the learning process and the individual’s personality type. We investigated the relationship between learning and the bold-shy behavioral type by comparing performance of bold and shy zebrafish in conditioned place preference (CPP) and 2-choice tasks. Bold zebrafish learned significantly faster than the shy fish but there were no differences in their final performance in the CPP. When tested in the 2-choice task, we found no clear evidence of learning, however bold fish made more initial choices than shy fish. Overall, our study suggests that bold zebrafish tend to be faster learners when compared to shy zebrafish. The lack of differences in the final change in behavior suggests that learning differences may be due to how the animals initially interact with stimuli because of differences in neophobia.
Quantitative relationship between hippocampal injury and mechanical load and body weight in closed head injury of male rats using quadratic orthogonal regression
Salience network resting-state functional connectivity predicts self-controlled decision-making
Abstract Salience network functional integration with the central executive network and the default mode network at rest has been shown to predict real-life self-control. It has been proposed that a network interaction index reflecting stronger functional integration of the salience network with the central executive network and reduced functional connectivity of the salience network with the default mode network represents a trait neural correlate of successful self-control exertion. Here, we attempted to replicate this result using data from our own study where 121 participants completed an fMRI self-control task comprising real-life scenarios and data from a second study (N = 79) retrieved from OpenNeuro (dataset ID: ds002643) where participants completed an fMRI food choice task. We could not replicate the proposed role of salience network resting-state functional connectivity in self-controlled decision-making in either of those data sets. Instead, we found evidence for the exact opposite effect, specifically a negative association between self-control performance and the network interaction index. The role of analysis pipelines, appropriate network ROIs, and the measurement of self-control are discussed in the context of our findings.
Design and fabrication of a compact microstrip hybrid ring coupler with harmonic reduction for L band radar system
Testing a digital and interactive scale (the three circles) to assess emotion regulation
Maximum independent set in multiplex social networks and its application to influence maximization
A deep learning framework for virtual continuous glucose monitoring and glucose prediction based on life-log data
A new deep learning-based fast transcoding for internet of things applications
Female levator ani muscle damage assessment in supine and upright position
Abstract There is damage in the pelvic floor only visible in upright imaging. This damage have not been yet studied. The aim of this research is to assess the difference in levator ani muscle (LAM) damage in supine and upright position by means of MRI scans. Sixty-four patients with minimum stage 2 prolapse of the anterior vaginal wall or uterus, without previous pelvic organ prolapse (POP) surgery were scanned in a MR scanner in supine and upright position. Damage to the pubococcygeus muscle (PCM) and the iliococcygeal muscle (ICM) was scored as none, minor or major. For PCM, a previously established protocol was used. For ICM, a protocol for damage assessment was established and validated in this study, by determining the interclass correlation coefficient (ICC). The new ICM assessment protocol was established with ICC values of 0.68 (0.57–0.77) for supine and 0.81 (0.74–0.86) for upright assessment. 6.3% major ICM damage was found in supine vs. 51.6% in upright position with a significant difference of p < 0.001 for the sign-test. There was an underestimation of ICM damage in 59% of the cases in supine position. PCM damage scoring was not feasible on upright MRI’s and therefore only assessed on supine scans. In our POP population we found 53.1% of the women with major damage to either the PCM or ICM and 32.8% with major damage in both, leading to a total of 85.9% of women with major damage to at least one structure. There is a significant difference in LAM damage assessment between supine and upright position. Supine imaging leads to a severe underestimation of ICM damage while for the PCM supine damage assessment remains superior.
The co-evolution and driving mechanism analysis of ecosystem services value and tourism economic resilience from 286 cities in China
Photoacoustic imaging for monitoring radiotherapy treatment response in head and neck tumors
Abstract Head and neck (HN) tumors are responsible for approximately 4% of annual new cancer cases worldwide. Besides surgery, radiochemotherapy, particularly fractionated radiotherapy (RT), is the gold-standard treatment modality for these cancers. However, there is currently no reliable early measure of success available to further personalize treatment plans. This work aims to address this critical bottleneck by pioneering the use of photoacoustic imaging (PAI) to measure treatment response in HN cancer patients undergoing RT. PAI leverages the photoacoustic effect in order to non-invasively recover functional tissue properties in depths of up to several centimeters. We hypothesized that oxygen saturation ( $$\text {sO}_2$$ ), hemoglobin concentration, and water content, as measured by PAI, would non-invasively reflect expected RT treatment effects, namely reoxygenation of lymph nodes (hypothesis H1), inflammation of surrounding organs (H2) and xerostomia (H3). Our study with n = 30 human subjects showed notable changes in $$\text {sO}_2$$ , hemoglobin concentration, and water levels in HN tumor patients resulting from disease treatment. Our data confirmed hypotheses H2 and H3, while an observed decrease in $$\text {sO}_2$$ over the treatment course contradicted our prior assumptions (H1). A comprehensive analysis based on device and tissue digital twins, however, revealed that low blood volume fraction as encountered in malignant nodes, can lead to particularly high $$\text {sO}_2$$ prediction errors, indicating that the measured $$\text {sO}_2$$ values cannot be trusted within these regions. We conclude that our study is the first to show that PAI is capable of measuring early molecular changes induced by RT in human tissue non-invasively. Further studies are now needed to convert the potential of the new imaging technique into patient benefit.