Browse Articles

Optimizing coverage in wireless sensor networks using deep reinforcement learning with graph neural networks

Redox-State-Dependent Structural Changes within a Prokaryotic 6–4 Photolyase

Floristic composition of Shamansir mountain, West Saudi Arabia, as sustainable economic resources

Avoidance of Secondary Carbocations, Unusual Deprotonation, and Nonstatistical Dynamic Effects in the Cyclization Mechanism of Tetraisoquinane

Dissecting immune-mediated pathways in rheumatoid arthritis: A multivariate mediation analysis of antibodies and circulating proteins

Faster Amylin Aggregation on Fibrillar Collagen I Hastens Diabetic Progression through β-Cell Death and Loss of Function

Healthcare utilisation and economic burden of cancer on Indian households

Rapid Cathodic Coloration in Solution-Processable Electrochromic Polymers of Intrinsic Microporosity

Adaptive fuzzy-PI controlled dynamic voltage restorer for mitigating voltage sags

Dimensional Control in Phase-Pure Coevaporated Quasi-2D Ruddlesden–Popper Structures

The genetic and environmental composition of socioeconomic status in Norway

Abstract Estimating the contributions of genetic and environmental factors is key to understanding differences in socioeconomic status (SES). However, the heritability of SES varies by measure, method, and context. Here, we estimate genetic and environmental sources of variance and commonality in the ‘big four’ SES indicators. We use high-quality administrative data on educational attainment, occupational prestige, income, and wealth, and employ four family-based and unrelated genotype-based heritability methods, all drawn from the same population-wide cohort of >170,000 Norwegians aged 35-45. By drawing subsamples from a consistent sample and using registry-based data, we reduce differences in estimates due to population characteristics and measurement error. Our results show that genetic variation consistently explains more for educational attainment and occupational prestige. Family-shared environmental contributions explained more for educational attainment and wealth. Our results highlight considerable common influences on the four SES indicators among genetic and shared environmental factors, but not among non-shared environmental factors. Overall, we show how the relative importance of genetic and environmental factors to SES differences in Norway varies by method and type of socioeconomic attainment. This study is a reliable source for comparing heritability methods, and for comparing SES indicators and their genetic and environmental commonality in a social-democratic welfare state.

An efficient lattice-based integrated revocable identity-based encryption

Abstract Revocable identity-based encryption (RIBE) enables data encryption without certificates and allows for the revocation of users, thereby offering a more streamlined and secure approach to dynamic member management. However, the existing revocation models lack strong scalability, rendering the RIBE scheme unsuitable for scenarios where the key generation center (KGC) experiences high workloads and users face heavy storage burdens. Therefore, this paper introduces an integrated revocation model that maintains both the workload for the KGC and the size of the secret keys at a constant level, while also relieving the encryptor of the burden of handling revocation information. By combining online and offline encryption, we construct an OO-IRIBE-EnDKER scheme from lattices, which possesses properties such as anonymity, decryption key exposure resistance (DKER), resistance to quantum computing attacks, and selective security. Finally, the effectiveness of the OO-IRIBE-EnDKER scheme is demonstrated through experimental results.

Convergent Total Synthesis of (−)-Calidoustene

Bilayer orthogonal ferromagnetism in CrTe2-based van der Waals system

Physics informed neural networks for fluid flow analysis with repetitive parameter initialization

Enantiomeric Ferroelectric Chiral Domains

Differential regulation of fetal bone marrow and liver hematopoiesis by yolk-sac-derived myeloid cells

Objective and subjective hand properties of cotton soybean protein elastane and cotton cashmere elastane blended denim fabrics

Visible-Light-Induced [2 + 2] Cyclization of Alkynes with Bromodifluoroacetylsilanes: Facile Access to <i>gem</i>-Difluorocyclobutenones

Inherited deficiency of DIAPH1 identifies a DNA double strand break repair pathway regulated by γ-actin

Abstract DNA double strand break repair (DSBR) represents a fundamental process required to maintain genome stability and prevent the onset of disease. Whilst cell cycle phase and the chromatin context largely dictate which repair pathway is utilised to restore damaged DNA, it has been recently shown that nuclear actin filaments play a major role in clustering DNA breaks to facilitate DSBR by homologous recombination (HR). However, the mechanism with which nuclear actin and the different actin nucleating factors regulate HR is unclear. Interestingly, patients with biallelic mutations in the actin nucleating factor DIAPH1 exhibit a striking overlap of clinical features with the HR deficiency disorders, Nijmegen Breakage Syndrome (NBS) and Warsaw Breakage Syndrome (WABS). This suggests that DIAPH1 may play a role in regulating HR and that some of the clinical deficits associated with DIAPH1 mutations may be caused by an underlying DSBR defect. In keeping with this clinical similarity, we demonstrate that cells from DIAL (DIAPH1 Loss-of-function) Syndrome patients display an HR repair defect comparable to loss of NBS1. Moreover, we show that this DSBR defect is also observed in a subset of patients with Baraitser-Winter Cerebrofrontofacial (BWCFF) syndrome associated with mutations in ACTG1 (γ-actin) but not ACTB (β-actin). Lastly, we demonstrate that DIAPH1 and γ-actin promote HR-dependent repair by facilitating the relocalisation of the MRE11/RAD50/NBS1 complex to sites of DNA breaks to initiate end-resection. Taken together, these data provide a mechanistic explanation for the overlapping clinical symptoms exhibited by patients with DIAL syndrome, BWCFF syndrome and NBS.