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Role of aspartate 42 and histidine 79 in the aiPLA2 activity and oligomeric status of Prdx6 at low pH
Assessment of ecological risk under different SSP-RCP scenarios of the Xinjiang province in China
A comprehensive interpretable machine learning framework for mild cognitive impairment and Alzheimer’s disease diagnosis
Abstract An interpretable machine learning (ML) framework is introduced to enhance the diagnosis of Mild Cognitive Impairment (MCI) and Alzheimer’s disease (AD) by ensuring robustness of the ML models’ interpretations. The dataset used comprises volumetric measurements from brain MRI and genetic data from healthy individuals and patients with MCI/AD, obtained through the Alzheimer’s Disease Neuroimaging Initiative. The existing class imbalance is addressed by an ensemble learning approach, while various attribution-based and counterfactual-based interpretability methods are leveraged towards producing diverse explanations related to the pathophysiology of MCI/AD. A unification method combining SHAP with counterfactual explanations assesses the interpretability techniques’ robustness. The best performing model yielded 87.5% balanced accuracy and 90.8% F1-score. The attribution-based interpretability methods highlighted significant volumetric and genetic features related to MCI/AD risk. The unification method provided useful insights regarding those features’ necessity and sufficiency, further showcasing their significance in MCI/AD diagnosis.
Architectural design adaptation of Egyptian residential buildings to accommodate digesters of biogas from food waste
Abstract The present work explores the relationship between architectural design and biogas production from household food waste and other disposable materials. It investigates the necessary parameters for adapting domestic architectural designs to accommodate biogas production plants. To achieve this, the study initially delves into commonly known biogas key parameters and selects the most relevant ones to be used as design guidelines for architects. It also examines the architectural structures of biogas digesters implemented worldwide to identify suitable prototypes that can be readapted or redesigned for Egyptian domestic environments. The paper also addressed some issues regarding required workspace calculations for the biogas roof installations, including bearing loads on roof slabs. The paper further explores the architectural characteristics of different types of Egyptian residential buildings to allow for the design of a domestic biogas plant prototype tailored to each specific building type. Additionally, it addresses the need to understand the architectural characteristics of Egyptian residential buildings and the design of the biogas plant prototype, highlights the constraints of Egyptian residential buildings to optimize the design, and proposes spatial configurations for biogas plants in various types of residential buildings in Egypt. Under the discussion section, the paper introduced some proposals regarding safety concerns and cost analysis.