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Gynecologic health of women with multiple sclerosis: An overview on the current status and findings of Pap tests in a low-income setting

Background Women with MS (wwMS), particularly ones in low-income settings, and exposed to disease-modifying therapy (DMT), could have specific gynecological health-related issues. Aim To assist policy making and lead further research by describing the current status of gynecological health and Pap test results in wwMS. Methods Cross-sectional study on wwMS living in Isfahan, Iran. Participants were surveyed and referred for a Pap test, results of which were compared with 1:2 age- and socioeconomic status-matched healthy controls (HC). Primary outcome was the degree of non-benign squamous/glandular cell abnormalities. Secondary outcomes were presence of evidence of infection, and the degree of benign inflammatory/reactive changes. Logistic regression models were utilized for analyses. Results 197 wwMS were included (mean age [SD], 41.2 [8.3]; median EDSS (IQR) 1.5 [0.5]). 74.1% reported having sexual activity more than once per week in the past year. For contraception, 21.6% and 16.8% used calendar-based methods and male condoms, respectively. 7% had contracted a gynecological infection in the past. Only 1% had received HPV vaccination. Compared to HC, benign reactive/inflammatory changes in Pap tests were less frequently seen in the wwMS (OR: 0.3; 95% CI: 0.2, 0.4; p <  0.001), while evidence of infection was seen more frequently (OR: 11.5, 95% CI: 3.3, 40; p <  0.001). Results were consistent across DMT groups except anti-CD20 therapies. Additionally, the frequency of non-benign changes in wwMS was two times of that in the HC, but the study lacked adequate power to confirm statistical significance (1.5% vs. 0.8%, OR: 2; 95% CI: 0.4, 10.1; p =  0.39). Conclusion There is room for improvement of the gynecological health status of wwMS who live in low-income settings. Also, findings support an immune dysfunction in the cervices of DMT-exposed wwMS. Additionally, further research is merited to determine the risk of changes of malignant potential in cervices of wwMS.

Clinical Performance of Strip vs Zirconia Crowns in 2–6-year-old: A Systematic Review and Meta-analysis

Application of observational research methods to real-world studies for rare disease drugs: A scoping review protocol

The primary objective is to identify which observational research methods have been used in the last 5 years in rare disease drug evaluation and how they are applied to generate adequate evidence regarding the real-world effectiveness or safety of rare disease drugs. Rare disease is an umbrella term for a condition which affects < 200,000 people each year and despite the rarity of these conditions, collectively they encompass approximately 7000 different conditions. With the striking number of rare conditions, many pharmaceutical manufacturers are introducing an increased number of drugs to treat them. However, due to small patient populations, heterogeneity and other factors related to rare diseases, there are feasibility concerns regarding the generation of adequate efficacy and safety evidence using conventional randomized controlled trials (RCTs). Recently, real-world evidence generated through observational (or real-world) studies has been proposed to address some of the feasibility concerns with RCTs by measuring drug effectiveness or safety in the real-world setting. However, there remain methodological concerns due to a lack of randomization/masking. This proposed scoping review aims to identify which observational research methods in the last 5 years are used in rare disease drug evaluation to address methodological concerns and how they are applied to generate evidence on drug effectiveness or safety. Articles must be primary observational or real-world studies reporting rare disease drug effectiveness or safety published within the five years preceding this review. Literature reviews, meta-analyses, randomized control trials, case series, case reports, opinion pieces, conference abstracts, and studies with unavailable full-text articles will be excluded. The search strategy will combine the following key search concepts: rare disease, drugs for rare disease and observational/real-world studies. The search will be conducted in MEDLINE and EMBASE. Review registration number : Open Science Framework, https://osf.io/f3wpv

In silico design of Ebola virus Glycoprotein antigenic peptides as vaccine candidates

Ebola virus (EBOV) is a filovirus that causes severe hemorrhagic fever and has a fatality rate between 50 and 90%. The vaccines were developed against the Ebola Zaire species; therefore, it is necessary to develop vaccines against other species to control future outbreaks. The objective of this work was to obtain vaccine candidate peptides against different EBOV species through the use of bioinformatics programs and servers that allow glycoprotein (GP) to be analyzed. GP sequences of various EBOV species that did not present gaps or unspecified amino acids or that were repeated (same year, region and laboratory) were downloaded from the NCBI database. A consensus sequence was generated and used to determine vaccine candidate peptides, which were evaluated, through a combination of servers and molecular dynamics, for their ability to interact with B and T lymphocytes, toxicity, allergenicity, solvent exposure, glycosylation, antigenicity, and presence in mature GP. Five vaccine candidate peptides were identified, of which PEP4 had the best characteristics evaluated in this study. PEP4 may be a potential candidate for the development of an EBOV vaccine.

Detection of central and obstructive sleep apneas in mice: A new surgical and recording protocol

Sleep apnea is a common respiratory disorder in humans and consists of recurrent episodes of cessation of breathing or decrease in airflow during sleep. Sleep apnea can be classified as central or obstructive, based on its origin. Central sleep apnea results from an impaired transmission of the signal for inspiration from the brain to inspiratory muscles, while obstructive sleep apnea occurs in the presence of an obstruction of the upper airways during inspiration. This condition leads to repetitive episodes of reduced oxygen and elevated carbon dioxide levels in the bloodstream, which entail both direct and indirect adverse effects on vital organs, especially the brain and heart. Basic research on animal models has been instrumental in advancing the understanding of disease mechanisms and pathophysiology, and in expediting the development of targeted therapies in several medical fields. Among animal models, mice are the mammalian species of choice for functional genomics of integrative functions such as sleep. Mice have long been known to show sleep apneas, but the classification of sleep apneas as central or obstructive in mice is technically challenging due to the small size of these animals. Here we present a method aimed at identifying central and obstructive sleep apneas in mice. This method involves the surgical implantation of electrodes for recording the electroencephalogram and nuchal muscle electromyogram, which are the gold standard to study the wake-sleep cycle, and for recording the diaphragm electromyogram, which allows the detection of diaphragm contraction. The method also includes the simultaneous recording of the above-mentioned biological signals and breathing inside a whole-body plethysmograph and the data analysis allows to score wake-sleep states and to detect sleep apneas and categorize them into central and obstructive events.

Analysis of chronic disease comorbidity patterns in middle-aged and elderly smokers in China: The China Health and Retirement Longitudinal Study

Background China has the largest tobacco consumer population in the world, and with the increasing severity of aging, the health issues caused by smoking continue to draw attention. This study aims to explore the current state of chronic disease comorbidity under different smoking patterns, providing a foundation for the formulation of public health policies. Methods A total of 10771 participants older than 45 were included from CHARLS collected in 2020 after screening. The research variables were extracted and processed using Stata 18.0 software, followed by data filtering and organization in Excel. Through chi-square tests and multinomial logistic regression analysis, the study explored the influencing factors of comorbidity patterns under different smoking statuses. Results The results indicate that within the framework of multiple chronic conditions, 2,254 individuals (20.9%) were relatively healthy, while 79.1% had one or more chronic conditions: 3,656 in the simple chronic disease group (33.9%), 3,998 in the minor complex chronic disease group (37.1%), and 863 in the major complex chronic disease group (8.0%). The severity of comorbidity patterns was significantly associated with age, alcohol consumption, hospitalization in the past year, outpatient visits in the past month, insufficient sleep, and poor cognitive function across different smoking statuses. Additionally, living in urban areas and having depression were linked to higher comorbidity severity among non-smokers. Among smokers, being female and having low life satisfaction were independent risk factors for comorbidity patterns. In the group of former smokers, intense physical activity was associated with an increased risk of severe comorbidity patterns. Conclusion In response, it is recommended to strengthen public health strategies and interventions related to chronic disease comorbidity among smokers.

Positive association between stress hyperglycemia ratio and ICU mortality in patients with pulmonary embolism: A retrospective study

Background Measurement of the Stress Hyperglycemia Ratio (SHR) aims to reduce the influence of prolonged chronic glycemic variables on stress hyperglycemia levels, which are associated with clinical outcomes. Nevertheless, the correlation between SHR and the risk of all-cause Intensive Care Unit (ICU) mortality in patients with pulmonary embolism(PE) remains unclear. Methods Data for this retrospective study were o btained from the MIMIC IV2.2 database. The participants were divided into four groups based on the SHR quartiles. The primary outcome measured was 28-day ICU mortality. We employed Cox proportional hazards regression analysis and restricted cubic splines to evaluate the correlation between the SHR and clinical outcomes in patients with PE. Results The study included 1185 patients, of which 53.3% were male. The rates of mortality observed in the ICU were 19.8%. By conducting multivariable Cox proportional hazards, it was determined that the SHR was independently associated with a heightened risk of 28-day ICU mortality (HR = 1.83 per 1-point increment, 95% CI = 1.07-3.13, p = 0.028).The analysis using restricted cubic splines showed that there was a consistent and gradually increasing risk of all-cause mortality as the SHR increased. This indicates that a higher SHR is associated with a higher risk of ICU mortality. Conclusions Elevated SHR was strongly linked to a higher risk of clinical outcomes in patients with PE. As an effective measure of stress hyperglycemia, SHR demonstrated superior performance in predicting risks compared to solely evaluating glycemia or HbA1c upon admission.

Wear of Enamel Antagonist to Polished vs Glazed Zirconia-reinforced Lithium Silicate Crowns (Randomized Clinical Trial)

Substance use among young people in the West Arsi Zone, Ethiopia: A cross-sectional study

Introduction Substance use is a pressing public health concern in young Ethiopians, impacting their physical, psychosocial, and emotional well-being and productivity. However, there is a limited understanding of the prevalence and factors associated with substance use in this population both across Ethiopia and in the West Arsi zone specifically. This study investigates the prevalence of substance use and associated factors among young people in the West Arsi Zone, Ethiopia. Methods A community-based cross-sectional survey was conducted among 427 randomly selected young people aged 14–29 in the West Arsi zone of the Oromia region, Ethiopia. Data were collected using structured interviewer-administered questionnaires. Logistic regression analysis was performed to determine the association between the outcome and independent variables. Ethical approval was obtained from the University of Technology Sydney, Australia, and Madda Walabu University, Ethiopia. Results A total of 424 participants were included in the analysis, giving a response rate of 99.3%. The overall lifetime prevalence of any substance use among the study participants was 48.1% (95% CI: 43.3%, 53.0%) and the prevalence of current substance use was 72.5% (95% CI: 65.9, 78.5). Among lifetime users, 76.5% reported chewing khat, 49.0% drinking alcohol, 33.3% using various forms of tobacco, and 23.0% using cannabis. Being male, having a single marital status, a family history of substance use, low perceived social support, and the presence of mental health conditions were associated with an increased likelihood of substance use. Conclusions About half of the study participants reported a history of use of at least one substance from alcohol, khat, tobacco, or cannabis in their lifetime, highlighting the need for appropriate focused interventions to help address the growing challenges of substance use amongst young people in Ethiopia.

Predictive value of uric acid to albumin ratio for carotid atherosclerosis in type 2 diabetes mellitus: A retrospective study

Background This study aims to evaluate the correlation between the uric acid (UA) to albumin (ALB) ratio (UAR) and carotid atherosclerosis (CAS) in patients with type 2 diabetes mellitus (T2DM), as well as to assess the predictive value of UAR for CAS. Methods A cross-sectional, single-center study was conducted, retrospectively analyzing hematological parameters from 259 T2DM patients with CAS (T2DM-CAS) and 131 T2DM patients without CAS (T2DM-WCAS). Carotid intima-media thickness (IMT) and carotid plaques (CAP) were measured using Doppler ultrasound. Results The UAR level in the T2DM-CAS group was significantly higher than that in the T2DM-WCAS group (P <  0.001). Multivariate logistic regression analysis revealed that UAR is an independent risk factor for T2DM-CAS (P <  0.001). The area under the ROC curve (AUC) for UAR in predicting T2DM-CAS was 0.712, with a Youden index of 0.278. Conclusion High levels of UAR are closely associated with the occurrence of T2DM-CAS and may serve as a useful biomarker for predicting T2DM-CAS.

Integrated analysis and single-cell sequencing of mitochondrial metabolism related gene molecular subtype and diagnostic model in ulcerative colitis

Ulcerative colitis (UC) is a chronic inflammatory bowel disease that seriously affects the life expectancy of patients. Although increasingly sophisticated combinations of drugs can alleviate symptoms, 10–20% of patients still do not respond well. Therefore, it is necessary to further explore the pathogenesis and potential biomarkers of UC. Many clues have suggested the important value of mitochondrial metabolism in UC, but its role and related targets need to be further explored. By public database data, we identified differentially expressed mitochondrial metabolism related genes (MMRG) in UC. Subsequently, we identified biomarkers associated with MMRG based on a machine learning approach. After classifying the MMRG-associated molecular subtypes of UC, we comprehensively analyzed the MMRG biomarkers and the relationship between the MMRG molecular subtypes and immune infiltration characteristics. Single-cell sequencing analysis showed significant expression pattern of MMRG signatures in different cell subtypes. qRT-PCR and western blot further confirmed the abnormal expressions of selected genes in vitro. Our findings provided a new perspective on the role of MMRG in UC.

A randomized controlled trial of a family-based HIV/STI prevention program for Black girls and male caregivers in Chicago: IMAGE study protocol paper

Black girls are disproportionately impacted by HIV and STIs in the United States. Black male caregivers are underutilized in family-based HIV/STI prevention programming and offer a novel opportunity to protect Black girls. This study will evaluate the efficacy and implementation of an HIV/STI prevention program delivered to Black girls and male caregivers in community settings. IMAGE: IMARA for the Male Caregivers and Girls Empowerment was adapted from IMARA, an evidence-based mother-daughter intervention to decrease HIV/STI infection and increase communication and healthy relationships among girls and their male caregivers. Using an efficacy implementation design, we will test the effectiveness of IMAGE compared to a time-matched general health promotion program across six community-based organizations. Aim one will evaluate IMAGE in a 2-arm randomized controlled trial with 300 14-18-year-old Black girls and their male caregiver dyads in Chicago, IL. We hypothesize that girls who receive IMAGE will have lower STI incidence (primary outcome), fewer sexual partners, and more consistent condom use (secondary outcomes) at 6- and 12-months compared to girls in the health promotion program. Guided by the 3-Step Implementation Model, our second aim is to identify and describe factors (barriers, facilitators) and processes affecting implementation in community settings. HIV and STI disparities go beyond individual-level factors, and male caregivers may protect girls by being a sexual health resource. This study will facilitate rapid CBO uptake and ownership of IMAGE if effective. Trial Registration: ClinicalTrials.gov NCT06266416

The impact of self-isolation on psychological wellbeing in adults and how to reduce it: A systematic review

Objective To synthesise evidence on the impact of self-isolation at home on the psychological and emotional wellbeing of adults in the general population during the COVID-19 pandemic. Methods This systematic review was registered on PROSPERO (CRD42022378140). We searched Medline, PsycINFO, Web of Science, Embase, and grey literature. Wellbeing included adverse mental health outcomes and adaptive wellbeing. We followed PRISMA and synthesis without meta-analysis (SWiM) guidelines. We extracted data on the impact of self-isolation on wellbeing, and factors associated with and interventions targeting wellbeing during self-isolation. Results Thirty-six studies were included. The mode quality rating was ‘high-risk’. Depressive and anxiety symptoms were most investigated. Evidence for an impact of self-isolation on wellbeing was often inconsistent in quantitative studies, although qualitative studies consistently reported a negative impact. People with pre-existing mental and physical health needs reported increased symptoms of mental ill health during self-isolation. Studies reported modifiable stressors that have been reported in previous infectious disease contexts, such as inadequate support, poor coping strategies, inadequate and conflicting information, and highlighted the importance of regular contact from trusted healthcare professionals. Interventions targeting psychological wellbeing were rare and evaluative studies of these had high or very high risk of bias. Conclusion When implementing self-isolation directives, public health officials should prioritise support for individuals who have pre-existing mental or physical health needs, lack support, or who are facing significant life stressors. Focus should be directed toward interventions that address loneliness, worries, and misinformation, whilst monitoring and identifying individuals in need of additional support.

Epigenome-wide methylation analysis shows phosphonoethylamine alleviates aberrant DNA methylation in NASH caused by Pcyt2 deficiency

Background Aberrant DNA methylation can lead to the onset of pathological phenotypes and is increasingly being implicated in age-related metabolic diseases. In our preceding study we show that the heterozygous ablation of Pcyt2, the rate limiting enzyme in phosphatidylethanolamine (PE) synthesis, causes an age-dependent development of non-alcoholic steatohepatitis (NASH), and that treatment with the Pcyt2 substrate phosphonoethylamine (PEA) can attenuate phenotypic NASH pathologies. Here, we hypothesize that abnormal DNA methylation patterns underly the development of Pcyt2 + /- NASH. In this study, we conduct an epigenome-wide methylation analysis to characterize the differential methylation of Pcyt2 + /- livers and investigate whether the attenuation of NASH with PEA treatment is associated with changes in DNA methylation. Results Pcyt2 + /- NASH liver experiences significant alterations in DNA methylation pattens relative to Pcyt2 + / + . Differentially methylated genes belong to pathways including PI3K-Akt signalling pathway, Foxo signalling pathway, oxidative phosphorylation and insulin signalling/secretion, indicating that epigenetic regulation underlies many of our previously established functional pathological mechanisms of Pcyt2 + /- NASH. Previously unidentified pathways during Pcyt2 deficiency are highlighted, such as cell cycle regulation and cellular senescence that may contribute to NASH development. Treatment with PEA dramatically attenuates aberrant total and protein-coding DNA methylation patterns by 96%. PEA treatment restored the methylation status of key genes involved in epigenetic modifications and induced differential methylation of genes associated with obesity and T2DM such as Adyc3, Celsr2, Fam63b. Conclusion The Pcyt2 + /- liver methylome and transcriptome is altered and likely underlies much of the pathology in Pcyt2 + /- NASH phenotype. The treatment with PEA significantly attenuates aberrant DNA methylation in Pcyt2 + /- liver and corrects the DNA methylation of genes involved in the pathogenesis of NASH, indicating its therapeutic potential. This analysis provides critical insight into the epigenetic basis of NASH pathophysiology and suggests diagnostic markers and therapeutic targets.

Observation of upstream particle movement without the involvement of the marangoni effect

Upstream Contamination is a counter-intuitive phenomena of fluid dynamics, where particles can go against the liquid stream and climb, higher containers. Previous studies have attributed the movement of particles against the flow of water to the Marangoni effect, where surface tension gradients drive fluid movement. However, the effect was not enough to account for the motion of particles. Meanwhile, this study challenges that explanation by documenting the ascent of fine particles of Iron Fillings, through a water jet where the lower container exhibited higher surface tension due to an aqueous calcium chloride (CaCl2) solution. Contrary to the Marangoni effect, which predicts that particles should move from areas of lower to higher surface tension, our observations showed that the particles can move upwards even from a higher surface tension to a lower surface tension region. Afterward, other factors influencing this phenomenon were studied, including the height of the upper container from the lower one, the angle between the channel and the horizontal axis, temperature, and surface tension gradient. Each of them, suggests that factors other than surface tension gradients, such as fluid dynamics and turbulence, play a significant role in particle behavior in these conditions. This study can help us understand how some ‘safe-ecosystems’, cell mechanisms and medicine production can be contaminated in an unthinkable way so that these contaminators can be prevented and a safer ecosystem and medicare development can be ensured and steps to safeguard protoplasm from harmful contaminants can be taken.

Effect of weathered on the pore characteristics of different rocks in coal-bearing strata

This study aims to explore how weathered controls the microscopic pore development of rocks. Siltstones to coarse sandstones were selected from the main rocks of the Jurassic strata of the northern Ordos Basin. The pore structure, mineral composition, the pore size distribution (PSD), porosity, permeability and fractal characteristics of unweathered and weathered rocks were analysed using a combination of X-ray diffraction (XRD), scanning electron microscopy (SEM) and low-field nuclear magnetic resonance (LF-NMR). The study showed that the microstructure of different sandstones has obvious differences, the total porosity and permeability of rocks are usually positively correlated with the grain size of the rock, and the microscopic pore structure of rocks of the same lithology changes from small pore type to large pore type after weathered. The results show that weathered rocks had the same mineral composition as unweathered rocks specimens but different intensity peaks. It can be clearly seen that the intensity of clay minerals significantly increased in the weathered rock. whereas the proportion of quartz and feldspar decreases correspondingly. The proportion of clay minerals present in the sandstone increases from 4.75% to 13.25% as a consequence of weathered. The sandstone, which exhibited a greater proportion of micropores and fine pores prior to weathered, demonstrated a higher prevalence of macropores and a corresponding increase in fractal dimensions following weathered. The fractal dimensions D1, D2, and DT of the various lithologies exhibited an overall decreasing trend with an increase in particle size. It should be noted that a rock with the same fractal dimension or porosity may exhibit different microporous structures. The research results play an important theoretical support for the prediction of the degree of water enrichment when encountering the weathered sandstone in the process of coal mining, and have an important theoretical significance for the prevention of water hazards that may be encountered in the process of coal mining.

Newcomb-Benford number law and ecological processes

The Newcomb-Benford number law has found applications in the natural and social sciences for decades, with limited ecological attention. The aim of this communication is to highlight a statistical correspondence between the first significant digit frequencies of the Benford probability distribution and ecological systems in a balanced state of dynamic equilibrium. Analytical methods, including multidimensional Euclidean distance, Cohen-W effect size, Kossovsky sum of squared deviations (SSD), and Pearson residuals are presented to facilitate the identification of this canonical representation across multiple levels of ecological organization and scale. Case studies reveal novel applications of the Benford distribution for detecting impending state transitions in marginally stable systems, as well as temporal and spatial divergence of ecological information through the measurement of Kullback-Leibler relative entropy. Widespread documentation of the leading digit phenomenon is expected as ecologists revisit empirical datasets and formalize sampling protocols for its detection. The conversion of randomly collected sets of arithmetic data into logarithmic probabilities of first significant digits presents unique opportunities to advance our understanding of ecological processes related with stability, complexity, and maturity.

Translators as mediators to mend the psychological gap between source text and target text: A corpus-based study on the Chinese English translation of modal verbs in the Chinese Report on the Work of the Government (2000–2022)

This study examines the role of translators as mediators in bridging the psychological gap between source text (ST) and target text (TT) through a corpus-based analysis of Chinese English translation of modal verbs in the Chinese Report on the Work of the Government from 2000 to 2022. The research reveals that translators frequently modulate high-value Chinese modals into medium or low-value English equivalents. This strategic modulation, along with the use of explicitation and implicitation, reflects the translators’ efforts to balance source text fidelity with target text acceptability. The findings underscore the translators’ role in adapting authoritative Chinese political discourse to align with expectations of the international audiences, thereby facilitating effective cross-cultural communication. This study contributes to translation studies by providing insights into the translation of modality in political texts and emphasizing the critical role of translators in mediating linguistic and cultural differences.

Development and comparison of single FLT3-inhibitors to dual FLT3/TAF1-inhibitors as an anti-leukemic approach

Acute myeloid leukemia (AML) is characterized by several recurrent mutations that affect disease biology and phenotype, response to therapy and risk of subsequent relapse. Though tyrosine kinase inhibitors have gained regulatory approval for the treatment of AML, it is unclear whether single drugs targeting a specific genomic alteration will be sufficient to eradicate disease. Fortuitously, kinase/bromodomain inhibitors allow targeting of downstream transcriptional effectors of oncogenic pathways, allowing impediment of drug resistance at the transcriptional level. Successful development of combinatorial therapeutic strategies to inhibit both upstream oncogenic pathways and their downstream effectors could thus impede the onset of resistant disease. By using a combination of high-throughput cell-based screening assays and structure-based design, we have developed a novel anti-proliferative 3i-compound scaffold with a diverse range of single and dual FLT3/TAF1(2) activity against AML. Our novel approach to target both FLT3 kinase and TAF1(2) bromodomain efficiently maintained potency against haematological cancers. However, reference compounds and in vitro cell viability and cytotoxicity assays in cancer cell lines demonstrated superior effects of high affinity tyrosine kinase inhibition compared to inhibition of the TAF1 bromodomain. Our results highlight the feasibility of dual tyrosine kinase-bromodomain targeting to overcome disease mechanisms while also revealing the increased efficacy of FLT3-targeted compounds in AML.

Functional profiling of synthetic camel milk-derived peptides with implication in glucose transport and diabetes

We previously identified protein hydrolysates from camel milk (CM) targeting dipeptidyl peptidase IV (DPP-IV) and insulin receptor (IR) activity. In this study, we synthesized nine peptides (P1 to P9) derived from such CM hydrolysates and profiled their potential bioactivity in vitro and in silico. This aims to validate and determine if such synthetic and pure CM-derived peptides are bioactive on IR function and glucose uptake using pharmacological and functional approaches in human embryonic kidney (HEK293) and human hepato-carcinoma (HepG2) cells. Our bioluminescence resonance energy transfer (BRET) results showed a partial activity of most peptides on IR activity in HEK293 cells ranging from 13 ± 1% to 65 ± 4%, and their potency varies from 3.13 ± 1.72 μg/ml to 12.30 ± 5.66 μg/ml. Combining the saturating dose (0.1 mg/ml) of peptides with insulin (1 μM) revealed three different profiles: non-efficient, potentiating, and antagonistic peptides. The potentiating effect of the peptides was from 104 ± 18% to 147 ± 11%, with one peptide (P2) reducing insulin’s response to 52 ± 8%. Moreover, the peptides slightly promoted IR and AKT phosphorylation and glucose uptake in HepG2 cells with an efficacy of 56 ± 9% to 150 ± 18% on glucose transport. Our molecular docking study on the insulin-bound IR complex identified a potential allosteric binding site for specific bioactive peptides. Overall, our data confirmed the bioactivity of the synthetic CM-derived peptides on IR, AKT, and glucose uptake, consistent with the previous study on CM hydrolysates. The synthesis of the peptides and their validation provide further molecular insights into the antidiabetic action of CM. The study should pave the way for further in vitro and in vivo characterization of the peptides and developing potent and safe antidiabetic drugs based on the different CM-derived peptides described here.