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Social support and physical exercise: The mediating role of achievement emotions, and the moderating role of exercise motivation and feedback literacy
Objective While research on physical exercise has predominantly focused on rational decision-making behaviors related to health benefits, comparatively less attention has been paid to achievement emotion and its role in promoting physical exercise. Building upon dual-system theory (DST), this study examines whether achievement emotion mediates between social support and physical exercise, integrating expected value and information processing theories. It also explores how this mediation effect depends on sports motivation and feedback literacy. Methods A questionnaire survey was conducted among 534 college students (281 male, 253 female). Data were analysed using hierarchical regression procedures in terms of moderated mediation. Results The results show that achievement emotion partially mediates the relationship between social support and physical exercise. Specifically, the interaction of social support × sports motivation indicates that the strength of the relationship between social support and achievement emotion increases linearly with higher levels of sports motivation; similarly, the interaction of social support × feedback literacy indicates that the strength of the relationship between social support and physical exercise also increases linearly through feedback literacy level. Finally, the interaction of achievement emotion × feedback literacy indicates that the strength of the relationship between achievement emotion and physical exercise increases linearly through feedback literacy level. Conclusions These findings suggest that attention should be paid to achievement emotion, sports motivation, and feedback literacy when designing social support interventions to promote physical exercise. This research provides a theoretical reference for improving levels of physical exercise among college students.
Integrated lncRNA and mRNA analysis reveals the immune modulatory mechanisms of antimicrobial peptide BSN-37 in mouse peritoneal macrophages
Image based fog density estimation
Although the application of image-based fog density estimation brings excellent convenience and low-cost methods, the accuracy of such methods still needs to be improved, and further research is encouraged on accuracy evaluation methods. To improve the accuracy and computational efficiency of fog density estimation in images, we first construct three image features based on the image dark channel information, the image saturation information, and the proportion of gray noise points, respectively. Then, we use a feature fusion method to estimate fog density in the images. In addition, two indicators have been constructed to evaluate the accuracy of various fog density estimation methods. These two indicators are the sequential error indicator and the proportional error indicator, which are calculated using fog image sequences with known density values. These two new indicators enable the evaluation of any fog density estimation method in terms of the ability to maintain order and ratio values. The experimental results show that the proposed method can effectively estimate the fog densities of images and display the best performance among the eight latest image-based methods for estimating fog density; the three features used in the proposed method significantly impact the effectiveness of image-based fog density estimation. The proposed method has been illustrated for fog density analysis of indoor and outdoor surveillance videos. The source code is available at https://github.com/Dai-MR/ImageFogDensityEsitmation.
Downregulation of cGAS/STING expression in tumor cells by cancer-associated fibroblasts in colorectal cancer
Abstract The tumor cell-intrinsic cyclic GMP–AMP synthase (cGAS)–stimulator of interferon genes (STING) pathway is critical for activating anti-tumor immunity and enhancing immune checkpoint blockade therapy in colorectal cancer (CRC). Cancer-associated fibroblasts (CAFs), key components of the CRC tumor microenvironment, negatively regulate the anti-tumor immune response. However, their impact on tumor cell-intrinsic cGAS–STING expression remains unclear. In the present study, we investigated whether CAFs can downregulate cGAS–STING expression in CRC. We found that cGAS–STING expression in tumor cells inversely correlated with stromal expression of versican (VCAN), an immunosuppressive CAF marker, in CRC tissues. Co-culture experiments using primary human CAFs derived from CRC tissues revealed that CAFs downregulated cGAS and/or STING expression in CRC cell lines (WiDr, LoVo, HCT116). Furthermore, CAFs expressing VCAN and fibronectin 1 appeared to mediate this suppression. These findings suggest that immunosuppressive CAFs contribute to the downregulation of tumor cell-intrinsic cGAS–STING expression in CRC. Therefore, targeting CAFs to restore cGAS–STING expression may represent a promising strategy to enhance the efficacy of CRC treatment.
Comparative repeatome analysis of Pyrgomorphidae and Acrididae (Orthoptera: Caelifera) revealed the contribution of repetitive DNA in genome gigantism
Eukaryotic genomes are often rich in DNA repetitive elements, involving both transposable elements (TE) and tandemly repeated satellite DNA. Grasshopper species, known for their large genome sizes, comprising relatively a high proportion of genomic repeats. This study aimed to identify and perform a comparative analysis of DNA repetitive content in eight grasshopper species from the Pyrgomorphidae and Acrididae families. We utilized unassembled low-coverage Illumina paired-end short reads in the RepeatExplorer2 pipeline to identify genomic repeats, and RepeatMasker to estimate their abundance and divergence activity. Flow cytometry estimated genome sizes, ranging from 1C = 7.670 pg to 18.612 pg, with Aularches miliaris (18.612 pg) being the second largest insect genome reported to date. The repeat content ranged from 51% to 74%, with a mean value of 64.26% of the total genome. The major identified repeat elements included LINE, Ty3_Gypsy, Penelope, Ty1-copia, Helitron, Maverick, and satellite repeats, with LINE elements being the most abundant, constituting 24% to 54% of the total repetitive content in Apalacris varicornis and A. miliaris, respectively. The positive correlation of repetitive content and TEs with genome size suggests that their expansion has contributed to the large genome sizes observed. Satellite DNA analysis identified 65 satDNA families across the eight species. Additionally, phylogenetic analysis of TE protein domains revealed that consensus sequences from the same domain cluster together, suggesting domain-specific evolutionary pathways for TEs in the genome. This study reveals new dynamics into the role of repetitive DNA in genome gigantism as well as other evolutionary mechanisms in the Pyrgomorphidae and Acrididae families of Orthoptera.
Potential surrogate endpoint for B-cell hematologic malignancy: A systematic review and meta-analysis
Optimizing low-carbon strategies in dual-channel supply chains: A quantum game perspective
The carbon emission management and resource allocation optimization of dual-channel supply chain are of great significance for promoting low-carbon economy and improving supply chain efficiency. In contrast to conventional game theory, Quantum game theory can describe the cooperation and competition of online and offline channels more flexibly through quantum entanglement, so as to overcome the limitations of traditional game theory. We study the application of quantum game theory in low-carbon economy and pricing strategies, and explore how to optimize pricing strategies and improve the low-carbon levels under different entanglement. Therefore, considering consumers’ preference for low-carbon products, this paper establishes a quantum game model to encourage low-carbon actions in the dual-channel supply chain. We discuss three models of centralized decision making, decentralized decision and quantum equilibrium, and analyze the optimal strategies of manufacturers under different entanglement. The results show that quantum game theory has significant advantages in low-carbon dual-channel supply chains. With the increase of quantum entanglement, the low-carbon production level and corporate profitability in the supply chain have been significantly improved, especially under the decentralized decision-making framework, quantum game equilibrium can promote low-carbon behavior and improve profits more than traditional game models. When the degree of entanglement approaches infinity, the total profit of supply chain enterprises using quantum strategy exceeds the profit of supply chain enterprises with centralized decision-making. It is important to note that quantum entanglement can significantly reduce the optimal wholesale and online sales prices for manufacturers. At the same time, the impact of quantum game on manufacturers’ decision-making is more significant than that on retailers, indicating that quantum entanglement shows different sensitivities in influencing the pricing and profitability strategies of different supply chain participants. This finding provides a new theoretical perspective and practical guidance for pricing strategies, firm cooperation and competition in low-carbon supply chains.
MET exon 14 skipping mutations in non-small-cell lung cancer a 3 years screening experience
A novel enhanced competition of tribes and cooperation of members algorithm for global optimization
The competition of tribes and cooperation of members algorithm (CTCM) is a novel swarm intelligence algorithm, which increases the diversity of the population to a certain extent through tribal competition and member cooperation mechanisms. However, when dealing with certain complex optimization problems, the algorithm may converge to a local optimal solution prematurely, thereby failing to reach the global optimal solution. To enhance the algorithm’s global optimization capabilities and stability, an enhanced CTCM (CTCMKT) is proposed, which integrates a joint strategy of Kent chaotic mapping and t- distribution mutation. This integration effectively prevents premature convergence to local optimal solutions, ensuring that the algorithm does not miss the global optimal solution during the optimization process and the algorithm’s stability is significantly enhanced. CEC2021 and 23 benchmark functions are used to test the effectiveness and feasibility of the CTCMKT. By minimizing the fitness value, the CTCMKT is contrasted with other algorithms. Experimental results reveal that the CTCMKT has a superior global optimization ability compared to these algorithms. It can efficiently balance exploration and exploitation to reach the optimal solution. Additionally, the CTCMKT can effectively boost the convergence speed, calculation accuracy, and stability. Engineering application results show that the improved CTCMKT algorithm can solve practical application problems.
Hyperpolarized [1-13C]pyruvate NMR spectroscopy reveals transition of tumor energy metabolism in microscale multicellular spheroids
Research on two-stage dynamic optimization model and algorithm for agricultural products joint distribution network based on vehicles and customers sharing under data-driven
Urban road traffic congestion and new customers and customer demands change in the distribution process have brought great challenges to the distribution of agricultural products. Meanwhile, the development of smart logistics makes it possible to share distribution resources, which can provide good help for the efficient distribution of agricultural products. Compared with the static optimization of the distribution network when traditional single enterprise distributes agricultural products, how to dynamically optimize the distribution network of agricultural products under resource sharing has become an urgent problem to be solved. Based on this, this paper takes the joint distribution network of agricultural products as the research object. Firstly, from the perspective of data-driven, it crawls the historical data of driving speed through Baidu map big data platform, and uses a BP neural network optimized by genetic algorithm to predict the driving speed of vehicles in different periods. Secondly, based on the idea of pre-optimization and dynamic adjustment, a two-stage dynamic optimization model of agricultural products joint distribution network under vehicles and customers sharing is established. On this basis, considering the changes of customer demands and the speed of distribution network, a partheno-genetic hybrid simulated annealing algorithm is designed to solve the model by using the idea of disruption event processing combining immediate processing and scheduled batch processing. Finally, the correctness of the model is analyzed through numerical experiments, and the effectiveness of the proposed algorithm, the joint distribution strategy, and the disruption event processing idea of combining immediate processing and scheduled batch processing is analyzed. The research results provide a theoretical basis for agricultural products distribution enterprises to formulate efficient and scientific joint distribution scheme.
Association between attention-deficit/hyperactivity disorders and intestinal disorders: A systematic review and Meta-analysis
Abstract Patients with attention-deficit hyperactivity disorder (ADHD) reported significantly more constipation and flatulence than healthy controls. An altered gut microbiome can be associated with gastrointestinal symptoms. However, comprehensive information about associated risk of intestinal disorders and ADHD remains limited. A systematic review of the literature was therefore conducted to investigate the association between ADHD and different types of intestinal disorders. A total of 11 studies with 3,851,163 unique individuals, including 175 806 individuals with ADHD and 3 675 357 individuals without ADHD were included. The pooled OR of intestinal disorders for individuals with ADHD was 1.25 (95%CI, 0.75–2.07). A significant positive association was found between ADHD and irritable bowel syndrome (IBS) (OR 1.63 [95% CI 1.45–1.83]). Studies conducted in Eastern Mediterranean Region yielded a summary OR estimate that was higher than summary OR estimates in studies conducted in Region of the Americas, European Region and Western Pacific Region (3.03 [1.53–5.99] vs. 2.20 [1.05–4.63], 1.04 [0.44–2.41], 0.68 [0.25–1.87]), with p value 0.053, indicating a trend towards significance. High heterogeneity was observed. Our study supports association between ADHD and increased risk of IBS. Our study suggests an altered gut microbiome is the potential link that bridges gap between ADHD and intestinal disorder.
Prevalence and determinants of allergic rhinitis among high school students exposed to industry allergens in Eastern Ethiopia
Introduction Allergic rhinitis (AR), a common chronic disease triggered by allergens, often leads to school absenteeism in students. Investigating its magnitude and risk factors may play an important role in preventing the disease. Hence, this study aimed to assess the prevalence of allergic rhinitis and associated factors among high school students living in industrial areas in Eastern Ethiopia. Methods A school-based cross-sectional study design was conducted in September 2023 among 442 randomly selected high school students. Data was collected using a structured self-administered questionnaire. Questions on allergic disease symptoms were based on the International Study of Asthma and Allergies in Children (ISAAC) core allergy and environmental questionnaire. Binary logistic regression analysis was done to identify the factors associated with allergic rhinitis. Finally, Adjusted Odds Ratio (AOR), 95% Confidence interval and P-value less than 0.05 was used to judge the statistical significance. Results This study found that the magnitude of allergic rhinitis was 20.7% (95% CI: 17.0%, 24.8%). Similarly, this study identified that a family history of allergic rhinitis (AOR: 2.99, 95% CI: 1.42–6.29) and living with a smoker in the household (AOR: 3.63, 95% CI: 1.22–10.78) were significant risk factors. Conversely, living in a house far from traffic roads (AOR: 0.32, 95% CI: 0.15–0.67) and far from factories (AOR: 0.10, 95% CI: 0.03–0.31) were protective factors against allergic rhinitis. Conclusions The current study found a lower magnitude of allergic rhinitis compared to the previous studies conducted in African countries. Having a smoker family member, distance between the house and nearest traffic road, distance between the house and nearest factory, and family history of allergy rhinitis were factors associated with allergy rhinitis. Hence, provision of health education to encourage people to stop smoking is strongly recommended. Similarly, persons with a family history of allergic rhinitis should minimize exposure to polluted environment and other trigger factors.
AI-driven mangrove mapping on Farasan Islands, Saudi Arabia: enhancing the detection of dispersed patches with ML classifiers
Development of a novel and viable knock-in factor V deficiency murine model: Utility for an ultra-rare disease
Factor V deficiency is a congenital coagulation disorder characterized by the absence or malfunction of factor V (FV). The purpose of this study was to develop a viable FV-deficient mouse model using CRISPR/Cas9 technology. A viable pathological model of the disease was not available to develop new therapies. A previous in silico study was performed to select a mutation causing a mild disease phenotype in humans (Thr1898Met missense). Such mutation was replicated in mice by CRISPR-mediated homology directed repair. Following crossing, homozygous individuals were subjected to coagulometry assays, including FV levels, prothrombin time (PT), and activated partial thromboplastin time (aPTT). The in silico study suggested that the mutation destabilizes FV structure of both mouse and human variants, putatively producing a mild phenotype of the disease in mice. Mendelian inheritance was observed in the offspring. No spontaneous signs of blood clotting disturbances, premature deaths or gestational dysfunctions were observed. FV levels in homozygous animals were 24.5% ± 5.1; 39.7 sec ± 2.8; PT was 61.8% ± 6.3; 23.4 sec ± 1.6 (INR = 1.47 ± 0.12); and aPTT was 46.9 sec ± 3.2. A viable FV-deficient mouse model was generated by introducing a missense mutation in FV. The model exhibits a mild phenotype of the disease, akin to that observed in humans.
Regeneration and rooting of the endangered Juniperus excelsa as affected by different culture media
Perspectives of healthcare providers in family planning centers on increasing pre-exposure prophylaxis uptake among women who have migrated from sub-Saharan Africa to France
Pre-exposure prophylaxis (PrEP) for HIV remains largely underused among women who have migrated from sub-Saharan Africa (WMSSA), despite their accounting for a significant proportion of new HIV diagnoses in France and Western European countries. To expand PrEP reach, we explored healthcare providers’ perspectives on PrEP implementation within family planning centers (FPCs) in the Paris region through focus groups. The focus group discussion guide and rapid content analysis were informed by the Consolidated Framework for Implementation Research (CFIR) 2.0, which uses five domains to capture implementation determinants (Innovation, Outer Setting, Inner Setting, Individuals, and Implementation Process). Twenty providers participated across five focus groups and one key informant interview (median age 45; 80% women, 70% physicians). Oral PrEP was seen as easy to prescribe, but providers advocated for choices beyond the daily pill for better acceptability. While providers recognized increased HIV prevention needs among WMSSA, they found low PrEP demand among women stemming from a lack of knowledge. Although providers acknowledged that PrEP aligned with FPC missions, they cited significant implementation barriers, including limited resources, staff shortages, insufficient on-site capacity, competing priorities, and physicians being the sole prescribers. Provider-level implementation challenges included insufficient training and discomfort in discussing HIV risk and PrEP with WMSSA. Recommendations for implementing PrEP within FPCs included provider training and mentorship, tailored information campaigns for WMSSA, flexible delivery processes, support groups for women, and authorizing midwives and nurses to prescribe PrEP. These results support the need for tailored and multi-level implementation strategies to increase PrEP uptake among WMSSA attending FPCs in France.
The effect of intelligent reflecting surfaces on spectral efficiency in 6G wireless systems
Abstract Intelligent Reflecting Surfaces (IRSs), comprised of numerous reflecting elements, offer a promising solution for enhancing wireless communication. By manipulating the wireless propagation environment, IRSs can mitigate the effects of non-line-of-sight propagation and extend signal coverage. This paper focuses on the performance of an IRS-aided wireless communication system when the direct link between the Base Station (BS) and receiver is obstructed, relying solely on the IRS for signal transmission, by using the pilot transmission and channel least square method in calculation of the received signal. We investigate the impact of IRS element components (effective capacitance $$C$$ , bottom layer inductance $${L}_{1}$$ , top layer inductance $${L}_{2}$$ , and effective resistance R) and the frequency of the incident signal on system performance. These components significantly have an influence on reflection coefficients, where higher values of them leads to an increase in the amplitude response of reflection coefficient and hence, stronger reflected signals. The variation of those components can adjust the phase response of the reflected signal. In this paper, assessment of performance of IRS-aided 6G wireless communication system for single user is studied. The received power, SNR, and the spectral efficiency were estimated and used as metrics for the system performance. It has been cleared that the received power, SNR and the spectral efficiency are increased with increasing the size of IRS and transmitted power for both of the strongest and weakest configuration. Also, it has been shown that the received power, SNR and the spectral efficiency are decreased with increasing the AP-IRS horizontal distance. Higher degree of bandwidth improves the received power and the spectral efficiency whereas it reduces the SNR. The performance comparison between the spectral efficiency of system with IRS and without IRS at different values of transmitted power and bandwidth is introduced. It is shown that, at bandwidth = 5 MHz, the system with IRS achieves nearly 3 times the spectral efficiency of the system without IRS and at bandwidth = 25 MHz, the system with IRS achieves nearly 14 times the spectral efficiency of the system without IRS. Also, at transmitted power = 0.5 Watt, the system with IRS achieves nearly 5 times the spectral efficiency of the system without IRS and at transmitted power = 2.5 Watt, the system with IRS achieves nearly 5.7 times the spectral efficiency of the system without IRS. So, The IRS can be used and aided in improvement of the spectral efficiency in 6G wireless communication. The evaluation of performance of IRS-aided wireless communication system in a multi-user scenario is discussed. The data rate, spectral and energy efficiency were evaluated by using four different methods (power method, uniform metal surface method, IRS with best pilot method and with the case of no IRS). It has been shown that the received power method and the best pilot method give the best data rate, spectral and energy efficiency at any value for each of the transmitted power, the bandwidth, the size of IRS and AP-IRS horizontal distance and consequently, enhance the performance of IRS- aided 6G wireless communication system.
A statistical analysis of causal factors influencing college student’s willingness to consume digital music
Determining the causal factors influencing college students’ willingness to consume digital music in China is crucial given the rapid integration of digital technology with the traditional music industry. Chengdu, as a rapidly developing city in China with a thriving youth culture and a significant presence of higher education institutions, provides an ideal setting to explore the factors influencing college students’ willingness to consume digital music. Using a mixed-method approach and a sample of 431 college students from various universities in Chengdu, this research examines the impact of perceived value, behavioral attitude, subjective norms, user participation, user stickiness, and psychological needs on digital music consumption intention. The empirical results show that these factors jointly affect consumption intention, with user stickiness and psychological needs serving as mediators. Specifically, perceived value, behavioral attitude, subjective norms, and user participation have a significant positive impact on consumption intention. These findings provide valuable insights for digital music platforms and the music industry to develop targeted marketing strategies and services tailored to the demands and behaviors of college students in Chengdu.