Browse Articles
Discover research articles across all indexed journals
Maximizing multi-source data integration and minimizing the parameters for greenhouse tomato crop water requirement prediction
The effect of aging in thin films in the picosecond sonar experiment
In vivo anti-inflammatory evaluation of oxadiazole derivatives bearing flurbiprofen moiety using experimental and computational approaches
Premarital intervention based on attachment and differentiation improves communication and conflict management in Iranian couples
A blockchain-based deep learning approach for student course recommendation and secure digital certification
Abstract Over the past decade, the student course recommendation process with secure certificate issuance has remained a critical research area due to the rise of e-learning and personalized learning. The recommendation system enhances the recommended educational resources to improve the students’ learning process. The previous conventional research works shared hybrid content and collaborative filtering techniques, which boosted academic performance, personalized learning, and secure certification for students. However, the existing techniques faced several difficulties in handling the syllabus updates based on evolving recommendations, complexity, and security issues related to certificate issuance. To address the challenges in the existing techniques, the research introduces the Deep Certifier-DX509 model for secure certificate issuance and student course recommendation. The proposed approach exploits the Modified Attention-Enabled Deep Long Short-Term Memory (MA-DLSTM) Model as a recommendation system to suggest the most suitable courses based on users’ prior academic performance, and integrates X509 as the Certificate generation algorithm. Specifically, the incorporation of the X509 Blockchain with Proof-of-Work (PoW) in the certificate sub-system serves as a major contribution to enhance the security with Two-step authentication and generates accurate course recommendations. Experimental results demonstrate that the proposed Deep Certifier-DX509 model shows superior performance, achieving a high Genuine User Rate (GUR) of 0.73, Memory Usage of 453.81KB, Transaction time of 1.03 s, Responsiveness of 2.39s and Throughput of 119.52bps, outperforming the other existing techniques.
Dynamics analysis of a cam with flat-bottomed follower system
A novel method for assessing postmortem interval using radon radioisotopic decay – an internal radon ‘time of death clock’
Prevalence and associated factors of overweight, obesity, and central obesity among adults in Northern Sudan: a community-based cross-sectional study
Mathematical modeling of blood flow with copper and graphene nanoparticles in inclined stenotic arteries
Therapeutic potential of human mesenchymal stromal cell-derived mitochondria in a rat model of surgical digestive fistula
Abstract Mitochondria are central to cellular energy metabolism and play a critical role in tissue regeneration. Mitochondrial dysfunction contributes to a range of degenerative conditions and impaired wound healing, driving increasing interest in mitochondrial transplantation as a novel therapeutic strategy. Gastrointestinal wound healing is particularly susceptible to failure, with complications such as post-surgical fistula formation commonly occurring after procedures like sleeve gastrectomy. Mitochondria derived from human mesenchymal stromal/stem cells (hMSCs) have shown promise in restoring tissue bioenergetics and promoting repair across various disease models. In this study, we evaluated the therapeutic potential of hMSC-derived mitochondria as a nano-biotherapy for gastrointestinal wound healing using a rat model of post-operative fistula. Structurally intact mitochondria were isolated from hMSCs and either applied to human colonic epithelial cells (HCEC-1CT) in vitro or transplanted locally into fistula-bearing rats. Mitochondrial treatment led to a dose-dependent increase in cellular metabolic activity, intracellular ATP levels, and mitochondrial uptake by recipient cells. In vivo, mitochondrial transplantation significantly accelerated fistula closure and tissue regeneration compared to controls. These findings underscore the translational promise of mitochondria-based, cell-free therapies and lay the groundwork for future regenerative strategies targeting gastrointestinal wound repair.
Critical risks of haemoadsorption for COVID-19 patients and directions for future evaluations: a nationwide propensity score matched cohort study
Abstract Haemoadsorption has been suggested as treatment adjunct for sepsis and septic shock, cardiac surgery, acute respiratory distress syndrome, and coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19). Randomised clinical trials did not provide conclusive evidence for benefits and even suggest risks in COVID-19 patients. Retrospective observational cohort study based on hospital remuneration data from all COVID-19 patients treated in intensive care units in Germany between 01/01/2020 and 12/31/2021. Regression modelling was performed for 1:1 propensity score matching of 2058 patients. Two-sided probability values for group comparisons and regression models with spline functions controlling for non-linear relationships and medically relevant interaction variables were calculated. In-hospital mortality of patients supported with haemoadsorption was significantly higher compared to matched control patients (74.6% vs. 70.3%, p = 0.0299). Haemoadsorption was associated with coagulopathy (68.0% vs. 54.9%, p < 0.0001), cardiac arrhythmia (49.2% vs. 44.2%, p = 0.0272), and cardiopulmonary resuscitation (CPR, 19.3% vs. 13.1%, p = 0.0002). Further, haemoadsorption increased the chance of death for COVID-19 patients without septic shock (odds ratio, OR [within a 95% confidence interval, CI]; 1.40 [1.05–1.86]) and did not improve survival of septic shock patients (1.19 [0.85–1.67]). Independent variables with a significant impact on mortality included the use of extracorporeal membrane oxygenation (ECMO, 2.15 [1.68–2.76]) and CPR (1.60 [1.03–2.45]). The timing of the haemoadsorption therapy had no effect on patients´ outcomes. Due to inconclusive evidence for benefit and potential harm, haemoadsorption therapy should be limited to thoroughly designed clinical trials before introduced into clinical routine in the context of COVID-19.
Assessing buprenorphine treatment utilization and SAMHSA DATA waiver provider distribution in 2021: a real-world analysis in California
Abstract Qualified clinicians previously required a practitioner waiver (i.e., “DATA-waiver” or "X-waiver") to offer buprenorphine, a medication for opioid use disorder (OUD). However, many counties in the US experience fewer buprenorphine prescriptions due to factors such as “DATA-waiver” providers underutilizing their buprenorphine prescribing ability. Our study aimed to compare the availability of active buprenorphine-prescribing clinicians in California to the Substance Abuse and Mental Health Services Administration (SAMSHA)-listed DATA waived prescribers under each 5-digit ZIP Code. This study utilized the buprenorphine prescription record data in 2021 from California’s Controlled Substance Utilization Review and Evaluation System (CURES). The list of the locators for all DATA-waiver clinicians was obtained from the SAMHSA webpage. Among 1,600 ZIP Codes where patients resided, 62.1% housed DATA-waived physicians, and 57.8% had active buprenorphine-prescribing clinicians. A disproportional distribution between buprenorphine-prescribing clinicians and DATA-waived physicians was evident. Among physicians listed in the SAMHSA roster, not all were actively prescribing buprenorphine. Significant disparities in access to active prescribers and DATA waiver prescribers persist between rural and urban areas in California. Addressing these issues requires resource allocation and inter-professional collaboration. The 2022 Omnibus bill’s policy changes hold promise, necessitating further effort into OUD-based policy changes.
Glucose stimulated CEST MRI pHe mapping for improved differentiation of tumors with altered hypoxia inducible factor 1alpha expression
Serum peptide biomarkers by MALDI-TOF MS coupled with machine learning for diagnosis and classification of hepato-pancreato-biliary cancers
A service-oriented microservice framework for differential privacy-based protection in industrial IoT smart applications
Reassessment of mechanical restitution in guinea pig cardiomyocytes through refined computational modelling
ALOX5 regulates vascular smooth muscle cells pyroptosis to affect abdominal aortic aneurysm formation
Abstract ALOX5 is a member of the lipoxygenase (LOX) family. It is ubiquitous in all tissues and cells of the human body and participates in cell metabolism, and is closely related to human inflammation and occurrence and development of various diseases. ALOX5 was reported to have a certain impact on occurrence and development of nervous system, respiratory system and cardiovascular system diseases. However, there are few reports on the effect of ALOX5 on abdominal aortic aneurysm (AAA). This study aims to clarify the relevant influence of ALOX5 on AAA occurrence or development, and explore the mechanism through which ALOX5 plays a role in AAA formation. The AAA mouse model was constructed by subcutaneous implantation of a permeable micropump and injection of angiotensin II. After different treatment, the morphology of abdominal artery was observed and photographed. The mean diameter of abdominal aorta and tumor formation rate were recorded in each group. The thickness and shape of blood vessel wall were observed by HE staining. Masson staining was used to observe distal vascular wall precipitation and vascular wall fibrosis. In the cell experiment, the level of related indexes was detected after adding angiotensin II to MA-VSMCs. The levels of inflammatory factors, ROS level, MDA level, SOD activity and LDH release were detected by ELISA. Related proteins were detected by Western blotting. ALOX5 mRNA level was assessed by RT-qPCR. Integrity of MA-VSMCs cell membrane was detected by Hoechst 33342/PI double staining kit. Ang-II induced ApoE−/− mice to establish AAA model successfully. ALOX5 expression was increased in the ApoE−/− mouse AAA model. Addition of ALOX5 inhibitor reduced the occurrence and severity of AAA as well as inflammatory, oxidative stress and pyroptotic protein levels in ApoE−/− mice. Down-regulation of ALOX5 inhibited LDH release, oxidative stress, inflammation and pyroptosis of MA-VASMCs induced by Ang II. After ALOX5 inhibition, the NF-κB pathway was inhibited. ALOX5 overexpression promoted the release of LDH, PI-positive cells, pyroptosis related protein expression, oxidative stress and inflammatory cytokine release induced by Ang II in MA-VSMCs, while they were reversed by BAY11-7082 (BAY, NF-κB inhibitors). This study confirmed that ALOX5 involved in AAA development. Adding ALOX5 inhibitors to animal modeling could delay AAA development. Silencing or overexpressing ALOX5 in MA-VSMCs induced by Ang II correspondingly decreased or increased inflammatory cytokines and pyroptosis. The addition of NF-κB pathway inhibitor BAY inhibited the increase of inflammatory factors and pyroptosis caused by ALOX5 overexpression. These results indicated that ALOX5 promoted pyroptosis through NF-κB pathway, and then promoted AAA development.