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Nurses knowledge attitude and practice in preventing osteoporosis complications in China
Structural characterization of uranium and lanthanide loaded borosilicate glass matrix
Abstract Borosilicate glass is a potential candidate for high-level radioactive waste conditioning, thus understanding the effects caused by the combined presence of uranium and actinides within these matrices is of great importance. The glass matrix was simultaneously loaded with UO3 and lanthanide oxides (CeO2, Nd2O3, and Eu2O3) as chemical surrogates for actinides. Neutron diffraction in combination with Reverse Monte Carlo simulation confirmed that the basic glass structure is comprised of tetrahedral SiO4, and BO3/BO4 units. X-ray absorption spectroscopy indicated the presence of Ce mainly as CeIII and the co-existence of UV and UVI. U acts as an intermediate oxide and reduces the number of four-coordinated B, lanthanide ions serve as modifiers, with their increasing concentration shifting the B-O coordination from 3 to 4. X-ray photoelectron spectroscopy revealed a depth-dependent variation in the UIV/UVI ratio. Leaching tests showed increased dissolution of Si, B, and Na, compared to the glass matrix.
Surface functionalized albumin nanoparticles of palbociclib with amplified brain delivery for treating brain glioblastoma
Immune profiling of canine B cell lymphoma reveals cross-species conservation of prognostic markers
Abstract Only 60% of patients with diffuse large B cell lymphoma are cured following standard of care therapies. While immune contexture is associated with outcomes in patients treated with chemotherapy, immune mechanisms driving differential therapeutic responses remain unclear. Here, we undertook a comparative analysis of dogs with spontaneous B cell lymphoma (BCL), which exhibit similar dichotomies in therapeutic outcome, to identify conserved and species-specific transcriptional and circulating biomarkers associated with remission duration. In addition, we compared treatment naive and relapsed samples to determine how treatment impacts immune contexture at the time of treatment failure. Among eighteen client-owned dogs with aggressive BCL undergoing multi-agent chemotherapy, comparative immune profiling revealed increased T cell transcripts associated with prolonged remissions and, as in humans, IL2RB expression was associated with favorable outcomes. Increased angiogenic markers were associated with shorter remissions. In treatment naive samples, macrophage associated cytokines were increased, whereas multiple T cell-associated transcripts were enriched in relapsed nodes. Collectively, our findings reveal that changes in immune composition are associated with varying chemotherapeutic outcomes in canine BCL and highlight the potential for comparative oncology approaches to identify factors associated with disease progression, providing insight for development and testing of novel therapeutic approaches.
Anticancer activity of triterpene glycosides from the sea star Solaster pacificus
Abstract Marine triterpene glycosides are known to exhibit significant anticancer activity. We investigated pacificusoside C and cucumariosides C 1 and C 2 isolated from a sea star Solaster pacificus in prostate cancer models with varying drug resistance and in non-cancerous cells in vitro. Cucumarioside C 1 showed selectivity comparable to cisplatin, whereas the other compounds were less selective. Cucumarioside C 1 induced apoptosis and enhanced cytotoxic effects of cisplatin, carboplatin, docetaxel, and cabazitaxel, making it a potential candidate for combination therapy. All three glycosides were active in docetaxel-resistant cells and were neither inhibitors nor substrates of P-glycoprotein, indicating P-glycoprotein-independent activity. To explore the mechanism of anticancer activity of cucumarioside C 1 , we performed functional kinome profiling of treated 22Rv1 cells, predicting activation of kinases involved in stress response and survival (IKKα, IKKβ, IKKε), necroptosis (MLKL), metabolism (GCN2, PDK1), cytoskeletal dynamics (RHOK), mitophagy (PINK1), apoptosis and cell cycle regulation (PITSLRE), and immune modulation (COT). Notably, only MAP kinases p38 and ERK1/2 were predicted to be specifically inhibited, that was further validated by Western blotting. These findings may potentially explain previously reported anticancer effects of cucumarioside C 1 and related marine glycosides. To our knowledge, this is the first study to report triterpene glycosides’ effects on the kinome of cancer cells.
Evidence of the consequences of the prolonged fire season on air quality and public health from 2024 São Paulo (Brazil) data
Immune cell subsets in autoimmune polyendocrine syndrome type I
Abstract Autoimmune Polyendocrine Syndrome Type 1 (APS-I) results from mutations in the Autoimmune Regulator (AIRE) gene and serves as a valuable model to understand autoimmunity and immune deficiency. Various studies have produced differing results on how AIRE dysfunction affects the balance of immune cell subsets in blood in humans. We conducted high-resolution whole blood immune cell subset analysis using a 36-panel mass cytometry assay in Norwegian APS-I patients (N = 18) and compared with age and sex-matched healthy subjects (N = 19). Additionally, we provide a comprehensive summary of findings from 28 other studies examining blood immune subset distributions in APS-I patients. Norwegian APS-I patients had significantly reduced numbers of B cells, which was driven by lower levels of the naïve and transitional B cell compartments. We further observed trends indicating reduced frequencies of NK cells, as well as deviations in CD16-expressing cells in several subsets in APS-I patients. Contrary to previous reports, our study did not find differences in regulatory T cell levels between APS-I patients and healthy controls. Several studies in our summary consistently reported lower frequencies of resting naïve B cells in APS-I patients and higher proportions of activated memory B cells in APS-I patients. The composition of other immune cell subsets was more diverse between studies, probably reflecting contributions by other factors like medications, ethnicity, disease complexity, insufficient sample sizes, time of sampling, ages, unique immune profiles and health conditions of the patients and controls. Future research should prioritize investigating antigen-specific responses in blood and tissues to further illuminate this complex area.
Human fall direction recognition in the indoor and outdoor environment using multi self-attention RBnet deep architectures and tree seed optimization
Root cause analysis and evaluation of corrective actions for discharge boom suspension failure in bucket wheel excavator
Controls of reservoir quality for submarine fan of F4 Formation in the Z oilfield, Illizi Basin, Algeria
Comprehensive analysis of the PLXNA3 gene on prognosis and immune characteristics in breast cancer
Core–shell nanofibers for localized melanoma therapy delivering Pioglitazone nanoemulsions and gemcitabine dual loaded system
Computational insights into silver oxide nanoparticles on flow and Cattaneo-Christov heat flux through a Koo and Kleinstreuer model: A heat transfer application
Toward a synthesis of Paleoamerican fluted point cultures in the Carolinas
Long-term conservation agriculture to enhance soil properties and quality in rice–wheat cropping system
Abstract Conservation agriculture (CA) presents a promising substitute to the tillage-intensive rice–wheat cropping system (RWS) prevalent in the Indo-Gangetic plains (IGPs). In the northwestern IGPs, on-farm studies examining the impact of CA durations on soil properties and quality are limited. This study assessed the effects of CA practised for 2 (CA2), 4 (CA4), 8 (CA8), and 12 (CA12) years and conventional tillage (CT) on soil quality in the Nilokheri block of Haryana, India. The collected soil samples from 0–5 to 5–15 cm were analyzed for 22 different soil parameters, and a soil quality index (SQI) was developed using principal component analysis (PCA) for each scenario. The results showed that scenarios CA8 and CA12 had 9.8–10.7 and 11.1–11.3% lower bulk density, respectively, compared to CT. Mean weight diameter, saturated hydraulic conductivity, and water holding capacity were significantly higher in CA8 and CA12 over CT at both soil layers. Microbial biomass carbon and dehydrogenase activity increased by 32 and 42.7%, 14.9 and 32.3% in CA8 and CA12, respectively, over CT in the surface soil. Most of the chemical parameters were significantly influenced by CA, except for pH, electrical conductivity, and available Cu. Key soil quality indicators identified through PCA included Ks, WHC, β-glucosidase activity, dehydrogenase activity, available S, available Fe, and available Cu. The highest SQI was observed in CA12, followed by CA8 and CA4, and the lowest in CT at both depths. The derived regression coefficients revealed a strong positive relationship between SQI and both rice equivalent yield and wheat yield. This finding highlights the potential of enhancing soil quality to boost agricultural productivity under CA, thereby fostering sustainable farming. Such improvements are vital for building climate-resilient cropping and supporting the widespread adoption of CA practices. Therefore, it may be concluded that adopting CA for more than 8 years could help restore soil health and sustain productivity in the rice–wheat cropping system of northwest IGPs.
Da Vinci robotic assisted pyeloplasty versus laparoscopic pyeloplasty in newborns under 3 months
Abstract Ureteropelvic junction obstruction (UPJO) is a common cause of hydronephrosis in children. We aimed to investigate the efficacy of robotic-assisted laparoscopic pyeloplasty (RALP) in newborns with UPJO compared to laparoscopic pyeloplasty (LP). We conducted a retrospective study of newborns aged ≤ 3 months who underwent RALP or LP from May 2018 to December 2023. Only primary pyeloplasty cases were included. Seventy-seven newborns (RALP = 46; LP = 31) were enrolled and no significant difference in the newborns’ demographics and pre-operative parameters was found. The mean operation time (OT) was 161.30 ± 29.07 min (RALP) and 200.60 ± 26.66 min (LP) (P < 0.0001), and the mean hospitalization stay was 7.80 ± 1.13 days (RALP) and 9.32 ± 1.19 days (LP) (P < 0.0001). RALP was associated with a higher hospitalization cost than LP (73449 ± 8513 yuan vs. 40152 ± 7555 yuan; P < 0.0001). The effectiveness and safety of RALP for treating UPJO in newborns is comparable to that of LP. In addition, RALP might have advantages over LP with its faster recovery and less trauma.