Browse Articles

Experimental study on mechanical response characteristics of gassy sand under constant shear stress paths

Precise mapping of single-stranded DNA breaks by sequence-templated erroneous DNA polymerase end-labelling

Abstract The ability to analyze whether DNA contains lesions is essential in identifying mutagenic substances. Currently, the detection of single-stranded DNA breaks (SSBs) lacks precision. To address this limitation, we develop a method for sequence-templated erroneous end-labelling sequencing (STEEL-seq), which enables the mapping of SSBs. The method requires a highly error-prone DNA polymerase, so we engineer a chimeric DNA polymerase, Sloppymerase, capable of replicating DNA in the absence of one nucleotide. Following the omission of a specific nucleotide (e.g., dATP) from the reaction mixture, Sloppymerase introduces mismatches directly downstream of SSBs at positions where deoxyadenosine should occur. This mismatch pattern, coupled with the retention of sequence information flanking these sites, ensures that the identified hits are bona fide SSBs. STEEL-seq is compatible with a variety of sequencing technologies, as demonstrated using Sanger, Illumina, PacBio, and Nanopore systems. Using STEEL-seq, we determine the SSB/base pair frequency in the human genome to range between 0.7 and 3.8 × 10 −6 with an enrichment in active promoter regions.

Factors associated with unfavourable treatment outcomes among patients with Multidrug-resistant Tuberculosis receiving outpatients care

Uranium-stibinidiide, -stibinidene, and -stibido multiple bonds and uranium-nitride formation from multimetallic diuranium-distibene-mediated dinitrogen cleavage

Abstract Although uranium-nitrogen multiple bonding is well developed, there are far fewer uranium-phosphorus and -arsenic multiple bonds, and none for antimony, even in spectroscopic scenarios. Here, we report straightforward syntheses of uranium-stibido, -stibinidiide, -distibene, and -stibinidene derivatives containing single, double, and pseudo-triple bond interactions. Quantum chemical calculations suggest that these uranium-antimony multiple bonds are more covalent than thorium-antimony congeners, due to superior spatial and energy matching of uranium and antimony frontier orbitals, but comparison to isostructural uranium-phosphorus and -arsenic analogues suggests that for uranium moving from phosphorus to arsenic to antimony the spatial overlap term reduces but the orbital energy matching improves. Reduction of the distibene complex results in loss of the antimony-component and multimetallic activation and cleavage of dinitrogen to nitride. This constitutes an uncommon mode of reactivity for uranium that is co-facilitated by the distibene and potassium ions.

Compensatory cerebellar activation during fluid intelligence processing following mild traumatic brain injury

Real-time capture of σN transcription initiation intermediates reveals mechanism of ATPase-driven activation by limited unfolding

Psychometric validation and correlates of the personal safety perception scale (PSPS-26) as a multidimensional measure of perceived safety

Defective Olfactomedin-2 connects adipocyte dysfunction to obesity

Multiomics profiling reveals systemic biological responses to severe subacute exposure to heated tobacco products in rats

PROCR diminishes the efficacy of radiation by impairing T-cell-mediated antitumour immunity

Effects of tobacco intercropping on the Spatial relationship between natural enemies and pests and economic efficiency

Electrochemical valorization of H2S in natural gas to sulfate under mild conditions

Cobalamin and iron deficiency still presents a challenge in hereditary hemorrhagic telangiectasia

Abstract Hereditary hemorrhagic telangiectasia (HHT) leads to fragile blood vessels, causing frequent bleeding and anemia. Treatment mainly addresses iron levels and substitution. Although cobalamin (vitamin B12) is routinely tested in chronic anemia, its role in HHT has not been studied until now. This study examined its prevalence and related symptoms in HHT patients. Data from HHT patients treated between July 2019 and November 2022 were analyzed. Patients with cobalamin levels under 400 pg/ml underwent further testing and questioning. Among 155 patients, 42% were anemic, and 45% had cobalamin levels below 400 pg/ml. However, only 7 patients had a confirmed deficiency. Still, many reported symptoms commonly but not specifically linked to cobalamin deficiency, even with low-normal levels. Gastrointestinal lesions were significantly associated with these low-normal values (p = 0.027). Furthermore, 59% of patients had iron deficiency, and 67% were not receiving iron therapy at the time of their visit. This study is the first to show that true cobalamin deficiency is not more common in HHT than in the general population, though low-normal levels are frequent. In case of unexplained symptoms, evaluating cobalamin levels should be taken into consideration.

Electroreductive amination of carboxylic acids by cobalt catalysis

Abstract Catalytic reduction of carboxylic acids to valuable chemicals is highly desirable yet challenging for both biomass conversion and organic synthesis. Here we describe an efficient and sustainable electrocatalytic hydrogenation of carboxylic acids with amines utilizing protons as the hydrogen source. The application of an earth-abundant cobalt complex enables electrochemical generation of a cobalt-hydride intermediate, which serves as the key catalytically active species for this reductive process. Obviating the need for flammable H2 gas or sensitive hydrides, this general hydrogenative coupling of carboxylic acids with amines and nitroarenes allows producing a wide range of structurally diverse complex alkylamines under mild electrocatalytic conditions. Furthermore, the practicality and versatility of this protocol are demonstrated through its application in valuable isotope labeling using readily available deuterium sources.

On the sensing performance improvement in SPR biosensor using ZnO and TMDCs architecture for cancer detection

National evidence on glucose-lowering medication use for diabetes from 62 low- and middle-income countries

Enhanced Q learning and deep reinforcement learning for unmanned combat intelligence planning in adversarial environments

Fasting is required for many of the benefits of calorie restriction in the 3xTg mouse model of Alzheimer’s disease

Internet of things enabled deep learning monitoring system for realtime performance metrics and athlete feedback in college sports

Computational identification of small molecules for increased gene expression by synthetic circuits in mammalian cells