Browse Articles

Development and selection of stably expressed reference genes for expression normalization in Ribes odoratum under drought stress

DSAT: a dynamic sparse attention transformer for steel surface defect detection with hierarchical feature fusion

Systematic review and meta analysis of mechanical properties of 3D printed denture bases compared to milled and conventional materials

Abstract Denture base fabrication has advanced with the introduction of computer-aided design and manufacturing (CAD-CAM) techniques, such as subtractive milling and additive 3D printing. However, concerns persist regarding the mechanical performance of 3D-printed denture bases. This systematic review and meta-analysis aimed to evaluate and compare the flexural strength (FS), surface hardness, fracture toughness, and impact strength of 3D-printed denture bases with those produced by milling and conventional methods. A systematic search of PubMed, Scopus, Web of Science, and Cochrane Central was conducted up to March 2025 in accordance with Preferred Reporting Items for Systematic Reviews and Meta-Analyses (PRISMA) guidelines. In vitro studies comparing 3D-printed denture bases with milled or conventional heat-polymerized bases in terms of mechanical properties were included. The Joanna Briggs Institute (JBI) checklist for quasi-experimental studies was used. Data was extracted, and quantitative synthesis was performed where possible. Thirty-eight studies were included, comprising 562 specimens for FS and 231 for surface hardness. Meta-analysis revealed that milled denture bases demonstrated the highest flexural strength (MD = -1.11, 95% CI [-1.29, -0.93], p  < 0.001) and surface hardness (MD = -26.49, 95% CI [-29.89, -23.10], p  < 0.001) compared to 3D-printed bases. Conventional bases outperformed 3D-printed ones in most mechanical properties. Milled denture bases exhibited the highest FS (120–146 MPa), followed by conventional PMMA (95–119 MPa), while 3D-printed bases showed wider variability (28–128 MPa). Surface hardness (VHN), fracture toughness (MPa·m¹/²), and impact strength (kJ/m²) were also superior in milled bases. Statistical heterogeneity was present due to differences in materials, printing orientation, and post-curing protocols. Subgroup analysis based on printing orientation (0°, 45°, and 90°) partially explained this variability, showing higher FS in horizontally printed specimens. Although 3D-printed denture bases offer customization and production efficiency, their mechanical properties remain inferior to milled alternatives. Optimization of resin formulations, printing parameters, and post-processing protocols is essential to enhance their clinical performance. The main limitations were high heterogeneity among included studies, differences in material formulations, variability in testing standards, and the in vitro nature of most included studies. This review was registered in PROSPERO (CRD420250639092). There were no deviations from the registered protocol.

Learning spatio-temporal context for basketball action pose estimation with a multi-stream network

Glucocorticoids induce femoral head necrosis in rats through the HIF-1α/VEGF signaling pathway

The spatial correlation network and formation mechanism of water resource utilisation efficiency in cities in the Yellow River Basin

Receipt of adequate antenatal care and associated factors among women delivering in public hospitals, Afar region, Ethiopia

Characterization of lower urinary tract dysfunction in a mouse model of amyotrophic lateral sclerosis

Experimental study of the effects of diazepam on vasospasm in a subarachnoid rat model through pathological and biochemical analysis

Abstract Subarachnoid hemorrhage (SAH), characterized by bleeding in the subarachnoid space, is associated with high morbidity and mortality, primarily due to cerebral vasospasm. Recent studies suggest oxidative stress and inflammation play crucial roles in vasospasm pathogenesis. This study investigates the effects of diazepam, a benzodiazepine with vasodilatory properties, in a rat SAH model. Three groups of female Sprague Dawley rats were analyzed: a control group, an SAH-induced group without treatment, and an SAH-induced group treated with 3 mg/kg of diazepam. Our findings revealed SAH significantly increased Total Oxidant Status (TOS), Oxidative Stress Index (OSI), and inflammatory markers (IL-1β, IL-6, TNF-α) in both tissue and serum samples. Diazepam treatment mitigated these effects, showing reduced TOS, OSI, and cytokine levels compared to the untreated SAH group. Additionally, diazepam helped maintain thiol-disulfide balance, with higher Total Thiol and Native Thiol levels, indicating a protective effect against oxidative damage. Histopathological examination revealed significant vasospasm and inflammatory infiltration in the SAH group, which was partially alleviated in the diazepam-treated group. Diazepam may serve as an adjunct therapy in SAH management by modulating oxidative stress and inflammation, potentially alleviating vasospasm and related ischemic injuries.

Research and design experience of a 1 million tons/year CO2 capture project in the Shengli oilfield of Qilu petrochemical

Time series AQI forecasting using Kalman-integrated Bi-GRU and Chi-square divergence optimization

Hybrid strategy enhanced crayfish optimization algorithm for breast cancer prediction

Risk factors for prolonged hospitalization in acute decompensated heart failure from the HEROES study

Discovery and genesis mechanism of high content diamondoids in the Gulong shale oil

High-energy X-ray irradiation-induced functionalization of Ni(OH)₂ for enhanced supercapacitor electrodes

Biomechanics of humeral locking plate augmented with fibular strut allograft and intramedullary strut plate using finite element analysis

Abstract A humeral locking plate augmented with fibular strut allograft treated for proximal humeral fracture without internal structural support is satisfactory. While it is better clinically and biomechanically than the locking plate alone, it has disadvantages, including difficulty to obtain and the possibility of infection. Other alternative augmentation approaches are in demand. Therefore, the hypothesis of this study is whether intramedullary strut plate can replace fibular strut allograft as a surgical method while providing similar biomechanical performance. The finite element analysis (FEA) models were established based on three-dimensional computed tomography images. Computer-aided design implants were incorporated into the models. According to different implants, models were divided into four groups: the intact humerus, humeral locking plate alone (LP), humeral locking plate augmented with fibular strut allograft (FA), and humeral locking plate augmented with intramedullary strut plate (IMP). The displacements and von Mises stresses were measured on the models by simulating axial force, oblique force and torsion. Compared with the LP group, the displacements and von Mises stresses on the humerus and humeral locking plate in the FA, and IMP groups were all smaller in axial force, oblique force, and torsion. The biomechanical effects of FA and IMP in proximal humeral fracture without internal structural support were basically similar in terms of axial force, oblique force, and torsion. Findings provide useful new ideas for implant design. Our FEA simulation indicates that both the fibular strut allograft (FA) and intramedullary strut plate (IMP) offer similar biomechanical stability in treating proximal humeral fractures without internal structural support. This supports the hypothesis that the intramedullary strut plate can effectively replace the fibular strut allograft.

The moderating role of aerobic exercise in the relationship between stress and cognitive functions

Abstract This study examines the effect of stress on cognitive failures and the potential moderating role of aerobic exercise. A total of 290 university students participated, and moderation analysis was conducted using Hayes’ PROCESS Model 1 (Version 4.2). Results showed that stress alone did not significantly predict cognitive failures. However, aerobic exercise appeared to play a potential moderating role in this relationship. Specifically, a significant association between stress and cognitive failures was observed among moderate- and high-intensity exercisers, while no such effect was found in low-intensity exercisers. Additionally, sleep duration was negatively associated with cognitive failures. These findings suggest that aerobic exercise may influence the relationship between stress and cognitive failures, although further investigation is needed to establish this effect more conclusively.

Dietary supplement consumption is associated with lower dietary quality in Chinese university students based on a cross-sectional study

Enhancing AI-driven forecasting of diabetes burden: a comparative analysis of deep learning and statistical models

An unexpected tumor-resistant phenotype from floxing PAK1 in a mouse model of colitis associated cancer

Abstract Inflammatory bowel disease (IBD) and colitis-associated cancer are associated with activation of PAK1 (p-21 activated kinase 1). We previously found that total knockout of PAK1 (PAK1KO) reduced tumorigenesis upon AOM/DSS but enhanced tumorigenesis in another model of IBD with total knockout of IL10 (IL10KO). To better understand the specific role of epithelial PAK1, we crossed Pak1 floxed (PAK1fl) with VillinCre mice for a conditional knockout of PAK1 in intestinal epithelia (PAK1CKO). PAK1fl were included as additional controls. Unexpectedly, inflammation and tumorigenesis were greatly reduced in PAK1fl compared to WT or PAK1KO after AOM/DSS treatment. PAK1CKO had higher tumor incidence and counts compared to PAK1fl, but was still lower in comparison to PAK1KO or WT. When crossed with IL10KO mice, PAK1CKO exacerbated the expected hyperproliferative phenotype, resulting in early mouse morbidity. Despite normal Pak1 mRNA expression in PAK1fl colonic lysates, PAK1 protein expression on immunohistochemistry was higher that WT. Both PAK1fl and PAK1CKO mice were more resistant to shifts in microbiome, and remained clustered together compared to WT or PAK1KO. Altogether, our results suggest that floxing itself may have altered Pak1 expression, which conferred protection from AOM/DSS carcinogenesis.