Browse Articles
Discover research articles across all indexed journals
A comparative study of GVHD prophylaxis using low dose ATG versus PTCy for PBSCT based on two independent prospective cohorts
A numerical investigation to design and performance optimization of lead-free Cs2TiCl6 based perovskite solar cells with different charge transport layers
Abstract Among the most attractive light-absorbing materials, halide perovskites have been gaining popularity for their versatile range of use in solar cells, lasers, and photodetectors. Whereas, Titanium (Ti)-based all-inorganic perovskite solar cells (PSCs) have garnered attention for their optoelectronic capabilities in response to this situation. In this theoretical study, Cesium Titanium (IV) Halide based lead-free, eco-friendly, and stable Cs2TiCl6-based PSC has been proposed and a numerical simulation using SCAPS-1D has been carried out to enhance the cell performance by optimizing the device parameters. A different set of hole transport layers (HTLs) like MoO3, ZnTe, CNTS, CuAlO2, CdTe, nPB, C6TBTAPH2, N: TiO2, NiCo2O4, and PBTTT-C14 was simulated in combination with electron transport layers(ETLs) such as CdS, Nb2O5, ZnSe, and MZO. After several cell optimizations like thickness, acceptor, donor, and defect concentration of selected four structures, the best cell structure are suggested e.g., FTO/CdS/Cs2TiCl6/CdTe/Au that shows a PCE of 18.15% along with the short circuit current density (J SC) of 17.83 mA/cm2, open-circuit voltage (V OC) of 1.188 V, fill factor (FF) of 89.51%. Among all devices, the solar cell performance decreases when series resistance (R S) and temperature are increased as opposed to shunt resistance (R Sh). The obtained results reveal that Cs2TiCl6-based PSC can contribute to the advancement of efficient non-toxic, all-organic perovskite solar cells in the future.
ENSO modulates aerobic habitat across varying hypoxia tolerance levels in the Southeast Pacific throughout the twenty-first century
Abstract The ENSO (El Niño Southern Oscillation), the planet’s most consequential climate mode, imposes significant thermal stress on epipelagic marine ecosystems. However, its effects on aerobic habitats within the epipelagic and mesopelagic zones remain largely uncharted. This study examines these impacts in the Southeast Pacific, a region hosting one of the world’s most pronounced Oxygen Minimum Zones (OMZ), focusing on species with varying hypoxia tolerances. Using Earth System Model simulations, we show that key characteristics of ENSO—its amplitude, spatial and temporal asymmetry referred to as ENSO diversity—significantly affect critical habitats. Specifically, species experience a much greater change in habitat volume during Eastern Pacific (EP) El Niño events compared to Central Pacific (CP) El Niño or La Niña events, despite compensating effects of temperature and oxygen changes on metabolism during the former and the longer duration of the latter. Under future climate conditions, species with low hypoxia tolerance experience the greatest habitat variability, primarily driven by long-term warming-induced habitat loss. By the end of the twenty-first century, El Niño events no longer offset this decline, indicating a diminished capacity of these events to temporarily alleviate climate-related stress.
Uncovering the carbon footprint of minimally invasive axillary osmidrosis surgery in China through life cycle assessment
Machine learning-based model for behavioural analysis in rodents applied to the forced swim test
Efficiency improvement of graphene/AlGaAs/GaAs Schottky junction solar cells by minimizing optical losses through front and rear surface texturing
Gas permeability characteristics of the hanging wall and footwall in normal faults based on true triaxial experimental system
Abstract In deep mining environments, normal fault structures significantly influence coal seam permeability, which plays a crucial role in coal and gas outbursts. Utilizing a true triaxial multifunctional physical simulation system, this study conducted gas seepage and hydraulic fracturing experiments on normal fault-associated coal seams at depths of − 400 m, − 600 m, and − 800 m. The research systematically investigates the gas permeability evolution in hanging wall and footwall coal seams of normal faults and proposes enhanced control measures tailored to the Guodishan normal fault. The results showed: Permeability exhibited a negative exponential relationship with confining pressure. As confining pressure increases, the permeability disparity between the hanging wall and footwall diminishes. Under true triaxial conditions, the permeability of the coal in the hanging wall of the normal fault is generally lower than that in the footwall. This difference gradually increases with burial depth, with the permeability ratio between the two sides increasing from 2.96 to 10.2 times. Moreover, the permeability reduction in the hanging wall coal is greater than that in the footwall coal. The crack initiation pressure for fracturing is higher in the hanging wall. Post-fracturing, permeability increases significantly in both walls, with the footwall demonstrating superior enhancement. However, the permeability amplification factor decreases progressively with depth. Building on the evolutionary characteristics of the Guodishan normal fault and its permeability patterns, targeted gas control strategies were developed in the Pingdingshan mining area. This work provides theoretical and practical guidance for gas extraction and outburst prevention in fault-affected coal seams.
Multi-scenario simulation of carbon stock and landscape ecological risk changes in Jinpu new area and analysis of spatial conflict relationships
Abstract Sustainability of carbon sink capacity is an essential player in the health of the city, and landscape ecological risk can reveal present status of land management. This paper analyzes the distribution of spatial conflict areas between high carbon stock and landscape ecological risk under the current scenarios and future three different development scenarios in 2025 and 2027. The results showed that: (1) from 2019 to 2023, the higher carbon stock areas and the ecological higher-risk areas generally expand; (2) from 2025 to 2027, under different development scenarios, higher carbon stock and higher-risk areas showed different changes, according to the distribution of spatial conflicts between the two, the significant common zones of conflict were distributed in the central, southern, and southeastern parts of the study area, while in the northern and eastern parts of the study area, the spatial conflict distribution of the natural development and cropland protection scenarios is significantly lower than the urban development scenarios, so future land use development patterns can be optimized by combining the respective characteristics of natural development and cropland protection scenarios. Therefore, this study can provide a basis for the future economic development of study area and the green and healthy development of Jinpu New Area.
Endogenous formation of phosphatidylhomoserine in Escherichia coli through phosphatidylserine synthase
Comparative efficacy of certoparin, enoxaparin, and combined thromboprophylaxis on thromboembolic events after glioblastoma resection: a prospective observational study
Abstract Thromboembolic events (TE) are serious complications following glioblastoma (GBM) resection. This retrospective study analyzed 695 GBM patients (2017–2022, University Hospital Dresden) to assess the impact of different anticoagulant regimens—certoparin, enoxaparin, and enoxaparin with intermittent pneumatic stockings (IPS)—along with patient comorbidities, on TE incidence. Overall, 28 patients (4%) developed TE. The highest combined incidence of deep vein thrombosis (DVT) and pulmonary embolism (PE) occurred in the enoxaparin group (8.6%), followed by certoparin (6.9%) and enoxaparin + IPS (2.6%) ( p = .003). Increased PE risk was associated with longer surgery duration (median 249 vs. 190 min; p = .002), greater intraoperative blood loss (300 vs. 150 mL; p = .002), and older age (> 65 years, p = .043). Comorbidities such as diabetes ( p = .005) and coronary heart disease ( p = .037) were also linked to elevated TE risk. Multivariate analysis identified enoxaparin alone as an independent risk factor (HR 0.312; CI 0.116–0.842; p = .022). Patients with PE or DVT had surgeries that were on average 45 min longer and involved higher blood loss. GBM patients treated with enoxaparin alone have a significantly higher risk for TE compared to treatment with certoparin or the combination of enoxaparin with IPS. Additionally, the duration of surgery, patient age and comorbidities significantly influence the risk of postoperative TE.