Browse Articles
Discover research articles across all indexed journals
Correction: A flexible Weibull geometric distribution with characterizations and its parameter estimation
Analogue speech recognition based on physical computing
End-to-end CNN-based deep learning enhances breast lesion characterization using quantitative ultrasound (QUS) spectral parametric images
Novel design and fabrication of a mechanically tunable multiband watch antenna for wireless applications
Abstract Novel design of a tunable watch antenna for both wideband wireless applications is presented in this paper. Arrows in the watch radiating patch are designed to control the bandwidth; also, a ground structure is designed beneath the radiating patch to allow multi-band operation. If the arrows of the watch mention a certain time, this allows a certain multiband, while if the time changes, it allows another different multiband; the antenna performs as a wideband antenna (WBA). Furthermore, we can obtain different frequency bands by assuming a mechanism to change the time of the watch. The antenna was examined at 1, 2, 3, and 4 o’clock in simulation, while the 1:45 design was fabricated. The S11 in the four simulated cases was examined to check the obtained frequency bands. The 1:45 fabricated antenna has a unique design and footprint of (diameter 30 x height 0.635) mm. The S11 for the simulated and measured antenna was examined. The obtained gain and efficiency were 70 dB and − 20 dB, respectively. The axial ratio was also examined and was less than 3 dB. When the position of either the minutes or hours arrow changes, the antenna acts as a WBA with different operating frequency bands. The mechanism of the proposed antenna designates it as a wideband antenna for GSM, CDMA, UMTS, LTE, Wi-MAX, 5G (Ultra-Fast & Low Latency) communications applications.
Genome-wide identification of potassium transporters and channels in Malus domestica genome
Identification of genes related to the effects of bicalutamide and zoladex on benign prostatic hyperplasia
A deep learning approach for improving spatiotemporal resolution of numerical weather prediction forecasts
Abstract This study addresses the limitations of traditional numerical weather prediction models in wind forecasting for aviation operations by introducing a deep learning approach based on a spatiotemporal fusion model that enhances the temporal resolution and accuracy of wind forecasts. Specifically, the model integrates Global Forecast System (GFS) with European Centre for Medium-Range Weather Forecasts Reanalysis v5 (ERA5) data, employing a 1-dimensional convolutional layer for spatial data fusion and a bidirectional long short-term memory network for spatiotemporal pattern recognition. The presented approach considerably improves upon the numeric model, increasing temporal resolution from 3-hour to 1-hour intervals and reducing mean absolute error by over 50% for wind speed and direction forecasts. The proposed model achieves 82.85% accuracy in wind direction predictions within a 20° angle, compared to 64.46% for the GFS model forecasts. Case studies demonstrate the proposed model’s superior performance in capturing wind variability, particularly in complex topographical settings like Madeira International Airport. These improvements have relevant implications for aviation safety, flight planning, and fuel consumption optimization. The geographic independence of the proposed approach suggests potential applicability across diverse regions.
Hypocritical blame is associated with reduced prosocial motivation
Abstract People often act hypocritically. One form of hypocrisy occurs when people blame others for transgressing moral principles they themselves have violated in the past. However, the psychological processes linked to this hypocritical blame are largely unknown. One possibility is that hypocritical blame is associated with the costs of being prosocial, such that a person could intend to help but is unwilling to put in the effort. Here, we test whether a measure of hypocritical blame that quantifies the discrepancy between willingness to profit from another’s harm, and blaming somebody else for similarly profiting, is related to the motivation to choose and then exert physical effort to benefit themselves or a stranger. Results revealed that hypocritical blame is associated with reduced prosocial motivation specifically, and not with how willing people are to exert effort for their own benefit. This effect was found in both a reduced willingness to choose to be prosocial and for energising prosocial acts. This suggests that the discrepancy between moral standards and actions is related to the willingness to overcome the costs of being prosocial, with some people being simply unwilling to exert the effort required to live up to their moral principles.
Wannier functions of defective photonic crystals with broken translational symmetry
Diagnostic yield of whole exome sequencing with targeted gene analysis in prelingual sensorineural hearing loss in Thailand
Fungal immunomodulatory protein FIP-fve mitigates airway inflammation and metabolic dysfunction in an obese allergic asthma model
Abstract Obesity is a growing global health concern that exacerbates the risk and severity of allergic asthma, yet effective therapies and mechanistic understanding remain limited. This study investigates the therapeutic potential of Flammulina velutipes immunomodulatory protein (FIP-fve) in a murine model of obesity-aggravated allergic asthma. BALB/c mice were fed a high-fat diet (HFD) and sensitized with Dermatophagoides pteronyssinus (Der p) to induce obesity-associated allergic airway inflammation. FIP-fve was administered orally during the sensitization phase. Body weight, serum metabolic parameters (cholesterol, glucose, ALT), airway hyper-responsiveness (AHR), serum cytokine profiles, and lung histopathology were evaluated. FIP-fve treatment significantly reduced HFD-induced body weight gain and normalized serum cholesterol, glucose, and ALT levels. In the obese asthma model, FIP-fve markedly attenuated Der p-induced AHR and decreased serum levels of pro-inflammatory and allergic markers, including IL-6, IL-33, osteopontin, and VCAM-1. Cytokine array analysis revealed that FIP-fve reversed the upregulation of multiple inflammatory, metabolic, and angiogenic cytokines induced by HFD and allergen exposure. Histological analysis confirmed reduced inflammatory cell infiltration and tissue remodeling in the lungs of FIP-fve-treated mice. FIP-fve exhibits multi-targeted protective effects against obesity-aggravated allergic asthma by modulating systemic metabolism, suppressing airway inflammation, and regulating key cytokine networks. These findings suggest that FIP-fve holds promise as a novel therapeutic candidate for the management of obesity-related asthma and its associated metabolic dysfunction.
A novel HPβCD-Cu(DDC)2 delivery system in patient derived orthotopic xenograft targeting MGMT-mediated temozolomide resistance in glioblastoma
Comparing infant pain and stress during retinopathy of prematurity screening using ophthalmoscopy and non-contact imaging
Development and validation of a machine learning model for cardiovascular disease risk prediction in type 2 diabetes patients
Numerical analysis and experimental study on axial compressive behavior of glass sand concrete filled steel tubular short columns
Consistency verification and interpretation of explainable AI for predicting annual home runs of professional baseball players from sensor data
Abstract This study aimed to verify and interpret a model for predicting the number of home runs per year using sensor data from professional baseball players during batting practice. A machine learning model was constructed using Random Forest from the bat kinematics and bat mass data of 41 professional baseball players collected by a bat-mounted sensor. Partial Dependence analysis and Feature Importance analysis by SHAP (SHapley Additive exPlanations) were used to explain the model’s predictions. The predictive model showed that the bat speed, bat mass, and rotational acceleration are particularly important. The results indicated that a bat speed of 33.3 m/s and rotational acceleration exceeding 157 m/s2 exhibited a trend toward a rapid increase in the number of predicted home runs per year. The mass of the bat suggests that an optimum value exists at 0.91 kg. These results suggest that batters who are expected to hit a large number of home runs each year increase the acceleration at the beginning of their swing to produce high bat speed in a short period of time and achieve bat speeds of 33.3 m/s or more with a bat that is somewhat heavier.
Confirming universality of the fractal dimension of incipient percolation cluster for complex neighborhoods
Sustained abstinence after a methamphetamine-specific treatment program for pregnant and parenting women
Abstract The treatment of methamphetamine use disorder (MUD) poses a significant challenge due to high rates of treatment discontinuation, substance use recurrence, and socioeconomic adversity. ‘Mummy, think of me’ (MAMADAM, an acronym from the German “Mama, denk an mich”), a treatment program specifically designed for pregnant women and young mothers with substance use disorders, has shown positive results regarding treatment efficacy and retention of child custody. This study aimed to evaluate the long-term sustainability of the MAMADAM intervention, which has not yet been examined. For this retrospective follow-up study, former patients with MUD who were pregnant and/or parenting women at the time of MAMADAM treatment were contacted by telephone. We analyzed whether self-reported abstinence after discharge from MAMADAM was associated with patient characteristics at admission to MAMADAM. Of the 114 eligible women, 39 participated in the follow-up interview, on average, 4.5 years after completing MAMADAM. Of these, 16 (41%) reported sustained abstinence from all addictive substances, excluding tobacco. At 12 and 18 months after discharge from MAMADAM, 9/39 (23%) and 11/39 (28%) women, respectively, reported at least one instance of substance use, including alcohol but excluding tobacco. Women who reported recurrences of substance use were significantly more likely to have more underage children, live apart from at least one minor, and consume methamphetamine for longer before MAMADAM than women with sustained abstinence. Cox regression, controlling for the duration of MAMADAM treatment, indicated that a longer history of methamphetamine use at admission to MAMADAM was associated with a shorter period of abstinence from all addictive substances (excluding tobacco) following discharge. The MAMADAM program is effective and sustainable in supporting long-term abstinence among pregnant and parenting women with MUD, indicating that pregnancy and parenthood can serve as turning points for promoting the necessary behavioral changes for recovery from addiction. Some women remain at elevated risk of relapse due to the vulnerabilities identified in this study. Future research should investigate whether stronger collaborations with government and community agencies can help these women maintain long-term abstinence.