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Correction: Gender differences in the association between community care and quality of life among older adults in China
Survey of US postdocs finds threefold increase in job losses
Fusion of SARS-CoV-2 neutralizing LCB1 peptide with Bacillus amyloliquefaciens RNase improves antiviral efficacy
Author Correction: Genome-wide CRISPR screen in human T cells reveals regulators of FOXP3
Elevated stress hyperglycemia ratio associated with higher hospital mortality in patients with respiratory failure
RpoB mutation patterns in Rifampicin-resistant tuberculosis: a Jiangxi Province study, 2021–2023
Direct observation of coherent elastic antineutrino–nucleus scattering
Abstract Neutrinos are elementary particles that interact only very weakly with matter. Neutrino experiments are, therefore, usually big, with masses in the multi-tonne range. The thresholdless interaction of coherent elastic scattering of neutrinos on atomic nuclei leads to greatly enhanced interaction rates, which allows for much smaller detectors. The study of this process gives insights into physics beyond the Standard Model of particle physics. The CONUS+ experiment1 was designed to first detect elastic neutrino–nucleus scattering in the fully coherent regime with low-energy neutrinos produced in nuclear reactors. For this purpose, semiconductor detectors based on high-purity germanium crystals with extremely low-energy thresholds were developed2. Here we report the first observation of a neutrino signal with a statistical significance of 3.7σ from the CONUS+ experiment, operated at the nuclear power plant in Leibstadt, Switzerland. In 119 days of reactor operation (395 ± 106) neutrinos were measured compared with a predicted number from calculations assuming Standard Model physics of (347 ± 59) events. With increased precision, there is potential for fundamental discoveries in the future. The CONUS+ results in combination with other measurements of this interaction channel might therefore mark a starting point for a new era in neutrino physics.
A human-specific enhancer fine-tunes radial glia potency and corticogenesis
Novel anti-VEGF scFv antibodies with superior in vitro and in vivo activities
Whole-body physics simulation of fruit fly locomotion
Abstract The body of an animal influences how its nervous system generates behaviour1. Accurately modelling the neural control of sensorimotor behaviour requires an anatomically detailed biomechanical representation of the body. Here we introduce a whole-body model of the fruit fly Drosophila melanogaster in a physics simulator2. Designed as a general-purpose framework, our model enables the simulation of diverse fly behaviours, including both terrestrial and aerial locomotion. We validate its versatility by replicating realistic walking and flight behaviours. To support these behaviours, we develop phenomenological models for fluid and adhesion forces. Using data-driven, end-to-end reinforcement learning3,4, we train neural network controllers capable of generating naturalistic locomotion5–7 along complex trajectories in response to high-level steering commands. Furthermore, we show the use of visual sensors and hierarchical motor control8, training a high-level controller to reuse a pretrained low-level flight controller to perform visually guided flight tasks. Our model serves as an open-source platform for studying the neural control of sensorimotor behaviour in an embodied context.
Unveiling the causative role of promoter variant rs113823671 in MMP7 in gallbladder cancer susceptibility
Analytical strategies for identification and quantitation of heterodimers in co-formulated monoclonal antibody cocktails by native SEC-MS
Periodontal health intervention for oral health-related outcomes in older type 2 diabetes patients: a randomized controlled trial in a Chinese tertiary hospital
Physicists disagree wildly on what quantum mechanics says about reality, Nature survey shows
A systematic review and meta-analysis of the effects of Entertainment-Education interventions on persuasive health outcomes
Abstract Entertainment-Education (EE) refers to the integration of entertaining and educational components within popular media, with the objective of positively impacting social and health behaviors. This study aims to synthesize the effects of EE for health communication. In particular, the effects of EE on health knowledge, intentions, attitudes, behavior, and self-efficacy were analyzed. Further, a persuasion index was created based on the primary outcomes. Only controlled or randomized-controlled studies were considered, and after screening, K = 39 of N = 4183 studies were included. Pairwise meta-analyses were conducted to determine the effects of EE on persuasive health outcomes. Additionally, potential effects of the subgroups delivery mode, gender, healthcare, type of control group and type and taxonomy of health behavior on a weighted persuasion index were analyzed. Analyses revealed evidence for significant small to moderate effects on all outcomes, with the largest effect sizes on knowledge and self-efficacy. Subgroups seem to account for a significant amount of heterogeneity, as a significant effect could be observed for all analyzed subgroups except for healthcare and gender. The meta-analysis suggests that EE is suitable for the communication of health messages, particularly when targeting prevention topics. However, it is imperative to exercise caution when interpreting the results, and further research is needed.
Sustainable foam stabilization using red mud-derived nanoparticles for enhanced oil recovery and CO2 sequestration
Learning curve of a novice foot and ankle surgeon in minimally invasive calcaneal fracture surgery via the sinus tarsi approach
Securing the forest carbon sink for the European Union’s climate ambition
Experimentally investigating the structural capacity of slender web tapered built up plate girder with web opening
Abstract Built-up plate girders are widely used in structural applications where hot-rolled beams may not provide sufficient strength or stiffness. To achieve a cost-effective design, tapered plate girders are often employed, allowing for an optimized distribution of material by gradually varying the web depth along the span. In many practical applications, web openings are introduced to accommodate service ducts, utilities, and weight reduction, making them an essential feature in modern steel structures. However, while design codes provide well-established methods for prismatic girders, the web behavior of tapered girders with web openings remains insufficiently investigated, leading to gaps in existing predictive models. This research presents a novel equation to estimate the web capacity of tapered plate girders with web opening, considering parameters such as the panel aspect ratio, web opening size to panel average height ratio and tapering ratio. The equation was validated with the experimental results giving a maximum error of 8%. A comparative study was conducted using different methodologies of steel design standards and previous researches to evaluate their results with the experiments. The results of these methodologies demonstrated significant contradictions. Where some standards underestimated the web capacity by up to 58% while some others overestimated it by up to 45%. The presented formula gives significant improvement in designing the steel plate girders with web opening, hence in structural design. Future research may consider enhancing the equation taking into consideration widening the range of values for taken parameters or by considering more parameters regarding the girders’ geometry, loading and boundary conditions.