Browse Articles

Influence of dispersed water in water in oil emulsions on oil recovery and pressure response in porous media

Exploring salinity-induced biochemical changes in Chlorella vulgaris using statistical modelling

Abstract The impact of high salinity stress on the growth and nutrient uptake of Chlorella vulgaris was investigated using a two-stage cultivation approach. Changes in the biochemical composition of the biomass were statistically evaluated through principal component analysis (PCA) and multiple linear regression (MLR). The presence of 150 mM NaCl promoted higher biomass accumulation (978 ± 11 mg L −1 ) and did not affect the nutrient removal rates. Elevated concentrations (> 300 mM) induced negative effects, resulting in microalgae mortality. The highest lipid (24% ± 1% DCW) and carbohydrate (32.3% ± 0.6% DCW) contents were achieved with 300 mM NaCl on days 7 and 4, respectively. Moreover, 150 mM NaCl led to the highest lipid productivity (23.4 mg L −1 d −1 ) only in 2 days of stress. PCA and MLR confirmed that the lipid content was positively associated with salinity and time of exposure and that the pigments were strongly affected by the exposure time.

​Identification of a novel m6A RNA methylation regulator-based signature for prognosis and immune landscape prediction in hepatocellular carcinoma

B-cell epitope mapping of Orthoflavivirus zikaense in mother-newborn immune interaction reveals postnatal immune signatures

Crystal structures of Campylobacter jejuni CadF reveal a potential role for the arginine residue R268 in peptidoglycan recognition and pocket formation

Community level trait patterns are detectable even along short stress gradients but not readily predictable under very limited soil resources

Leveraging metatranscriptomics for the characterisation of bovine blood viromes

Abstract Understanding the diversity of the bovine virome is essential for assessing their potential impact on cattle health and transmission risks. Viruses present in the blood comprise both those that establish persistent infections in blood cells and those present during transient viremia. Farm management practices, such as the reuse of syringes for treatments, vaccinations, and supplements, may inadvertently contribute to the spread of blood-borne pathogens, emphasizing the need for improved biosecurity measures. Herein, we used a metatranscriptomic approach to analyse 20 bovine blood transcriptomes from dairy cows in New South Wales, Australia, along with 577 publicly available blood transcriptomes from studies in Australia and Kenya. Our analysis identified several viruses that are known to infect blood cells, transmitted either by direct contact or by vectors, including bovine viral diarrhea virus, bovine gammaherpesvirus 6, hepacivirus, foamy virus, ephemeroviruses and a new species of a coltivirus. Our findings highlight the complexity of the bovine blood virome and underscore the importance of sustained surveillance to identify emerging pathogens and assess their potential role in cattle health. This study provides a framework for integrating transcriptomic data into disease monitoring efforts, ultimately contributing to improved cattle management and biosecurity practices.

Surveying tropical faunal diversity via airborne DNA analyses

Daily briefing: People with macular degeneration can read again after retinal implant

Fragility analyses and strong ground motion response of mechanically stabilized earth retaining walls with plate anchors

Spin-coated mg-doped ZnO thin films as electron transport layers for efficient and stable perovskite solar cells

Drought and high nighttime temperature impact on soybean seed yield and quality under ambient and elevated CO2 environments

Abstract The increasing prevalence of abiotic stresses, including high nighttime temperatures (HNT) and drought during the reproductive stage, poses a risk to global soybean production. Additionally, the influence of rising atmospheric CO2 levels must be considered when addressing changes in temperature and drought conditions. In this study, two soybean genotypes, DS25-1 and DS31-243, were grown under control (0.15 m3 m–3 volumetric soil moisture content (VWC) and 30/22 °C day/night temperature), HNT (30/26 °C day/night temperature), and drought (0.08 m3 m–3 VWC) conditions at ambient (425 ppm, aCO2) and elevated (725 ppm, eCO2) CO2 concentrations in sunlit plant growth chambers during flowering and pod development stages. The plants exposed to eCO2 under control and drought conditions showed increased photosynthesis (DS25-1: 55 and 142%, and DS31-243: 77 and 61%) and non-photochemical quenching (DS25-1: 98 and 57%, and DS31-243: 67 and 126%) compared to aCO2. On average, the pods and seed numbers increased by 60% and 59%, respectively, under HNT and eCO2 compared to HNT and aCO2. In contrast, the drought decreased pods and seeds by 43% across genotypes and CO2 environments. This has resulted in a reduction in seed yield by 62% and 56% in DS25-1 and DS31-243, respectively, under drought conditions compared to the control. Under aCO2, the seed yield of DS31-243 was reduced by 42% under HNT compared to the control. The seed protein content was reduced under eCO2, while other treatments did not influence its content. The seed carbohydrate content decreased under the HNT condition, while the drought and eCO2 did not influence its production. The stress conditions during seed development resulted in reduced polyunsaturation, while the oleic acid content increased. The study highlighted the positive impacts of eCO2 on physiology and yield.

Hopes of realizing a dream ‘city of health’

Lightweight self supervised learning framework for domain generalization in histopathology

In-situ environmental monitoring by a real self-driven microbial fuel cell-based sensor including data acquisition system

Image memorability depends on interference in memory

Abstract Some experiences are better remembered than others by most people. This inherent characteristic of an event to be remembered or forgotten is known as memorability. However, it is unclear what drives certain experiences to be more memorable than others, and whether all aspects of an experience are better remembered. Interference across experiences is a major barrier that our memory system must overcome, yet we do not know how interference may impact the memorability of our experiences. Exploring this facet of memory may allow us to parse what drives certain experiences to be memorable or forgettable. To this end, we developed a memory task that varied image memorability and image interference during a memory test and measured target recognition - memory for repeated images, and lure discrimination - discernment of similar “lure” images, increasing interference in memory. While effects of memorability were evident for target recognition, the impact of memorability on lure discrimination depended on interference, where images with higher levels of interference did not benefit from memorability compared to lower levels of interference. Furthermore, these effects were time-dependent: memorability impacted memory immediately, but not after a longer time delay. These findings suggest that the concept of memorability depends on how and when memory is measured.

Assessment of the association of ​​high-iodine​​ exposure in drinking water, iodine intake, and thyroid function in 3−14-year-old children

miRNA‒microbiome correlations in Bos indicus feed efficiency

Investigating the impact of viscosifier concentrations on hydraulic horsepower at the bit

Upcycling of regular wood trunks and logs using wave function collapse (WFC), augmented reality (AR), and mixed reality (MR) technologies for circular design

Abstract In sustainable building design and construction (SBDC), irregular timber elements, such as unprocessed logs, forks, and branches, remain significantly underutilised due to their complex geometries, which complicate reconfiguration and lead to considerable material waste. This study addresses this challenge by introducing a computational workflow that optimises the upcycling of irregular wood into feasible building components. The CAAD contribution of this work lies in applying Wave Function Collapse (WFC) as a digital aggregation method, enabling automated spatial configuration of irregular wood elements. This method integrates 3D scanning, algorithmic aggregation, and finite element analysis (FEA) to assess structural viability, ensuring efficient material utilisation. For joinery experiments, our engineering application involves the development of a heat-moldable joinery method using recycled PET bottles, which eliminates the need for adhesives or mechanical fasteners. By leveraging the heat-shrink properties of PET, structurally stable connections are formed between upcycled wood components. The proposed framework is demonstrated through the fabrication of functional furniture and pavilion-scale architectural prototypes, showcasing an innovative approach to material repurposing. This study advances Computer-Aided Architectural Design (CAAD) and construction techniques by 3D scanning, volumetric design, AI-driven building scale ideation and Augmented Reality (AR) and MR-assisted assembly, demonstrating scalable solutions for sustainable architecture and circular material reuse.