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Sentiment analysis of cancer screening in Chinese social media: Qualitative studies based on machine learning
Purpose Explore public perceptions and sentiments about cancer screening on social media. The dissemination of misinformation and negative attitudes continue to impede the access of many individuals with perceived risk to cancer screening services despite their awareness of the necessity and concept of early cancer screening. Methods This study was divided into five steps: data collection, data cleaning, data standardization, sentiment analysis, and content analysis. Results This study analyzed 796 social media comments (53,151 words) from Weibo, Zhihu, and Xiaohongshu to explore public sentiments toward cancer screening. Seven emotion categories emerged: good, happy, surprise, anger, disgust, fear, and sadness. Positive emotions reflected trust in physicians, financial support, and perceived screening effectiveness, whereas negative emotions reflected fear of cancer, stigma, and procrastination. Conclusion The findings of this study include the development of health communication strategies, the promotion of public screening participation, and the improvement of nursing personalization and emotional sensitivity. These findings highlight barriers and facilitators for cancer screening promotion in China and inform targeted nursing communication strategies.
Endocervix exhibits greater susceptibility to HIV-1 infection compared to ectocervix following ex vivo exposure to Transmitted/Founder HIV-1 variants
The kinetics and identification of targets of Human Immunodeficiency Virus (HIV) infection within mucosae is a valuable tool for the development of new HIV-prevention strategies. Human tissue explants offer an informative model for studying HIV-1 pathogenesis and can support the development of novel HIV prevention interventions. Here, we infected cervical explants from HIV-1-uninfected women undergoing routine surgery with HIV BaL , a lab-adapted virus, and isolates HIV 4790 and HIV 4791 , transmitted/founder (T/F) HIV-1 variants, and monitored the subsequent viral infection and replication using real-time quantitative PCR. The rates of infection and replication of HIV-1 BaL exceeded those of both HIV 4790 and HIV 4791 . The two T/F isolates were not significantly different from each other overall in the explant comparison (endo and ecto cervical tissue combined); however, all three viruses demonstrated different tissue tropism. HIV-1 BaL and HIV 4790 replicated at equivalent levels in endocervical explants, but HIV 4790 replicated significantly less well in ectocervical explants. Alternatively, HIV 4791 demonstrated inferior replication in endocervical tissues compared to HIV BaL and HIV 4790 but improved replication in ectocervical explants compared to HIV 4790 . Immunofluorescent analysis of the cervical tissues revealed the presence of viable immune cells that are targets of HIV-1 infection, thus validating our ex vivo model in its ability to maintain viable cells in culture for a longer period. This allows for assessing the dynamics of HIV replication in the cervical tissues. Our data suggests that endocervical tissues may be more susceptible to HIV-1 infections than ectocervix, revealing the complex dynamics across different sites of the lower female reproductive tract.
Global temporal trends and projections of gastroesophageal reflux disease prevalence: Age-period-cohort analysis 2021
Background Gastroesophageal reflux disease (GERD) represents a major global health challenge with varied regional epidemiological patterns. This study aimed to comprehensively analyze temporal trends, health inequalities, and driving factors of GERD. Methods Using Global Burden of Disease 2021 data, we extracted GERD prevalence across 204 territories. Age-standardized prevalence rate (ASPR) was calculated and analyzed using age-period-cohort framework. An autoregressive integrated moving average model was employed to project future trends to 2036. Health inequalities were assessed using slope index and concentration index. Results Global GERD prevalence surged from 450,765,455 cases in 1990–825,603,654 in 2021, with an annual percentage change of 0.04% in ASPR. Significant regional disparities were observed across Socio-demographic Index (SDI) quintiles: middle SDI regions exhibited the steepest ASPR increase (0.22% annually), contrasting with declining trends in high-middle (−0.26%) and high SDI regions (−0.18%). Latin American countries demonstrated the highest burden, with Paraguay, Brazil, and El Salvador leading globally. The United States and China revealed notable post-2010 prevalence rebounds. Notably, populations aged 25–34 years showed the most rapid prevalence growth (>0.3% annually), challenging traditional age-risk paradigms. The slope index increased from −1978.5 to −2053.4, signifying worsening absolute health disparities, with low SDI nations bearing a disproportionate GERD burden. Conclusions The increasing prevalence of GERD has resulted in major health burdens over the past three decades. Future strategies should prioritize targeted interventions for high-risk populations and modifiable risk factors, enhanced healthcare accessibility, and integration of GERD management within non-communicable disease frameworks to address this emerging public health challenge.
Strain-specific activation of aspergillic acid biosynthesis in Aspergillus oryzae NRRL 3483
Characterizing urban landscapes using very-high resolution satellite imagery to predict Ae. albopictus larval presence probability in public spaces
The global spread of Aedes albopictus raises growing public health concerns due to its role in transmitting dengue, chikungunya, and Zika. In southern France, the increase in imported dengue cases and local transmission underlines the urgent need for effective vector control. While efforts primarily target private breeding sites, public spaces also contribute notably to larvae presence. Understanding the impact of urban landscapes on the distribution of breeding sites is crucial for optimizing vector control strategies, identifying high-risk areas, and reducing mosquito populations. This study aims to investigate how urban landscapes impact the distribution of Ae. albopictus larvae in public spaces, with a focus on storm drains and telecom cable chambers in Montpellier, France. Very high-resolution satellite imagery was used to characterize urban landscapes through textural analyses of spectral indices. Environmental bias was assessed by analyzing the representativity of sampled breeding sites within the diverse urban landscapes. Species distribution models (SDMs) were built, their predictive accuracy was evaluated, and an ensemble model was created to predict larval presence across the study area. SDMs predicted a high probability of larval presence in the western and northeastern parts of Montpellier, with low uncertainty. The most influential variables for predicting larval presence were the mean of Normalized Difference Vegetation Index (NDVI), texture indices from both NDVI, brightness index (BI), and the panchromatic image. Urban vegetation significantly influences larval presence, although higher vegetation index values correlate with a decreased probability of larval occurrence. Additionally, the combination of vegetation and urban structures plays a crucial role in determining the presence of Ae. albopictus larvae in public spaces, where small, organized urban objects and large patches of vegetation increase the likelihood of larval presence. This study highlights the potential of very high-resolution remote sensing and species distribution modeling for enhancing urban mosquito control strategies, ultimately contributing to improved public health policies outcomes in the face of vector-borne disease threats.
Incremental prognostic value of ischemic score quantified by stress dynamic CT myocardial perfusion in patients with and without diabetes mellitus
Impact of non-agricultural experience on new farmers’ participation in e-commerce in China: A mediation analysis based on business conditions
In recent years, new farmers returning from non-agricultural sectors have become an important force in promoting the development of China's agricultural e-commerce. By studying the impact mechanism of non-farming work experience on their participation in e-commerce, the aim is to guide these returning new farmers to drive the development of agricultural e-commerce, improve industrial efficiency, and achieve agricultural modernization. Taking 572 new farmers returning to their hometowns in China as the target, considering the binary nature of the e-commerce participation decision (participate or not) and the continuous yet potentially censored nature of the participation degree data, the binary logistic model and Tobit model were used to analyse the influence of non-farming experience and the behaviour and degree of participation in agricultural e-commerce, and to further discuss whether there is a mediating effect of the business situation in it. The results show that: non-farming experience positively and significantly affects new farmers' e-commerce participation decision and degree, and the probability of e-commerce participation of new farmers with non-farming experience is increased by 13.5%, and the degree of their e-commerce participation is increased by 5.5%; the business situation plays a partially mediating effect; and the e-commerce participation behaviours show gender and regional heterogeneity. Based on this, suggestions are made in terms of returning home policy attraction, brand building of agricultural products, exploring foreign markets, and developing according to local conditions, so as to encourage new farmers to participate in the project of “Digital Commerce for Rural Development” and to promote rural revitalisation.
Effect of PAA@SiO₂ core–shell on optical and anti-icing properties on polydimethylsiloxane-modified SiO₂ composite thin films
Design, synthesis, and biological evaluation of phenylisoxazole-based histone deacetylase inhibitors
Histone deacetylases (HDACs) mediate the removal of acetyl groups from lysine residues in both histone and non-histone proteins, and have been regarded as promising targets for drug discovery. As a central member of HDAC family, HDAC1 has been found to be closely linked to the occurrence and development of prostate cancer. In this study, we designed and synthesized a new series of 3-phenylisoxazole HDAC1 inhibitors based on the hit 7 , identified by in-house compound library screening. The structure-activity relationship studies (SARs) indicated that the R 1 position was relatively tolerated for activity. The linker length at R 2 exerted a significant influence on activity with the relative orders of butyl > propyl > ethyl > methyl. Among synthetic 16 compounds, compound 17 indicated the strongest HDAC1 inhibitory effect with the inhibition rate of 86.78% at the concentration of 1000 nM. In addition, derivative 17 could not only well occupy the active pocket of HDAC1, but also showed favorable drug-like properties. More importantly, molecule 17 exerted potent anti-proliferative activity on prostate cancer PC3 cells with the IC 50 value of 5.82 μM, and had no significant toxicity against normal prostate WPMY-1 cells. Collectively, these findings validate phenylisoxazole derivative 17 as a promising lead compound for further optimization and development.
A nomogram to predict respiratory failure development in severe fever with thrombocytopenia syndrome patients with pneumonia
Regional differences in the distribution of melanocyte-containing hair bulbs in the skin of male albino rats
Hair gets its color from melanin produced by melanocytes in the hair matrix. The coloration patterns observed in most terrestrial mammals arise from the diverse color combinations within their fur, which depends on the distribution pattern of melanocyte-containing hair follicles. Albino rats genetically produce no melanin and their coats are thus white, but we speculated that melanocytes differentiate and localize within these rats’ hair matrix. We conducted a reverse transcription-quantitative polymerase chain reaction (RT-qPCR) analysis, which revealed both the mRNA expressions of two melanocyte markers (dopachrome tautomerase and tyrosinase) in skin of male albino (SD, Wistar, and F344) rats and the differences in the markers’ expression levels among skin areas. Immunohistochemistry using anti-Dct antibody demonstrated that immunopositive cells, i.e., melanocytes, were localized in the rats’ hair matrix, and that melanocytes containing hair bulbs were distributed in head, dorsal thorax, and dorsal midline areas, which is similar to hooded rats. Our results suggest that differences in the melanocyte presence among the skin regions should be considered when the results of gene expression analyses of albino rat skin are interpreted.
miRNA-1175 downregulates a long non-coding natural antisense RNA and promotes long term memory
Abstract Single-trial induced long-term memories (LTMs) require fast removal of inhibitory memory constraints following learning. We propose that the interplay between short non-coding RNAs (sncRNAs) and long non-coding RNAs (lncRNAs) is engaged in this process, suggesting the existence of a new and unexpected pathway for LTM formation. In the mollusc Lymnaea , this pathway involves the functional interaction between a typical sncRNA, Lym-miR-1175, and a lncRNA, Lym-NOS1AS . In the current study, we validate this hypothesis and provide evidence that: (1) LTM formation in Lymnaea is associated with the timed and targeted changes in the expression of Lym-miR-1175; (2) Lym-miR-1175 is a negative regulator of the Lym-NOS1AS ; (3) Lym-miR-1175 is required for single-trial induced LTM; (4) Lym-miR-1175 and Lym-NOS1AS are co-expressed in a key neuron of the Lymnaea memory network. Thus, our data indicate an important role of the interaction between a miRNA and a lncRNA in one-trial learning.
Leveraging industry 4.0 technologies for healthcare innovation and efficiency
This study investigates the specific impacts of Industry 4.0 technologies—such as artificial intelligence, Internet of Things (IoT), and data-driven automation—on collaboration, communication, service efficiency, and organizational performance within high-complexity hospitals in Colombia. Despite growing global interest, empirical evidence from developing countries remains scarce. To address this gap, we conducted a survey involving 272 respondents—comprising administrative personnel, healthcare providers, and supply chain staff—across hospitals classified as Level III and IV in complexity under Colombian healthcare regulations. The data were analyzed using Structural Equation Modeling (SEM) to examine hypothesized relationships between technological innovation and operational variables. Results demonstrate that Industry 4.0 technologies significantly enhance internal collaboration and communication among stakeholders, contributing to improved organizational performance. However, the anticipated reduction in patient service time through technology adoption was not statistically supported, highlighting challenges in the integration and usability of these technologies. Barriers such as inadequate staff training, limited interoperability, and financial constraints were identified as critical obstacles. The model confirms the role of collaboration in reducing service times and underscores the need for targeted strategies to fully leverage technological investments. By articulating clear relationships and practical implications, this study offers evidence-based guidance for healthcare managers, policymakers, and technologists seeking to optimize the deployment of Industry 4.0 tools in resource-constrained healthcare environments..
Enhanced clustering approach for efficient relay vehicle selection in vehicular ad hoc networks
Potential implications of rising sea level on American Horseshoe Crab (Limulus polyphemus) spawning beaches in two Florida counties
Coastlines support a diversity of wildlife and are used as spawning sites for many species. Though, as sea levels rise, many coastlines will be inundated, affecting species that live or nest in these habitats. The American Horseshoe Crab ( Limulus polyphemus ) requires specific environmental conditions for optimal egg development in coastal habitats. This study used reports of horseshoe crab sightings in two Florida counties to identify characteristics associated with their spawning habitats. A 0.6-meter-wide shoreline polygon was created in ArcGIS Pro and each habitat type within the polygon was identified. Using sea-level rise scenarios for 2040, 2070, and 2100, the percentage of habitat loss within these spawning polygons was predicted. In Pinellas County, spawning was predominantly associated with sheltered tidal flats and mangroves. In Brevard County, spawning was most often associated with fine- to medium-grain sand beaches and mangroves. These results demonstrated that each sea-level rise scenario projects a change in habitat area within the shoreline polygons, most notably in the 2040 projection. By 2100 in Pinellas County, 96.3% of mangroves and 87.4% of sheltered tidal flats within the shoreline polygons were predicted to be lost or changed to a different habitat type. In Brevard County by 2100, 98% of fine- to medium-grain sand beaches and 94.8% of mangroves within the shoreline polygons were predicted to be lost or changed to a different habitat type.
An improved NG-F model for capturing the three types of indentation size effect
Evaluation of post-keratoplasty status with a portable and smartphone-attachable smart eye camera
Purpose To evaluate the efficacy of the smart eye camera (SEC), a portable smartphone-attachable camera, in assessing eyes following lamellar corneal transplantation. Methods This retrospective study included consecutive patients who underwent lamellar corneal transplantation between December 1 st 2023 and August 31 st 2024. Postoperative evaluations were performed using the SEC and a slit-lamp microscope. All images from the two devices were evaluated by two corneal specialists in a blinded fashion to determine the amount of air or gas in the anterior chamber, and the presence of pupillary block and graft detachment. Sensitivity, specificity, and interrater agreement were calculated. Results A total of 26 eyes from 23 patients (12 males and 11 females, mean age: 68.7 ± 15.2 years) were included in this study. Indications for lamellar keratoplasty included endothelial dysfunction (11 eyes were treated with Descemet membrane endothelial keratoplasty and 9 with Descemet stripping automated endothelial keratoplasty), as well as corneal opacity (3 eyes were treated with deep anterior lamellar keratoplasty). Regarding the amount of air or gas in the anterior chamber, the two raters had consistent judgments using the SEC (intraclass correlation coefficient = 0.817 [95% confidence interval: 0.616, 0.918]). A difference in pupillary block identification was found between the two examiners using the SEC, with a Kappa coefficient of 0.646. Neither examiner was able to identify the presence of graft detachment using the SEC. Conclusions The smartphone-attachable SEC was useful in the evaluation of air/gas volume and pupillary block but not for detecting graft detachment.
Care burden and outcomes in young carers during and after the COVID‑19 pandemic: psychological distress and cognitive–emotional aspects
Analysis of clothing pressure based on material of virtually-fitted swimsuits and wearer body type and movement using 3D fashion design software
This study aimed to evaluate and compare the clothing pressure of adult women’s full-body swimsuits based on body type, swimming posture, and fabric material. By using the CLO 3D virtual fitting system, we conducted both qualitative and quantitative analyses to assess pressure distribution across four major body regions during five swim-related movements. Five female body types—hourglass, apple, rectangle, triangle, and inverted triangle—and five movements—overhead arm raise, forward bend, T-pose, flutter kick, and cobra pose—were analyzed. The swimsuits used two fabric types—nylon 80% + spandex 20% blend fabric and polyester 80% + spandex 20% blend fabric; garment pressur e was measured at the chest, back, waist, and abdomen. The findings showed that CLO 3D had limitations in precisely distinguishing the characteristics of nylon and polyester, specifically in terms of clothing pressure and overall comfort. Significant variations in clothing pressure across different body parts were observed depending on swimming movement and body type. According to body type, the highest pressure was on the abdomen for the apple shape and the chest for inverted triangle shape. Regarding movement, the highest pressure was on the abdomen during the forward bend and chest during the cobra pose, indicating possible discomfort in those areas. Moreover, while the CLO 3D system effectively analyzes garment pressure in relatively static conditions of the wearer, it has limitations in assessing underwater environments and wearers’ dynamic states. This study recommends configuring the underwater environment, establishing a database of swimsuit fabric properties in a wet state, incorporating movements, and automatic correction of discrepancies between measured compressive force data and CLO 3D output. The findings provide a data-driven design direction to enhance wearability and functionality in swimsuit development, while presenting new possibilities for CLO 3D-based sportswear research without the need to use traditional human-wear trials.