Browse Articles

Inhalation of 1-bromopropane alters hippocampal expression of pathways related to immune system/inflammation and insulin signaling in experimental rats

Ginsenoside Rg3-encapsulated pegylated niosomes exhibit multimodal therapeutic potential in Alzheimer’s disease

Abstract Ginsenoside Rg3 (GRg3), a bioactive compound extracted from ginseng, has demonstrated the ability to inhibit Aβ production and deposition. In this study, PEGylated GRg3-loaded niosomes were developed and characterized for potential AD treatment. Their efficacy was assessed using in vitro and in vivo models, as well as molecular dynamics simulations of self-assembly. Our formulation achieved a relatively high encapsulation efficiency of 83.02% and a controlled release profile, with 75.73% of the drug released over 48 h. In vitro , co-administration of Aβ with free or PEGylated GRg3-loaded niosomes markedly reduced the levels of Total Antioxidant Capacity, Malondialdehyde (MDA), and caspase-3 gene expression compared to the Aβ-only group. In vivo evaluations revealed that treatment with the niosomal formulation did not significantly alter behavioral parameters, MDA levels, or Superoxide Dismutase activity. However, catalase activity was significantly higher than in the control group. Histopathological and immunohistochemical analyses showed reduced neurovascular damage and preservation of blood–brain barrier (BBB) and hippocampal integrity in the treated group. MD simulations confirmed the spontaneous self-assembly of surfactant molecules into a bilayer structure with successful incorporation of GRg3. Our findings underscore the potential of PEGylated niosomes as efficient nanocarriers for GRg3 delivery in the AD treatment.

Genome-wide characterization of WD40 repeat proteins in cucumber reveals their functional roles in stress response and parthenocarpy

Automatic classification of criminal activities for security surveillance by keyframes detection and advanced inception techniques

Hybrid robust beamforming for enhanced multiple moving object detection with phased array scanning radar

Optimizing grout formulations for post-tensioning using pozzolanic and filler blends

Abstract The use of post-tensioning (PT) technology has grown rapidly due to the increasing demand for longer spans and reduced section depths in concrete structures. However, conventional grout used in bonded PT systems often suffers from bleeding and segregation, leading to void formation, tendon corrosion, and reduced durability. To overcome these issues, high-performance grout (HPG) mixes are typically produced using supplementary cementitious materials (SCMs) such as silica fume and fly ash. Although effective, these materials are expensive and not always readily available. This study investigates the feasibility of using limestone powder as a cost-effective and locally available alternative to traditional SCMs. Thirteen grout mixes were developed with varying water-to-cementitious material ratios (0.27–0.45) and partial replacements of cement by limestone powder (25% and 35%), fly ash (25% and 35%), and silica fume (2–10%).Experimental results demonstrated that increasing limestone powder content reduced bleeding from 1.4% to 0.5% due to its filler effect, but also increased efflux time beyond 50 s and reduced compressive strength from 35 MPa to 24 MPa. In contrast, silica fume-based mixes exhibited superior performance, achieving compressive strengths of 40–55 MPa, bleeding rates below 0.2%, and efflux times of 23–26 s, fully complying with ACI/PTI HPG standards. Fly ash improved workability and long-term strength but did not fully control bleeding. Overall, silica fume provided the best balance of strength, flowability, and durability, while limestone powder served as a low-cost, non-reactive filler capable of moderately enhancing bleeding resistance. The findings indicate that limestone powder can be utilized as a partial substitute for costly SCMs in resource-limited regions, contributing to more sustainable and economical PT grout formulations.

Intelligent cybersecurity management in industrial IoT system using attribute reduction with collaborative deep learning enabled false data injection attack detection approach

High-frequency observations during Adriatic mucilage event reveal unique phytoplankton traits and diversity response

AI-driven digitalization of agriculture-based supply chains to reduce rural poverty in Pakistan

Therapeutic potential of targeting ceramide for early cardiometabolic lipotoxicity in vivo study

Triglyceride-glucose index for predicting the post-procedural wound healing of Rutherford grade 5 ischemia: a retrospective study

Control of feeding behavior by modified retrograde AAV to the gastrointestinal tract nerve afferents

Enhanced photocatalytic degradation of tetracycline using cobalt-substituted ZnFe2O4 porous microspheres under visible-LED irradiation

Metabolite profiling and evaluation of antioxidant, antidiabetic, and antibacterial potential of Thymus linearis Benth. supported by molecular docking and PASS prediction

Antifungal properties of Eucalyptus endophytic Streptomyces strains

Methoxsalen deteriorative effects on the testicular parenchyma and testosterone synthesis gene expression in male rats

Cutting-edge bayesian deep learning and statistical strategies for bias mitigation in COVID-19 detection via chest x-ray imaging

Health risk assessment of heavy metals in imported frozen bovine meat and organs marketed in Sohag, Egypt

Abstract Heavy metals like lead, cadmium, and mercury can accumulate in meat and organ tissues, posing significant food safety and health risks. In the current study, 315 frozen imported bovine samples (105 each of muscle, liver, and kidney) collected from local markets in Sohag governorate, Egypt, were analyzed by atomic absorption spectrophotometry for the determination of mercury (Hg), lead (Pb), and cadmium (Cd) concentrations. The metals determined were investigated for their potential public health hazards in humans. The mean ± SE concentrations of Hg, Pb, and Cd in beef were 0.312 ± 0.058, 0.684 ± 0.105, and 0.030 ± 0.005, respectively, while the corresponding values in liver samples were 0.273 ± 0.054, 0.763 ± 0.106, and 0.056 ± 0.007, respectively, and in kidney samples were 0.167 ± 0.04, 0.716 ± 0.119, and 0.073 ± 0.014, respectively. Beef samples contained the highest Hg level, while liver samples contained the highest level of Pb, and kidney samples contained the highest level of Cd. More than half of the samples tested exceeded the permissible limits set by International and local food agencies for Hg and Pb; exactly, 62.9, 60, and 54.3% of muscle, liver, and kidney samples, respectively, exceeded the maximum limits of Pb, while 54.3 and 57.1% of muscle and liver samples exceeded the limit of Hg. In contrast, none of the tested liver or kidney samples exceeded the limit of Cd, although only 22.9% of the beef samples exceeded their maximal limit. Although the human health risks estimated in the current study for consuming the contaminated samples were low, high proportions of samples exceeded the permissible limit, and therefore, continuous monitoring of heavy metal residues in food, especially of animal origin, is of great significance.

Quadruple bonding between carbon and transition metal in the global minimum geometry of CM(BO)(CO)2− (M = Ru, Os)

Prompted by the previous report of BFe(CO)3− possessing a B≣Fe quadruple bond, the detailed potential energy surface exploration for the BMC3O3− (M = Fe, Ru, Os) formulation reveals that the most stable isomer for M = Ru, Os has a Cs-symmetric CM(CO)2(BO)− (M = Ru, Os) structure in a singlet electronic state with an ultra-short C–M bond along the center axis, whereas for M = Fe, the global minimum is a Cs-symmetric isomer in the triplet electronic state where C of (OC)C(BO) binds with Fe of the FeCO unit. BM(CO)3− is a kinetically stable high-lying isomer for all cases. Detailed bonding analyses on CM(CO)2(BO)− (M = Ru, Os) reveal that the C–M bond can be described as a quadruple bond consisting of a strong electron-sharing C–M(CO)3− σ and π bonds, accompanied by a strong C←M(CO)3− π bond and a weak C→M(CO)3− σ bond. These bonding motifs expand the landscape of high-order multiple bonding between main-group elements and transition metals, particularly in the context of heavier transition-metal carbonyl complexes.

Attention based neural network for cross domain fake news detection in Turkish language