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ctDNA-Guided Adjuvant Atezolizumab in Muscle-Invasive Bladder Cancer

Host cell Z-RNAs activate ZBP1 during virus infections

A bimodal longitudinal investigation on changes in sentiments over social media interactions owing to COVID-19 pandemic

Policy innovation of construction waste management in Xi’an, China: A SWOT analysis of incentive mechanisms

This study uses Xi’an as a case to explore incentive mechanisms and optimization pathways in construction waste management. Drawing on policy text analysis, semi-structured interviews, and the Delphi method, and employing the SWOT-TOWS framework, the research systematically evaluates the strengths, weaknesses, opportunities, and threats of current policies. The findings indicate that while Xi’an benefits from fiscal support and standard-setting, inefficiencies in policy enforcement and low market trust continue to hinder effective resource utilization. To address these challenges, the study proposes a phased strategy: in the short term, improve regulatory closure and enforcement mechanisms; in the medium term, strengthen capacity building, establish market-supporting measures, and stabilize demand; and in the long term, promote institutionalization, financial diversification, and large-scale development. Such measures aim to facilitate the transition from “policy-driven pilot projects” to “market-driven normalization.” This study provides practical insights for Xi’an and other cities at a similar stage of development in building more comprehensive policy support frameworks for sustainable construction waste management.

Supporting Clinical Best Practices after <i>Dobbs</i>

Author Correction: Establishment of an artificial urine model in vitro and rat or pig model in vivo to evaluate urinary crystal adherence

Hospital unit working conditions and risk for employee injury

Background Healthcare employees, particularly in pediatric hospitals, are at high risk of occupational injuries. However, few studies have examined hospital unit-level factors that contribute to these injuries. This study aimed to explore and quantify such risk factors in a large pediatric inpatient setting. Methods We conducted a secondary analysis of prospectively collected data for about 7,929 unit-days between 2014 and 2017. Data sources included an institutional injury surveillance system, incident reports collected from a sample of employees through active surveillance (voice recording), and hospital unit-based measures of patient density and employee workload. Potential determinants of injury among hospital employees included shift length distributions, staffing metrics, patient aggression, near-miss events, and prior injuries. Mixed-effects logistic regression models with unit-level random intercepts were used to evaluate the association between unit-level risk factors and the odds that employee injuries were reported on a unit on a given day. Results Shifts exceeding 13 hours on the previous day were associated with 3–4% higher odds of injury, while same-day shifts shorter than 8.5 hours were associated with a 1% reduction in injury odds. Patient aggression was identified as a significant predictor, greatly increasing the risk of injury, but the association was no longer statistically significant after adjusting for prior injuries. Prior week injuries remained a strong and consistent predictor of future injury occurrences. Near-misses detected in the past week were a significant predictor of injury reporting in unadjusted analyses, but the association was not statistically significant after adjusting for other factors. Conclusions Unit-level risk factors—including work shift duration, patient aggression, and prior injury occurrences—play a significant role in employee injury risk. These findings support the importance of continuous monitoring and targeted interventions, such as shift scheduling limits and systematic near-miss reporting, to enhance occupational safety in pediatric hospital settings.

ctDNA-Guided Therapy in Bladder Cancer — Ready?

The best science images of 2025 — Nature’s picks

The stress–strain analysis of the entire construction process of underground diaphragm wall based on self-sensing FRP bar monitoring

Expression of Concern: Utilization of complementary and alternative medicine (CAM) by women with breast cancer or gynecological cancer

The Epidemic of Tobacco Harms among People with Mental Health Conditions

Waste not: how researchers harness pee and poo for science

Morphometric analysis and weighted sum priority based prioritization of micro-watershed, kiltie watershed, Upper Blue Nile basin, Ethiopia

Effects of hip abducted position during eccentric-only resistance exercise on acute changes in passive stiffness of the biarticular hamstring muscles

Recent studies have revealed that eccentric-only resistance exercise has the potential to acutely decrease passive stiffness of some biarticular hamstring muscles. The biarticular hamstring muscles are hip adductors and thus are greatly lengthened in the hip abducted position. Based on these findings, this study aimed to investigate whether eccentric-only resistance exercise in hip abducted positions, rather than in the hip-neutral position, induces a greater acute decrease in the passive stiffness of the biarticular hamstring muscles. Eleven participants performed eccentric-only knee flexions with different hip abducted positions (0° abduction [ABD0]; 20° abduction [ABD20]; 40° abduction [ABD40]) on separate days. Maximal joint range of motion, passive torque, shear moduli of the biarticular hamstring muscles, and maximal isometric torque were measured before and 5 min after completing each exercise. The shear moduli of the biceps femoris long head and semitendinosus were significantly lower at 5 min post-exercise than at pre-exercise in all hip joint positions. In the semimembranosus, the shear modulus was significantly lower at 5 min post-exercise than at pre-exercise at ABD0 and ABD20, but not at ABD40. In the three muscles, there were no significant differences in the changes in the shear moduli at 5 min post-exercise among the hip abducted positions. These findings suggest that eccentric-only resistance exercise in hip abducted positions does not necessarily amplify the acute decrease in the passive stiffness of the biarticular hamstring muscles and may even attenuate the decrease in stiffness of a specific muscle.

Allogeneic Beta Cells with No Immunosuppression

Robust and efficient image transmission in power-constrained underwater visible light communication systems using neural architecture search

Athlete maltreatment in sport: Protocol for a scoping review

Research on maltreatment in sport demonstrates detrimental effects on athletes’ well-being, and recent news reports highlight the pervasiveness of this issue. However, inconsistencies in defining and operationalizing athlete maltreatment in sport have resulted in issues with conceptual clarity that limits current research, practice, and monitoring within and across sport sectors. This scoping review will synthesize the scientific literature on athlete maltreatment in sport and identify current knowledge gaps for research and practice. The review objectives are to: (1) map how maltreatment has been conceptualized and operationalized in the literature; (2) identify and describe the types of athlete maltreatment that have been investigated; and (3) explore current trends in research approaches and methods applied to the study of athlete maltreatment. An established six-stage scoping review methodology will be applied, as well as field-specific guidelines for community advisory group consultations. The protocol will be conducted over a one-year time frame and has been registered in advance ( https://osf.io/r7ycp/overview ). Relevant sources will be identified using a systematic search strategy across six electronic databases. Study screening procedures will occur in duplicate using pre-determined eligibility criteria. For inclusion, articles must address the concept of maltreatment among athletes (of any age, sport, or competition level), and contain original peer-reviewed research. Extracted data will be analyzed using qualitative content analysis and descriptive statistics. Preliminary results will be presented to community advisors (e.g., athletes, coaches, sport administrators, clinicians, policy writers, researchers) to contextualize findings and prioritize actionable recommendations to improve sport systems. Results will be published in a peer-reviewed journal and presented at academic conferences for sport leaders and researchers with the aim of informing measures, interventions, frameworks, and/or policies.

Noninferiority of One HPV Vaccine Dose to Two Doses

Appraisal of groundwater susceptibility to pollution using hybrid framework of stable isotopes and indexed approach

Abstract This study presents an integrated framework for assessing groundwater contamination risks by combining intrinsic aquifer vulnerability, isotope hydrology, and geospatial pollutant loading indicators. A two-dimensional vulnerability mapping approach was developed using a modified GOD index and δ 1 ⁸O stable isotope tracer, enabling evaluation of both vertical and lateral contaminant transport within the aquifer system. Pollution sources and loading potential were identified through remote sensing, land use classification, and hydrochemical data interpretation. Groundwater samples revealed significant hydrochemical variability, influenced by anthropogenic activities, salinization, and geogenic processes. Principal Component Analysis (PCA) extracted five dominant components, geogenic, anthropogenic, salinity-driven, redox-related, and agricultural, explaining spatial and temporal patterns of groundwater quality deterioration. δ 1 ⁸O values ranged from 5.89 to  -8.62‰, indicating diverse recharge mechanisms and pollutant retardability, and offering insights into groundwater/surface water interactions and lateral migration risks. GOD index values ranged from 0.04 to 0.28, classifying the area predominantly within negligible to medium vulnerability zones. Clay-rich sectors exhibited high natural protectability, while industrial impacted zones showed increased susceptibility. A fuzzy logic-based correlation between GOD scores and isotopic interpretations enhanced aquifer vulnerability assessment, providing a spatially explicit and nuanced risk evaluation. This study integrates established tools to improve groundwater risk characterization. The proposed framework supports contamination threat anticipation, prioritization of high-risk zones, and site-specific protection strategies. It facilitates evidence-based land use planning, targeted monitoring, and adaptive management, contributing to the long-term sustainability of aquifer systems in environmentally complex and industrially stressed regions.