Browse Articles

The effects of fractional derivative and gravity on wave propagation in micro-elongated thermo-elastic media under the refined dual-phase-lag model

Cortical morphology alterations in non-COVID-19 post-infectious olfactory dysfunction

Strain engineering of topological transitions in 2D materials: a multi-band approach

The behavioral profile of a detection dog is tuned for the dog’s role and their environment

Environmental heterogeneity and its influence on fern diversity in a low-altitude mountain forest in central Taiwan

Soil erosion susceptibility assessment in the Bistrița River basin (Romania) using machine learning algorithms and GIS

Parafenestella varangrensis sp. nov., a phomenin producing fungus from the Arctic

Abstract Driftwood-associated fungi are a less recognized source of secondary metabolites with diverse biological activities. The main aim of this study was to characterize a driftwood-associated Parafenestella ( Pleosporales , Ascomycota ) species and evaluate the antibacterial and antibiofilm activities of its secondary metabolites. The fungus, isolated from driftwood on Varanger peninsula in the Northeast of Norway, was identified in the genus Parafenestella and is described here as P. varangrensis sp. nov. using a polyphasic taxonomic approach, including a multilocus phylogenetic analysis. Secondary metabolites were isolated from the P. varangrensis extract using flash chromatography followed by preparative high-performance liquid chromatography-mass spectrometry (prep HPLC-MS). The structures of the isolated compounds were elucidated through spectroscopic analysis, including 1D- and 2D-NMR, as well as HR-MS. They were identified as the known α-pyrone-derived polyketides, phomenins A and B, and their antibacterial activity was evaluated. Phomenin A exhibited weak antibacterial activity against Streptococcus agalactiae . Our findings highlight the importance of exploring cryptic biodiversity in less-studied environments, such as driftwood-associated marine-derived fungi in the Arctic, to expand our knowledge of secondary metabolites and their bioactivities.

Correction: Stability and suitability of housekeeping genes in phlebotomine sand flies

Moringa bio-stimulant promoted cotton production via coordinating anti-oxidants and physiological behaviors to combat reproductive drought stress

The ADMA–NO–NOX2 axis and its association with leptomeningeal collateral impairment in acute ischemic stroke

Synchronous reluctance motor speed control based on multivariable Super-Twisting

Antiviral potential of crude extracts from two Streptomyces spp. against Cucumber Mosaic Virus infection under greenhouse conditions

Abstract Marine actinomycetes are a promising source for developing new antiviral agents for plant diseases, as they produce a wide variety of bioactive compounds. To date, antiviral activity of marine actinomycetes against plant viruses are rare. The present study proceeded to identify and characterize promising antiviral actinomycetes from Red Sea in Hurghada, Egypt, control Cucumber Mosaic Virus (CMV) and, profile the individual chemical components of bioactive crude extracts. Biological and molecular characterization was performed to identify CMV isolate using RT-PCR and coat protein (CP) gene nucleotide sequences analysis. In squash plants, antiviral, CMV optical density, biochemical responses, and resistance genes expression of Streptomyces extracts (SE1 and SE2) were performed against CMV by disease incidence, severity (%) assays, ELISA technique, physiological analysis, and real-time quantitative PCR (qPCR). Chemical profiling of the two Streptomyces extracts was investigated using GC–MS analysis. Antiviral activity was performed by curative (C), protective (P), and inactivation (I) techniques under greenhouse conditions. The obtained results of the morphological, biochemical, physiological and molecular level studies of the Streptomycetes isolates ph6 and MARH showed similarity towards the species of Streptomyces and identified as Streptomyces variabilis strain ph6 (OQ283766) and Streptomyces sp. strain MARH (OQ283775). Protective treatments (P: SE1 and P: SE2) resulted in disease suppression of 100%, while curative treatments (C: SE1 and C: SE2) by 87% and 100%, and inactivation treatments (I: SE1 and I: SE2) by approximately 70%, and 80% respectively compared to mock-inoculated plants. The absorbance values of ELISA at 405 nm for P: SE1 and P: SE2 were 0.191 ± 0.02, and 0.187 ± 0.00 respectively compared to CMV-infected plants which recorded 0.854 ± 0.00. Levels of ascorbate peroxidase (APX), catalase (CAT) enzymes, proline content, total photosynthetic pigments, and total phenolic compounds were significantly increased in P: SE1 and P: SE2 treated squash plants compared to CMV-infected plants. Moreover, P: SE1 and P: SE2 increased membrane stabilization and reduced electrolyte leakage. The pathogenesis-related (PR) gene such as PR-b1 was overexpressed by about 3.09-, and 10.37-fold increases and PR-2 by 1.07-, and 1.66-fold increases for P: SE1 and P: SE2 respectively compared to the CMV-infected control group. Chemical profiling of the ethyl acetate extracts of Streptomyces variabilis and Streptomyces sp. MARH authenticated the presence of constituents such as 1,3¬Dinitro¬2-imidazolidinone (42.60%), Nephthoside-1,2’,3’,4’-Tetraacetate (76.18%), Tetraphenylporphyrinato dichlorotitanium(IV) (12.42%) and L-Lysine (17.01%) respectively. Our results showed that Streptomyces variabilis and Streptomyces sp. MARH are promising strains for production of antiviral natural products, increasing the phenolic compounds, activity of the antioxidant enzymes, and induction the expression of pathogenesis-related genes to generate systemic acquired resistance (SAR) in squash plants. They also supported the potential use of their extracts as an environmentally friendly novel bio-virocides to sustainably stop the spread of plant viruses.

Postoperative pancreatic fistula: a bibliometric analysis of research trends and a meta-analysis on the association with intra pancreatic fat deposition

Improvement of DCIS resection using intraoperative imaging with ICG-p28

Fuzzy logic-based speed guidance strategy for mixed platoons at intersections with communication delay compensation and driver reaction time modeling

Examination of kinetic components (pressure and time) of spark plasma sintering on the mechanical properties of WC/W FGM

Digital image correlation technique for the kinematic assessment of laser system optomechanical mounts

Effects of PM2.5 and particle constituents on overall, cardiovascular, and respiratory mortality in Seoul

Carbohydrate antigen 125 (CA125) following acute myocardial infarction: effects of empagliflozin and association with heart failure readouts in the EMMY trial

Multi-stage decimation with hybrid CIC-polyphase filtering for IoT gateway sample rate conversion

Abstract In real-time digital signal processing, the multirate transformation is a commonly used technique for interpolation and decimation. Comb-based decimation filters are used in wireless applications because of their minimal complexity and effective alias suppression. One symmetrical Finite Impulse Response (FIR) filter that may be used as a decimation filter is the cascaded integrator-comb (CIC) filter. Compared to other decimation filters, the CIC filter operates faster and uses less hardware because it does not require multipliers. Efficient digital filtering is critical in modern wireless communication systems, where real-time processing and resource optimization are essential. This paper presents a multi-stage hybrid polyphase CIC filter architecture implemented on a Xilinx Virtex-4 Field-Programmable Gate Array (FPGA) to enhance signal processing performance. The proposed method integrates a polyphase CIC filter with an FIR compensation filter, addressing the passband droop and improving frequency response. By leveraging polyphase decomposition and pipeline optimization, the design reduces computational complexity while maintaining high accuracy. The FPGA-based implementation ensures low latency, high throughput, and efficient hardware utilization, making it ideal for high-speed wireless applications. Experimental results demonstrate that the proposed filter achieves superior filtering performance compared to conventional CIC filters, offering a robust solution for real-time digital signal processing. The proposed method achieves substantial hardware savings, utilizing only 289 Slice Registers, 25 LUTs, 346 Flip-Flops, 63 BRAMs, and 76 DSPs, compared to the highest values from prior works, which consumed up to 628 Registers, 442 LUTs, 654 BRAMs, and 364 DSPs. This represents a reduction of up to 54% in Slice Registers, 94% in LUTs, and 88% in DSPs, highlighting the efficiency of the proposed architecture for SDR-based IoT gateways.