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Wavelet-convolutional neural network for fault prediction in coal mine seismic data
Bioinspired algorithm based on Physarum polycephalum for the formation of decentralized mesh networks in multi-robot systems
Abstract This work proposes a bio-inspired approach for decentralized coordination in multi-robot systems, applied to a simulated port scenario. The methodology integrates the Robot Operating System (ROS) with the Stage simulator, enabling modeling of a port environment with three autonomous robots, each capable of navigation and obstacle avoidance. The main contribution is a connectivity module inspired by Physarum polycephalum, which manages the mesh network and allows decentralized task sharing whenever connections exist. The algorithm adapts continuously to robot movement and environmental changes, ensuring efficient communication when possible and autonomous operation when disconnected. Experiments confirmed that robots relying only on local perception can form and maintain a functional network. Results showed connections established in less than two seconds on average and reconfigured almost instantly after fault, demonstrating resilience. New robots were integrated in only 0.092 seconds on average, validating scalability. A comparison between scenarios with and without communication revealed a 17.87% efficiency improvement, reducing execution time from 621 to 510 seconds thanks to dynamic load balancing. In summary, the study demonstrates the feasibility of a bio-inspired solution for decentralized coordination in multi-robot systems, capable of generating efficient, resilient, and adaptable communication networks, essential for cooperation in real-world environments. A demonstration video is available at https://youtu.be/ZGPswbfeRKA .
A new method for determining the pore water pressure around twin shallow circular tunnels
Topological states in chain of interacting electrons
Abstract Within the framework of an one-dimension model of interacting electrons, the ground state of an electron liquid is studied. Using the exact solution of the model, the ground state phase diagram and zero-energy Majorana edge functions in a finite chain are calculated. The winding number invariant reflects the topological nature of the electron liquid. The phase diagram includes two topological phases with different winding number invariants, the topologically trivial Mott insulator phase, and three critical phase transition points. Numerical calculations confirm and illustrate the analytical results.
Effect of ammonium hydroxide modification of ZIF-8 nanoparticles on hexavalent chromium removal from aqueous solution
Impact of bed roughness configurations on flow dynamics and hydraulic resistance in open-channel flows
Intelligent identification of causative factors and construction of accident chain for crane operation
Adaptive rateless coded blockchain for dynamic IoV scenarios
Temporal and out-of-sample prediction analysis of motorcyclists injury severities
Comparative evaluation of OpenAI O1 and human performance in higher order cognition
Abstract This study evaluates the performance of OpenAI’s o1-preview model in higher-order cognitive domains, including critical thinking, systematic thinking, computational thinking, data literacy, creative thinking, logical reasoning, and scientific reasoning. Using established benchmarks, we compared the o1-preview models’ performance to human participants from diverse educational levels. o1-preview achieved a mean score of 24.33 on the Ennis-Weir Critical Thinking Essay Test (EWCTET), surpassing undergraduate (13.8) and postgraduate (18.39) participants ( z = 1.60 and 0.90, respectively). In systematic thinking, it scored 46.1 ± 4.12 on the Lake Urmia Vignette, significantly outperforming the human mean (20.08 ± 8.13, z = 3.20). For data literacy, o1-preview scored 8.60 ± 0.70 on test “Use Data” dimension, compared to the human post-test mean of 4.17 ± 2.02 ( z = 2.19). On creative thinking tasks, the model achieved originality scores of 2.98 ± 0.73, higher than the human mean of 1.74 ( z = 0.71). In logical reasoning (LogiQA), it outperformed humans with 90% ± 10 accuracy versus 86% ± 6.5 ( z = 0.62). For scientific reasoning, it achieved near-perfect performance (0.99 ± 0.12) on the TOSLS, exceeding the highest human scores of 0.85 ± 0.13 ( z = 1.78). While o1-preview excelled in structured tasks, it showed limitations in problem-solving and adaptive reasoning. These results demonstrate the potential of AI to complement education in structured assessments but highlight the need for ethical oversight and refinement for broader applications.
A high-efficiency Mg-1Bi-0.5Nd anode magnesium alloy for discharge applications
Abstract A novel homogeneous Mg-1Bi-0.5X (X = Gd, Y, Nd, Ce, La) alloy was fabricated in this study, and its electrochemical properties as well as discharge characteristics as an anode material for primary magnesium-air batteries were systematically investigated through electrochemical tests and battery discharge experiments. The results demonstrate that the addition of Nd promotes the formation of a refined grain structure and semi-continuous network-distributed NdBi secondary phase, which significantly enhances the discharge performance. Microstructural analysis reveals that the discharge products of Mg-1Bi-0.5Nd exhibit a loose, porous morphology. This structure facilitates product exfoliation via crack propagation, thereby improving electrolyte accessibility and enhancing the anode’s discharge stability and efficiency. At a current density of 20 mA cm −2 , the alloy achieves a specific capacity of 1492.54 mAh g −1 and an anodic efficiency of 68.5%, representing a 114.1% improvement over that of the AZ31. These results highlight the superior discharge performance of the Mg-1Bi-0.5Nd anode.
Association of demographics and psychological barriers with late presentation of HIV among men who have sex with men in Chengdu, China
Abstract In China, despite the improved availability of diagnostic services, men who have sex with men (MSM) still face high HIV risk and barriers to timely diagnosis due to internalized homophobia, self-stigma, and other potential factors. This study aimed to explore these factors and how they associated to late presentation (LP) of HIV among MSM in Chengdu, China. Characteristics of participants were collected by face-to-face interviews, including demographics, sexual behaviors, mental health, HIV knowledge, self-stigma, and internalized homophobia. Baseline CD4 at first presentation was obtained from the national integrated AIDS prevention and control information system. Logistic regression analysis was applied to analyze factors associated with LP (defined as a baseline CD4 count < 350 cells/µL). A total of 285 HIV-positive MSM participants were included, 56.5% were classified as late presenters (LPs). Multivariate regression analyses suggested that higher levels of internalized homophobia and self-stigma are positively associated with LP of HIV (both p < 0.001). Other linked factors included lower educational attainment ( p = 0.039) and inadequate HIV-related knowledge ( p < 0.001). Additionally, using severe anxiety as the reference group, individuals without anxiety symptoms showed an 86% lower likelihood of LP ( p = 0.045, 95% CI: 0.02–0.96). Psychological barriers and a lack of related education are the potential barriers for LP of HIV among MSM in Chengdu, China. Interventions should focus on reducing homophobia and stigma while enhancing mental health support and HIV education to promote timely HIV testing in MSM.
Evaluation of the remineralization potential of bioactive materials using different methods
An integrated and sustainable process for selective separation of zinc from arsenic-bearing lead smelting residue by solvent extraction
Time derivatives of weak values
Renoprotective effects of human L-type fatty acid-binding protein (hL-FABP) in rhabdomyolysis-induced acute kidney injury
Abstract L-type fatty acid-binding protein (L-FABP) in proximal tubules is reported to reduce oxidative stress. This study investigated whether renal L-FABP mitigated rhabdomyolysis (RM)-induced acute kidney injury (AKI). Wild-type (WT) mice, which lack renal L-FABP expression, and human L-FABP (hL-FABP) chromosomal transgenic (Tg) mice, which express hL-FABP in proximal tubules, were divided into RM (WT-RM, Tg-RM) and control (WT-Cont, Tg-Cont) groups. RM was induced via intramuscular injection of 50% glycerol/PBS into the quadriceps, whereas controls received PBS alone. On day 1, the WT-RM and Tg-RM groups exhibited similar increases in serum myoglobin, renal dysfunction, heme oxygenase-1 expression, and tubulointerstitial damage. By day 3, the Tg-RM group demonstrated significant improvements in renal function, attenuation of tubulointerstitial damage, and decrease in macrophage infiltration compared with the WT-RM group. Lipid peroxidation marker 4-hydroxynonenal increased similarly in both RM groups on day 1, but its further elevation on day 3 was significantly suppressed in Tg-RM mice. Solute carrier family 7 member 11 on day 1 and glutathione peroxidase 4 on day 3 were significantly higher in Tg-RM mice than in WT-RM mice, which led to the suppression of ferroptosis. In conclusion, renal hL-FABP may prevent progression of RM-induced AKI through ferroptosis inhibition by antioxidative effects.
Risk factors of conversion to hand-assisted laparoscopic surgery or open surgery in laparoscopic liver resection: a multicenter prospective study (HiSCO-08)
Abstract Laparoscopic liver resection (LLR) is widely accepted; however, no prospective study has identified risk factors for conversion to open surgery. This multicenter prospective study aimed to identify risk factors for conversion to hand-assisted laparoscopic surgery or open liver resection and evaluate the impact of conversion on perioperative outcomes in LLR. From June 2020 to May 2024, patients scheduled for wedge resection or left lateral segmentectomy for solitary liver tumor < 5 cm were enrolled across seven institutions. A laparoscopic approach was employed for all patients. The primary endpoint was the identification of risk factors for conversion. As secondary endpoints, we compared perioperative outcomes between LLR and conversion. Among 199 patients, 172 (86.4%) completed LLR, while 27 (13.6%) required conversion. Multivariate analysis identified third or subsequent liver resection ( P < 0.001) and male sex ( P = 0.029) as significant risk factors for conversion. Conversion was significantly associated with longer operative time ( P = 0.001), greater blood loss ( P < 0.001), decreased implementation of the Pringle maneuver ( P = 0.013), and prolonged hospital stay ( P = 0.001). These findings highlight that conversion negatively impacts short-term outcomes. Awareness of these risk factors may support better surgical planning and risk stratification for patients undergoing LLR.
Relationship of lower-limb muscle properties with motor control, walking and balance in stroke survivors
Improvement of anxious but not depressive symptoms is associated with functional outcomes of psychocardiological rehabilitation
Abstract Cardiovascular and mental health conditions are closely linked, and integrative treatments increasingly target both. However, it remains unclear which psychological improvements most strongly influence functional outcomes, such as work ability and quality of life. We hypothesized that reductions in depressive symptoms, general anxiety, and heart-related anxiety would be associated with better work ability, fewer work-related impairments, and improved quality of life. We assessed 243 patients undergoing psychocardiological rehabilitation at admission and discharge. Depressive and anxiety symptoms were measured using the Hospital Anxiety and Depression Scale (HADS), heart-related anxiety by Cardiac Anxiety Questionnaire (CAQ), work-related impairments by sociomedical evaluation and the Mini-ICF-APP Social Functioning Scale (MINI-ICF-APP-S), and quality of life with the Short Form-12 health survey (SF-12). Regression analyses revealed that reductions in general anxiety (HADS-A) and heart-related anxiety (CAQ) were linked to fewer work-related impairments ( p = 0.03) and higher mental quality of life ( p ≤ 0.001 and p ≤ 0.01, respectively). Reduced heart-related anxiety was also associated with higher physical quality of life ( p ≤ 0.001). In contrast, higher baseline depressive symptoms (HADS-D) increased the odds of limited work ability (OR = 1.78, p = 0.01), while improvements in depression were not associated with functional outcomes. These results suggest that depressive and anxiety symptoms are similarly responsive to psychocardiological rehabilitation, but only the latter are associated with improved functional outcomes.